To improve the quality of the infrared image and enhance the information of the object,a dual band infrared image fusion method based on feature extraction and a novel multiple pulse coupled neural network(multi-PCNN)...To improve the quality of the infrared image and enhance the information of the object,a dual band infrared image fusion method based on feature extraction and a novel multiple pulse coupled neural network(multi-PCNN)is proposed.In this multi-PCNN fusion scheme,the auxiliary PCNN which captures the characteristics of feature image extracting from the infrared image is used to modulate the main PCNN,whose input could be original infrared image.Meanwhile,to make the PCNN fusion effect consistent with the human vision system,Laplacian energy is adopted to obtain the value of adaptive linking strength in PCNN.After that,the original dual band infrared images are reconstructed by using a weight fusion rule with the fire mapping images generated by the main PCNNs to obtain the fused image.Compared to wavelet transforms,Laplacian pyramids and traditional multi-PCNNs,fusion images based on our method have more information,rich details and clear edges.展开更多
Background Most cases of acute subdural hematoma(ASDH)require emergency surgery;only a few patients can survive without surgery in the early stages and then develop into subacute subdural hematoma(sASDH).However,the o...Background Most cases of acute subdural hematoma(ASDH)require emergency surgery;only a few patients can survive without surgery in the early stages and then develop into subacute subdural hematoma(sASDH).However,the optimal conservative treatment has not yet been established for these sASDH patients.Based on our previous studies,atorvastatin plus dexamethasone may be safe and effective for them.This article aims to document such cases and analyze the possible mechanisms.Case presentation We selected five patients with sASDH who received a treatment regimen of atorvastatin plus low-dose dexamethasone without surgery.We then observed the clinical and radiological features during treatment and follow-up.The PubMed database and Google Scholar were retrieved for literature regarding the efficacy and safety of conservative treatment in patients with ASDH/sASDH.We extracted information including authors,sample size,gender,number of patients(death,poor prognosis,delayed surgery),and risk factors.Results Of the five patients,all patients who refused surgery for various reasons were resolved after treatment with atorvastatin plus low-dose dexamethasone for their conditions.No hematomas recurred or progressed during an at least 6-month follow-up.We identified 6 studies after searching the database;a total of 1374 patients(F:M=3:7)with ASDH/sASDH received initial conservative treatment.The pooled results showed that 13.1%of patients who initially received conservative treatment deteriorated and required delayed surgical treatment.Of 1374,the overall incidence of poor prognosis was 19.2%,and 7%of patients eventually died.Conclusions It is essential to establish an optimal conservative treatment for patients with sASDH who cannot undergo surgery in an emergency for various reasons.Atorvastatin plus dexamethasone may be an alternative treatment in such a subgroup of sASDH,although a randomized proof-of-concept clinical trial is needed.展开更多
Thinning of the cratonic lithosphere is common in nature, but its destruction is not. In either case, the mechanisms for both thinning and destruction are still widely under debate. In this study, we have made a revie...Thinning of the cratonic lithosphere is common in nature, but its destruction is not. In either case, the mechanisms for both thinning and destruction are still widely under debate. In this study, we have made a review on the processes and mechanisms of thinning and destruction of cratonic lithosphere according to previous studies of geological/geophysical observations and numerical simulations, with specific application to the North China Craton(NCC). Two main models are suggested for the thinning and destruction of the NCC, both of which are related to subduction of the oceanic lithosphere. One is the "bottom-up" model, in which the deeply subducting slab perturbs and induces upwelling from the hydrous mantle transition zone(MTZ). The upwelling produces mantle convection and erodes the bottom of the overriding lithosphere by the fluid-meltperidotite reaction. Mineral compositions and rheological properties of the overriding lithospheric mantle are changed, allowing downward dripping of lithospheric components into the asthenosphere. Consequently, lithospheric thinning or even destruction occurs. The other is the "top-down" model, characterized by the flat subduction of oceanic slab beneath the