Precise formation of complex neural circuits in the spinal cord,achieved through the integration of diverse neuronal populations,is essential for central nervous system function.However,the specialization and migratio...Precise formation of complex neural circuits in the spinal cord,achieved through the integration of diverse neuronal populations,is essential for central nervous system function.However,the specialization and migration of human spinal cord neurons remain poorly understood.In this study,we perform single-cell transcriptome sequencing of human spinal cord from Carnegie Stages(CS)16–21 and mouse spinal cord from embryonic day(E)8.0–11.5,complemented by in situ sequencing of human spinal cord(CS 16–20).Our results reveal the critical role of the precursor state in neuronal differentiation and migration,identifying key transcription factors that regulate these processes across species.Notably,each neuronal lineage expresses unique markers as early as the progenitor stage at the spinal cord midline,and subsequently undergoes a shared transcriptional program during precursor commitment that guides migration.This synchronized migration,validated by spatial transcriptomics,occurs in both dorsal and ventral regions.Our findings offer important insights into the migration patterns and regulatory factors that guide spinal cord neuron subtype specification during embryogenesis.展开更多
Horizontal gene transfer （HGT） has long been considered as a principal force for an organism to gain novel genes in genome evolution. Homology search, phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide composition analysis are th...Horizontal gene transfer （HGT） has long been considered as a principal force for an organism to gain novel genes in genome evolution. Homology search, phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide composition analysis are three major objective approaches to arguably determine the occurrence and directionality of HGT. Here, 21 genes that possess the potential to horizontal transfer were acquired from the whole genome of Magnaporthe grisea according to annotation, among which three candidate genes （corresponding protein accession numbers are EAA55123, EAA47200 and EAA52136） were selected for further analysis. According to BLAST homology results, we subsequently conducted phylogenetic analysis of the three candidate HGT genes. Moreover, nucleotide composition analysis was conducted to further validate these HGTs. In addition, the functions of the three candidate genes were searched in COG database. Consequently, we conclude that the gene encoding protein EAA55123 is transferred from Clostridium perfringens. Another HGT event is between EAA52136 and a certain metazoan＇s corresponding gene, but the direction remains uncertain. Yet, EAA47200 is not a transferred gene.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFA1802300 and 2023YFF1204701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32225012 and 32200662)+3 种基金Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory (GZNL2023A02005)Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program (2021ZT09Y233)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2023B1212060050 and 2023B1212120009)Health@Inno HK Program launched by Innovation Technology Commission of the Hong Kong SAR,P.R. China.
文摘Precise formation of complex neural circuits in the spinal cord,achieved through the integration of diverse neuronal populations,is essential for central nervous system function.However,the specialization and migration of human spinal cord neurons remain poorly understood.In this study,we perform single-cell transcriptome sequencing of human spinal cord from Carnegie Stages(CS)16–21 and mouse spinal cord from embryonic day(E)8.0–11.5,complemented by in situ sequencing of human spinal cord(CS 16–20).Our results reveal the critical role of the precursor state in neuronal differentiation and migration,identifying key transcription factors that regulate these processes across species.Notably,each neuronal lineage expresses unique markers as early as the progenitor stage at the spinal cord midline,and subsequently undergoes a shared transcriptional program during precursor commitment that guides migration.This synchronized migration,validated by spatial transcriptomics,occurs in both dorsal and ventral regions.Our findings offer important insights into the migration patterns and regulatory factors that guide spinal cord neuron subtype specification during embryogenesis.
基金supported in part by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Programs No. 30270331 and No. 30670469)Director Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases (Sichuan University)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Province (No.06ZQ026-035)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Sichuan Province (2006Z08-010)
文摘Horizontal gene transfer （HGT） has long been considered as a principal force for an organism to gain novel genes in genome evolution. Homology search, phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide composition analysis are three major objective approaches to arguably determine the occurrence and directionality of HGT. Here, 21 genes that possess the potential to horizontal transfer were acquired from the whole genome of Magnaporthe grisea according to annotation, among which three candidate genes （corresponding protein accession numbers are EAA55123, EAA47200 and EAA52136） were selected for further analysis. According to BLAST homology results, we subsequently conducted phylogenetic analysis of the three candidate HGT genes. Moreover, nucleotide composition analysis was conducted to further validate these HGTs. In addition, the functions of the three candidate genes were searched in COG database. Consequently, we conclude that the gene encoding protein EAA55123 is transferred from Clostridium perfringens. Another HGT event is between EAA52136 and a certain metazoan＇s corresponding gene, but the direction remains uncertain. Yet, EAA47200 is not a transferred gene.
