In this paper,a bilevel optimization model of an integrated energy operator(IEO)–load aggregator(LA)is constructed to address the coordinate optimization challenge of multiple stakeholder island integrated energy sys...In this paper,a bilevel optimization model of an integrated energy operator(IEO)–load aggregator(LA)is constructed to address the coordinate optimization challenge of multiple stakeholder island integrated energy system(IIES).The upper level represents the integrated energy operator,and the lower level is the electricity-heatgas load aggregator.Owing to the benefit conflict between the upper and lower levels of the IIES,a dynamic pricing mechanism for coordinating the interests of the upper and lower levels is proposed,combined with factors such as the carbon emissions of the IIES,as well as the lower load interruption power.The price of selling energy can be dynamically adjusted to the lower LA in the mechanism,according to the information on carbon emissions and load interruption power.Mutual benefits and win-win situations are achieved between the upper and lower multistakeholders.Finally,CPLEX is used to iteratively solve the bilevel optimization model.The optimal solution is selected according to the joint optimal discrimination mechanism.Thesimulation results indicate that the sourceload coordinate operation can reduce the upper and lower operation costs.Using the proposed pricingmechanism,the carbon emissions and load interruption power of IEO-LA are reduced by 9.78%and 70.19%,respectively,and the capture power of the carbon capture equipment is improved by 36.24%.The validity of the proposed model and method is verified.展开更多
The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffractio...The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal and thermogravimetric(DTA–TG)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)method,ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV–vis DRS),and photoluminescence(PL).The XRD and DTA–TG results expose that the YFAg–TS catalyst is a mixed phase consisting of anatase,rutile,and chlorargyrite,which is beneficial to improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO_(2).The SEM,TEM,and BET results disclose that the YFAg–TS film has smaller nanoparticles,higher specific surface area,and narrower pore size compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The XRD and TEM results exhibit that a part of yttrium can enter the TiO_(2)lattice to induce lattice distortion.The XPS results confirm the presence of Y^(3+)state in the YFAg–TS sample,and Y^(3+)ions can act as the trapping site of electrons to expedite the separation of electrons and holes.The UV–vis DRS results reveal that the YFAg–TS film has an obvious absorption edge shift and a narrower bandgap(2.70 eV)compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The PL results show that the YFAg–TS film has the highest photogenerated electrons and holes separation efficiency and charges transfer efficiency among all samples.The photocatalytic activity of the YFAg–TS was assessed by monitoring the degradation of methyl green and formaldehyde solution.The results manifest that the YFAg–TS film has high stability and excellent photocatalytic performance.The possible synergistic photocatalytic mechanism of YFAg–TS films has been discussed in this paper.展开更多
Objective:To describe the clinical fea-tures of a case of ischemic stroke caused by pseudo severe stenosis of vertebral artery(VA).Methods:The clinical history and image data of a 52-year-old man with ischemic stroke ...Objective:To describe the clinical fea-tures of a case of ischemic stroke caused by pseudo severe stenosis of vertebral artery(VA).Methods:The clinical history and image data of a 52-year-old man with ischemic stroke were collected.Results:Computerized tomography angiography(CTA)revealed stenosis of V1 and V4 of the left VA.DSA confirmed that the anterior blood flow recov-ered after stent implantation,and the V4 segment of the left VA was normal without stenosis.Conclusions:It is spec-ulated that the upper stenosis is due to local hemodynamic changes rather than real stenosis.This case suggests that the interpretation of stenosis on CTA should consider cere-bral vascular anatomy and hemodynamic changes.展开更多
基金supported by the Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(2023ZY0020)Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Project in InnerMongolia Autonomous Region(2022YFHH0019)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology(2022053)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(2022LHQN05002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52067018)Metallurgical Engineering First-Class Discipline Construction Project in Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Control Science and Engineering Quality Improvement and Cultivation Discipline Project in Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology。
文摘In this paper,a bilevel optimization model of an integrated energy operator(IEO)–load aggregator(LA)is constructed to address the coordinate optimization challenge of multiple stakeholder island integrated energy system(IIES).The upper level represents the integrated energy operator,and the lower level is the electricity-heatgas load aggregator.Owing to the benefit conflict between the upper and lower levels of the IIES,a dynamic pricing mechanism for coordinating the interests of the upper and lower levels is proposed,combined with factors such as the carbon emissions of the IIES,as well as the lower load interruption power.The price of selling energy can be dynamically adjusted to the lower LA in the mechanism,according to the information on carbon emissions and load interruption power.Mutual benefits and win-win situations are achieved between the upper and lower multistakeholders.Finally,CPLEX is used to iteratively solve the bilevel optimization model.The optimal solution is selected according to the joint optimal discrimination mechanism.Thesimulation results indicate that the sourceload coordinate operation can reduce the upper and lower operation costs.Using the proposed pricingmechanism,the carbon emissions and load interruption power of IEO-LA are reduced by 9.78%and 70.19%,respectively,and the capture power of the carbon capture equipment is improved by 36.24%.The validity of the proposed model and method is verified.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2016BM30)。
文摘The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal and thermogravimetric(DTA–TG)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)method,ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV–vis DRS),and photoluminescence(PL).The XRD and DTA–TG results expose that the YFAg–TS catalyst is a mixed phase consisting of anatase,rutile,and chlorargyrite,which is beneficial to improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO_(2).The SEM,TEM,and BET results disclose that the YFAg–TS film has smaller nanoparticles,higher specific surface area,and narrower pore size compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The XRD and TEM results exhibit that a part of yttrium can enter the TiO_(2)lattice to induce lattice distortion.The XPS results confirm the presence of Y^(3+)state in the YFAg–TS sample,and Y^(3+)ions can act as the trapping site of electrons to expedite the separation of electrons and holes.The UV–vis DRS results reveal that the YFAg–TS film has an obvious absorption edge shift and a narrower bandgap(2.70 eV)compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The PL results show that the YFAg–TS film has the highest photogenerated electrons and holes separation efficiency and charges transfer efficiency among all samples.The photocatalytic activity of the YFAg–TS was assessed by monitoring the degradation of methyl green and formaldehyde solution.The results manifest that the YFAg–TS film has high stability and excellent photocatalytic performance.The possible synergistic photocatalytic mechanism of YFAg–TS films has been discussed in this paper.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071468,82271507)。
文摘Objective:To describe the clinical fea-tures of a case of ischemic stroke caused by pseudo severe stenosis of vertebral artery(VA).Methods:The clinical history and image data of a 52-year-old man with ischemic stroke were collected.Results:Computerized tomography angiography(CTA)revealed stenosis of V1 and V4 of the left VA.DSA confirmed that the anterior blood flow recov-ered after stent implantation,and the V4 segment of the left VA was normal without stenosis.Conclusions:It is spec-ulated that the upper stenosis is due to local hemodynamic changes rather than real stenosis.This case suggests that the interpretation of stenosis on CTA should consider cere-bral vascular anatomy and hemodynamic changes.