overriding cratonic lithosphere. Dehydration reactions from the subducting slab would significantly hydrate the lithospheric mantle and decrease its rheological strength. Then the subduction angle may be changed from shallow to steep, inducing lateral upwelling of the asthenosphere. This upwelling would heat and weaken the overriding lithospheric mantle, which led to the weakened lithospheric mantle dripping into the asthenosphere. These two models have some similarities, in that both take the subducting oceanic slab and relevant fluid migration as the major driving mechanism for thinning or destruction of the overriding cratonic lithosphere. The key difference between the two models is the effective depth of the subducting oceanic slab. One is stagnation and flattening in the MTZ, whereas the other is flat subduction at the bottom of the cratonic lithosphere. In the NCC, the eastern lithosphere was likely affected by subduction of the Izanagi slab during the Mesozoic, which would have perturbed the asthenosphere and the MTZ, and induced fluid migration beneath the NCC lithosphere. The upwelling fluid may largely have controlled the reworking of the NCC lithosphere. In order to discuss and analyze these two models further, it is crucial to understand the role of fluids in the subduction zone and the MTZ. Here, we systematically discuss phase transformations of hydrous minerals and the transport processes of water in the subduction system. Furthermore, we analyze possible modes of fluid activity and the problems to explore the applied feasibility of each model. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms for thinning and destruction of cratonic lithosphere, we also consider four additional possible dynamic models: extension-induced lithospheric thinning, compression-induced lithospheric thickening and delamination, large-scale mantle convection and thermal erosion, and mantle plume erosion. Compared to the subduction-related models presented here, these four models are primarily controlled by the relatively simple and single process and mechanism(extension, compression, convection, and mantle plume, respectively), which could be the secondary driving mechanisms for the thinning and destruction of lithosphere.展开更多
Background Despite its prevalence,there is ongoing debate regarding the optimal management strategy for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH),reflecting the variability in clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.This a...Background Despite its prevalence,there is ongoing debate regarding the optimal management strategy for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH),reflecting the variability in clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.This ambidirectional,nationwide,multicenter registry study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of multimodality treatment approaches for CSDH in the Chinese population.Methods/design A multicenter cohort of CSDH patients from 59 participating hospitals in China's Mainland was enrolled in this study.The treatment modalities encompassed a range of options and baseline demographics,clinical characteristics,radiographic findings,and surgical techniques were documented.Clinical outcomes,including hematoma resolution,recurrence rates,neurological status,and complications,were assessed at regular intervals during treatment,3 months,6 months,1 year,and 2 years follow-up.Result Between March 2022 and August 2023,a comprehensive cohort comprising 2173 individuals who met the criterion was assembled across 59 participating clinical sites.Of those patients,81.1%were male,exhibiting an average age of 70.12±14.53 years.A historical record of trauma was documented in 48.0%of cases,while headache constituted the predominant clinical presentation in 58.1%of patients.The foremost surgical modality employed was the burr hole(61.3%),with conservative management accounting for 25.6%of cases.Notably,a favorable clinical prognosis was observed in 88.9%of CSDH patients at 3 months,and the recurrence rate was found to be 2.4%.Conclusion This registry study provides critical insights into the multimodality treatment of CSDH in China,offering a foundation for advancing clinical practices,optimizing patient management,and ultimately,improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from this challenging neurosurgical condition.展开更多
