近年来,随着可穿戴电子设备和柔性传感技术的迅速发展,具有高生物相容性、可调机械性能和优异电学性能的材料成为研究的热点.水凝胶因其高含水量、柔软性及良好的生物相容性,广泛应用于电子皮肤、健康监测和软体机器人等领域.本研究设...近年来,随着可穿戴电子设备和柔性传感技术的迅速发展,具有高生物相容性、可调机械性能和优异电学性能的材料成为研究的热点.水凝胶因其高含水量、柔软性及良好的生物相容性,广泛应用于电子皮肤、健康监测和软体机器人等领域.本研究设计了一种基于聚乙烯醇(PVA)、壳聚糖(CS)、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)和银纳米线(Ag NWs)的杂化水凝胶材料(PPCS-Ag),旨在开发一种高信噪比、长期稳定的柔性电极,用于人体电生理监测.研究结果表明,PPCS-Ag水凝胶具备与皮肤组织匹配的拉伸模量(50±10 k Pa)、低界面阻抗(30±5Ω@1 k Hz)及优异的生物相容性.在一系列电生理监测应用(EEG、ECG和EMG)中,电极表现出25±2 d B的高信噪比,验证了其在下一代多模态健康监测中的良好应用前景.展开更多
Prolonged sitting is a major risk factor for lumbar spine disorders,significantly affecting both physical and mental health.However,conventional clinical diagnosis primarily relies on imaging evaluations conducted aft...Prolonged sitting is a major risk factor for lumbar spine disorders,significantly affecting both physical and mental health.However,conventional clinical diagnosis primarily relies on imaging evaluations conducted after symptom onset,often missing opportunities for early intervention and allowing for disease progression.To address this,this paper presents a diagnostic method based on electromyography(EMG)using an adaptive flexible electromyography sensor(FES).The FES consists of a thermo-responsive in situ gelation hydrogel and flexible mesh electrode patch.The hydrogel undergoes a sol–gel transition at body temperature,enabling conformal skin contact and strong adhesion.As a result,the adhesion of the FES is 15 times stronger than that of conventional EMG electrodes.Consequently,the contact impedance is significantly reduced to 40 kΩ/cm^(2) at 10 Hz,and a high signal-to-noise ratio of 23.28 dB is achieved,allowing for the effective monitoring of subtle electrophysiological signals during prolonged sitting.Overall,this research provides a foundation for the early-stage diagnosis of lumbar disorders,facilitating the transition of lumbar disease management from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.展开更多
Functional van der Waals(vdWs)heterostructures based on layered materials have shown tremendous potential in next-generation optoelectronic devices.To date,numerous vdWs heterostructures have been investigated based o...Functional van der Waals(vdWs)heterostructures based on layered materials have shown tremendous potential in next-generation optoelectronic devices.To date,numerous vdWs heterostructures have been investigated based on stacking or epitaxial growth technology.However the complicated synthesis process greatly limits the large-scale integration of the heterostructure device array,which is essential for practical applications.Here,a planar photodetector array with an out-of-plane vertical In2Se3/SnSe2heterostructure as the photosensitive channel was self-assembled through a pulsed laser deposition(PLD)technique.The vertical built-in field was exploited to suppress the dark current and separate the photogenerated carriers.The realized devices possess an ultralow dark current of 6.3 p A,combined with a high detectivity of 8.8×1011Jones and a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)beyond 3×104.These performance metrics not only are one order of magnitude superior to pure In2Se3device,but also demonstrate the unique advantage of detecting weak signals.In addition,this heterostructure photodetector array can further be constructed on flexible polyimide(PI)substrate.These flexible devices also demonstrate effective light detection capability and the photoresponse remains unchanged even after 200 cycles of bending.These findings pave a way toward the development of next-generation large area and high integration optoelectronic technologies.展开更多
The memristor has been regarded as a promising candidate for constructing a neuromorphic computing platform that is capable of confronting the bottleneck of the traditional von Neumann architecture.Here,inspired by th...The memristor has been regarded as a promising candidate for constructing a neuromorphic computing platform that is capable of confronting the bottleneck of the traditional von Neumann architecture.Here,inspired by the working mechanism of the G-protein-linked receptor of biological cells,a novel double-layer memristive device with reduced graphene oxide(rGO)nanosheets covered by chitosan(an ionic conductive polymer)as the channel material is constructed.The protons in chitosan and the functional groups in rGO nanosheets imitate the functions of the ligands and receptors of biological cells,respectively.Smooth changes in the response current depending on the historical applied voltages are observed,offering a promising pathway toward biorealistic synaptic emulation.The memristive behavior is mainly a result of the interaction between protons provided by chitosan and the defects and functional groups in the rGO nanosheets.The channel current is due to the hopping of protons through functional groups and is limited by the traps in the rGO nanosheets.The transition from short-term to long-term potentiation is achieved,and learning-forgetting behaviors of the memristor mimicking those of the human brain are demonstrated.Overall,the bioinspired memristor-type artificial synaptic device shows great potential in neuromorphic networks.展开更多