Background:There are various treatment modalities for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH)and there is extensive debate surrounding pharmaceutical interventions.There is no consensus regarding the relative efficacy and saf...Background:There are various treatment modalities for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH)and there is extensive debate surrounding pharmaceutical interventions.There is no consensus regarding the relative efficacy and safety of multiple treatment modalities.This study aims to investigate this issue and offer potential clinical recommendations.Methods:We searched PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to May 2023 to identify randomized and nonrandomized controlled studies reporting one or more outcomes associated with the pharmacologic management of CSDH.The primary outcomes of interest included recurrence,favorable prognosis and adverse events,while the secondary outcomes included a reduction in hematoma volume and mortality.Pooled estimates,credible intervals and odds ratios were calculated for all outcomes using a fixed effects model.Confidence in network meta-analysis judgments were employed to stratify the evidential quality.This study was registered with PROSPERO:CRD42023406599.Results:The search strategy yielded 656 references;ultimately,36 studies involving 8082 patients fulfilled our predefined inclusion criteria.The findings suggested that statins+glucocorticoids(GCs)ranked highest for preventing recurrence,improving prognosis and facilitating hematoma absorption.Tranexamic acid ranked second highest for preventing recurrence.Statins were found to be the preferred drug intervention for decreasing mortality and preventing adverse events.Antithrombotic agents ranked lowest in terms of decreasing mortality and improving prognosis.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that statins+GCs may be the most effective treatment modality for preventing recurrence,improving patient prognosis and facilitating hematoma absorption.In terms of reducing mortality and preventing adverse events,statins may be superior to other pharmacological interventions.Routine use of GCs is not suggested for patients with CSDH.Further prospective research is needed to directly compare the efficacy and superiority of various pharmaceutical interventions targeting CSDH to reinforce and validate our findings.展开更多
Numerous studies on cancers, biopharmaceuticals, and clinical trials have necessitated comprehensive and precise analysis of protein O-glycosylation. However, the lack of updated and convenient databases deters the st...Numerous studies on cancers, biopharmaceuticals, and clinical trials have necessitated comprehensive and precise analysis of protein O-glycosylation. However, the lack of updated and convenient databases deters the storage of and reference to emerging O-glycoprotein data. To resolve this issue, an O-glycoprotein repository named OGP was established in this work.It was constructed with a collection of O-glycoprotein data from different sources. OGP contains 9354 O-glycosylation sites and 11,633 site-specific O-glycans mapping to 2133 O-glycoproteins, and it is the largest O-glycoprotein repository thus far.Based on the recorded O-glycosylation sites, an O-glycosylation site prediction tool was developed. Moreover, an OGP-based website is already available(http://www.oglyp.org/). The website comprises four specially designed and user-friendly modules:statistical analysis, database search, site prediction, and data submission. The first version of OGP repository and the website allow users to obtain various O-glycoprotein-related information, such as protein accession Nos., O-glycosylation sites,O-glycopeptide sequences, site-specific O-glycan structures, experimental methods, and potential O-glycosylation sites.O-glycosylation data mining can be performed efficiently on this website, which will greatly facilitate related studies. In addition, the database is accessible from OGP website(http://www.oglyp.org/download.php).展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60905012,60572058)
文摘To improve the quality of the infrared image and enhance the information of the object,a dual band infrared image fusion method based on feature extraction and a novel multiple pulse coupled neural network(multi-PCNN)is proposed.In this multi-PCNN fusion scheme,the auxiliary PCNN which captures the characteristics of feature image extracting from the infrared image is used to modulate the main PCNN,whose input could be original infrared image.Meanwhile,to make the PCNN fusion effect consistent with the human vision system,Laplacian energy is adopted to obtain the value of adaptive linking strength in PCNN.After that,the original dual band infrared images are reconstructed by using a weight fusion rule with the fire mapping images generated by the main PCNNs to obtain the fused image.Compared to wavelet transforms,Laplacian pyramids and traditional multi-PCNNs,fusion images based on our method have more information,rich details and clear edges.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071390).