The advancement in flexible electronics and neuromorphic electronics has opened up opportunities to construct artificial perception systems to emulate biological functions which are of great importance for intelligent...The advancement in flexible electronics and neuromorphic electronics has opened up opportunities to construct artificial perception systems to emulate biological functions which are of great importance for intelligent robotics and human-machine interactions.However,artificial systems that can mimic the somatosensory feedback functions have not been demonstrated yet despite the great achievement in this area.In this work,inspired by human somatosensory feedback pathways,an artificial somatosensory system with both perception and feedback functions was designed and constructed by integrating the flexible tactile sensors,synaptic transistor,artificial muscle,and the coupling circuit.Also,benefiting from the synaptic characteristics of the designed artificial synapse,the system shows spatio-temporal information-processing ability,which can further enhance the efficiency of the system.This research outcome has a potential contribution to the development of sensor technology from signal sensing to perception and cognition,which can provide a special paradigm for the next generation of bionic tactile perception systems towards e-skin,neurorobotics,and advanced bio-robots.展开更多
Flexible and stretchable electronics are emerging in mainstream technologies and represent promising directions for future lifestyles.Multifunctional stretchable materials with a self-healing ability to resist mechani...Flexible and stretchable electronics are emerging in mainstream technologies and represent promising directions for future lifestyles.Multifunctional stretchable materials with a self-healing ability to resist mechanical damage are highly desirable but remain challenging to create.Here,we report a stretchable macromolecular elastomeric gel with the unique abilities of not only self-healing but also transient properties at room temperature.By inserting small molecule glycerol into hydroxyethylcellulose(HEC),forming a glycerol/hydroxyethylcellulose(GHEC)macromolecular elastomeric gel,dynamic hydrogen bonds occur between the HEC chain and the vip small glycerol molecules,which endows the GHEC with an excellent stretchability(304%)and a self-healing ability under ambient conditions.Additionally,the GHEC elastomeric gel is completely water-soluble,and its degradation rate can be tuned by adjusting the HEC molecular weight and the ratio of the HEC to glycerol.We demonstrate several flexible and stretchable electronics devices,such as self-healing conductors,transient transistors,and electronic skins for robots based on the GHEC elastomeric gel to illustrate its multiple functions.展开更多
Imitation of the perception system of living creatures is of great importance for the construction of artificial nerves and intelligent human-machine interfaces.However,a prominent challenge is to emulate the function...Imitation of the perception system of living creatures is of great importance for the construction of artificial nerves and intelligent human-machine interfaces.However,a prominent challenge is to emulate the functions of the biological synapse,which is the basic building block of the neural system.Here,inspired by the pain perception mechanism of the living creatures,a flexible double-layer memristor was constructed,with 90%semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes(s-SWCNTs)covered by LiClO4 doped polyoxyethylene oxide(PEO:LiClO4)as the channel materials.The carriers(protons and Li+)from PEO:LiClO4 imitated the functions of Na+and K+in biological systems.A potentiation of the post-synaptic signal was observed with mild stimuli,while the post-synaptic signal was inhibited with severe stimuli with a pulse voltage larger than 1.4 V in this research.These