文摘Background Most cases of acute subdural hematoma(ASDH)require emergency surgery;only a few patients can survive without surgery in the early stages and then develop into subacute subdural hematoma(sASDH).However,the optimal conservative treatment has not yet been established for these sASDH patients.Based on our previous studies,atorvastatin plus dexamethasone may be safe and effective for them.This article aims to document such cases and analyze the possible mechanisms.Case presentation We selected five patients with sASDH who received a treatment regimen of atorvastatin plus low-dose dexamethasone without surgery.We then observed the clinical and radiological features during treatment and follow-up.The PubMed database and Google Scholar were retrieved for literature regarding the efficacy and safety of conservative treatment in patients with ASDH/sASDH.We extracted information including authors,sample size,gender,number of patients(death,poor prognosis,delayed surgery),and risk factors.Results Of the five patients,all patients who refused surgery for various reasons were resolved after treatment with atorvastatin plus low-dose dexamethasone for their conditions.No hematomas recurred or progressed during an at least 6-month follow-up.We identified 6 studies after searching the database;a total of 1374 patients(F:M=3:7)with ASDH/sASDH received initial conservative treatment.The pooled results showed that 13.1%of patients who initially received conservative treatment deteriorated and required delayed surgical treatment.Of 1374,the overall incidence of poor prognosis was 19.2%,and 7%of patients eventually died.Conclusions It is essential to establish an optimal conservative treatment for patients with sASDH who cannot undergo surgery in an emergency for various reasons.Atorvastatin plus dexamethasone may be an alternative treatment in such a subgroup of sASDH,although a randomized proof-of-concept clinical trial is needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41622404, 41688103)the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB18000000)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB856106)
文摘Thinning of the cratonic lithosphere is common in nature, but its destruction is not. In either case, the mechanisms for both thinning and destruction are still widely under debate. In this study, we have made a review on the processes and mechanisms of thinning and destruction of cratonic lithosphere according to previous studies of geological/geophysical observations and numerical simulations, with specific application to the North China Craton(NCC). Two main models are suggested for the thinning and destruction of the NCC, both of which are related to subduction of the oceanic lithosphere. One is the "bottom-up" model, in which the deeply subducting slab perturbs and induces upwelling from the hydrous mantle transition zone(MTZ). The upwelling produces mantle convection and erodes the bottom of the overriding lithosphere by the fluid-meltperidotite reaction. Mineral compositions and rheological properties of the overriding lithospheric mantle are changed, allowing downward dripping of lithospheric components into the asthenosphere. Consequently, lithospheric thinning or even destruction occurs. The other is the "top-down" model, characterized by the flat subduction of oceanic slab beneath the overriding cratonic lithosphere. Dehydration reactions from the subducting slab would significantly hydrate the lithospheric mantle and decrease its rheological strength. Then the subduction angle may be changed from shallow to steep, inducing lateral upwelling of the asthenosphere. This upwelling would heat and weaken the overriding lithospheric mantle, which led to the weakened lithospheric mantle dripping into the asthenosphere. These two models have some similarities, in that both take the subducting oceanic slab and relevant fluid migration as the major driving mechanism for thinning or destruction of the overriding cratonic lithosphere. The key difference between the two models is the effective depth of the subducting oceanic slab. One is stagnation and flattening in the MTZ, whereas the other is flat subduction at the bottom of the cratonic lithosphere. In the NCC, the eastern lithosphere was likely affected by subduction of the Izanagi slab during the Mesozoic, which would have perturbed the asthenosphere and the MTZ, and induced fluid migration beneath the NCC lithosphere. The upwelling fluid may largely have controlled the reworking of the NCC lithosphere. In order to discuss and analyze these two models further, it is crucial to understand the role of fluids in the subduction zone and the MTZ. Here, we systematically discuss phase transformations of hydrous minerals and the transport processes of water in the subduction system. Furthermore, we analyze possible modes of fluid activity and the problems to explore the applied feasibility of each model. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms for thinning and destruction of cratonic lithosphere, we also consider four additional possible dynamic models: extension-induced lithospheric thinning, compression-induced lithospheric thickening and delamination, large-scale mantle convection and thermal erosion, and mantle plume erosion. Compared to the subduction-related models presented here, these four models are primarily controlled by the relatively simple and single process and mechanism(extension, compression, convection, and mantle plume, respectively), which could be the secondary driving mechanisms for the thinning and destruction of lithosphere.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(via Grant No.82071390 to R Jiang).
文摘Background Despite its prevalence,there is ongoing debate regarding the optimal management strategy for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH),reflecting the variability in clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.This ambidirectional,nationwide,multicenter registry study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of multimodality treatment approaches for CSDH in the Chinese population.Methods/design A multicenter cohort of CSDH patients from 59 participating hospitals in China's Mainland was enrolled in this study.The treatment modalities encompassed a range of options and baseline demographics,clinical characteristics,radiographic findings,and surgical techniques were documented.Clinical outcomes,including hematoma resolution,recurrence rates,neurological status,and complications,were assessed at regular intervals during treatment,3 months,6 months,1 year,and 2 years follow-up.Result Between March 2022 and August 2023,a comprehensive cohort comprising 2173 individuals who met the criterion was assembled across 59 participating clinical sites.Of those patients,81.1%were male,exhibiting an average age of 70.12±14.53 years.A historical record of trauma was documented in 48.0%of cases,while headache constituted the predominant clinical presentation in 58.1%of patients.The foremost surgical modality employed was the burr hole(61.3%),with conservative management accounting for 25.6%of cases.Notably,a favorable clinical prognosis was observed in 88.9%of CSDH patients at 3 months,and the recurrence rate was found to be 2.4%.Conclusion This registry study provides critical insights into the multimodality treatment of CSDH in China,offering a foundation for advancing clinical practices,optimizing patient management,and ultimately,improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from this challenging neurosurgical condition.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(via Grant No.82071390 to RJ).
文摘Background:There are various treatment modalities for chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH)and there is extensive debate surrounding pharmaceutical interventions.There is no consensus regarding the relative efficacy and safety of multiple treatment modalities.This study aims to investigate this issue and offer potential clinical recommendations.Methods:We searched PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to May 2023 to identify randomized and nonrandomized controlled studies reporting one or more outcomes associated with the pharmacologic management of CSDH.The primary outcomes of interest included recurrence,favorable prognosis and adverse events,while the secondary outcomes included a reduction in hematoma volume and mortality.Pooled estimates,credible intervals and odds ratios were calculated for all outcomes using a fixed effects model.Confidence in network meta-analysis judgments were employed to stratify the evidential quality.This study was registered with PROSPERO:CRD42023406599.Results:The search strategy yielded 656 references;ultimately,36 studies involving 8082 patients fulfilled our predefined inclusion criteria.The findings suggested that statins+glucocorticoids(GCs)ranked highest for preventing recurrence,improving prognosis and facilitating hematoma absorption.Tranexamic acid ranked second highest for preventing recurrence.Statins were found to be the preferred drug intervention for decreasing mortality and preventing adverse events.Antithrombotic agents ranked lowest in terms of decreasing mortality and improving prognosis.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that statins+GCs may be the most effective treatment modality for preventing recurrence,improving patient prognosis and facilitating hematoma absorption.In terms of reducing mortality and preventing adverse events,statins may be superior to other pharmacological interventions.Routine use of GCs is not suggested for patients with CSDH.Further prospective research is needed to directly compare the efficacy and superiority of various pharmaceutical interventions targeting CSDH to reinforce and validate our findings.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFC0910300,2016YFA0501303,and 2016YFB0201702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91853102)the innovative research team of high-level local university in Shanghai。
文摘Numerous studies on cancers, biopharmaceuticals, and clinical trials have necessitated comprehensive and precise analysis of protein O-glycosylation. However, the lack of updated and convenient databases deters the storage of and reference to emerging O-glycoprotein data. To resolve this issue, an O-glycoprotein repository named OGP was established in this work.It was constructed with a collection of O-glycoprotein data from different sources. OGP contains 9354 O-glycosylation sites and 11,633 site-specific O-glycans mapping to 2133 O-glycoproteins, and it is the largest O-glycoprotein repository thus far.Based on the recorded O-glycosylation sites, an O-glycosylation site prediction tool was developed. Moreover, an OGP-based website is already available(http://www.oglyp.org/). The website comprises four specially designed and user-friendly modules:statistical analysis, database search, site prediction, and data submission. The first version of OGP repository and the website allow users to obtain various O-glycoprotein-related information, such as protein accession Nos., O-glycosylation sites,O-glycopeptide sequences, site-specific O-glycan structures, experimental methods, and potential O-glycosylation sites.O-glycosylation data mining can be performed efficiently on this website, which will greatly facilitate related studies. In addition, the database is accessible from OGP website(http://www.oglyp.org/download.php).