behaviors resemble the sensation of pain,neuroprotection,and possible injuries to the neural system.To explore the underlying mechanism of the phenomenon,the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrum,and current(IV)sweep were carried out.It was inferred that the observed results are attributable to the interaction between carriers in PEO:LiClO4 and functional groups and defects in the s-SWCNTs.The enhanced channel current results from the fulfillment of the traps by the carriers,and the suppression of the current is due to the intercalation of Li+in the s-SWCNTs.This flexible artificial synapse opens a new avenue for the construction of biocompatible electronic devices towards artificial intelligence systems.展开更多
The exploration of multi-dimensional brain activity with high temporal and spatial resolution is of great significance in the diagnosis of neurological disease and the study of brain science.Although the integration o...The exploration of multi-dimensional brain activity with high temporal and spatial resolution is of great significance in the diagnosis of neurological disease and the study of brain science.Although the integration of electroencephalo-gram(EEG)with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography(CT)provides a potential solution to achieve a brain-functional image with high spatiotemporal resolution,the critical issues of interface stability and magnetic compatibility remain challenging.Therefore,in this research,we proposed a conductive hydrogel EEG electrode with an asymmetrical bilayer structure,which shows the potential to overcome the challenges.Benefting from the bilayer structure with different moduli,the hydrogel electrode exhibits high biological and mechanical compatibility with the heterogeneous brain-electrode interface.As a result,the impedance can be reduced compared with conventional metal electrodes.In addition,the hydrogel-based ionic conductive electrodes,which are free from metal conductors,are compatible with MRl and CT.Therefore,they can obtain high spatiotemporal resolution multi-dimensional brain information in clinical settings.The research outcome provides a new approach for establishing a platform for early diagnosis of brain diseases and the study of brain science.展开更多
文摘近年来,随着可穿戴电子设备和柔性传感技术的迅速发展,具有高生物相容性、可调机械性能和优异电学性能的材料成为研究的热点.水凝胶因其高含水量、柔软性及良好的生物相容性,广泛应用于电子皮肤、健康监测和软体机器人等领域.本研究设计了一种基于聚乙烯醇(PVA)、壳聚糖(CS)、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)和银纳米线(Ag NWs)的杂化水凝胶材料(PPCS-Ag),旨在开发一种高信噪比、长期稳定的柔性电极,用于人体电生理监测.研究结果表明,PPCS-Ag水凝胶具备与皮肤组织匹配的拉伸模量(50±10 k Pa)、低界面阻抗(30±5Ω@1 k Hz)及优异的生物相容性.在一系列电生理监测应用(EEG、ECG和EMG)中,电极表现出25±2 d B的高信噪比,验证了其在下一代多模态健康监测中的良好应用前景.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62204210,62471465,62125112)the Funded by Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(BK20220284,BK20243004)+3 种基金XJTLU Research Development Funding(RDF-21-01-027,RDF-24-01-037)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M762614)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(Grant No.XDB0520301)the Jiangsu Department of Education Funding for the School of CHIPS at XJTLU(EFP10120240023,EFP10120240024).
文摘Prolonged sitting is a major risk factor for lumbar spine disorders,significantly affecting both physical and mental health.However,conventional clinical diagnosis primarily relies on imaging evaluations conducted after symptom onset,often missing opportunities for early intervention and allowing for disease progression.To address this,this paper presents a diagnostic method based on electromyography(EMG)using an adaptive flexible electromyography sensor(FES).The FES consists of a thermo-responsive in situ gelation hydrogel and flexible mesh electrode patch.The hydrogel undergoes a sol–gel transition at body temperature,enabling conformal skin contact and strong adhesion.As a result,the adhesion of the FES is 15 times stronger than that of conventional EMG electrodes.Consequently,the contact impedance is significantly reduced to 40 kΩ/cm^(2) at 10 Hz,and a high signal-to-noise ratio of 23.28 dB is achieved,allowing for the effective monitoring of subtle electrophysiological signals during prolonged sitting.Overall,this research provides a foundation for the early-stage diagnosis of lumbar disorders,facilitating the transition of lumbar disease management from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61805044 and 11674310)the Key Platforms and Research Projects of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2018KTSCX050)“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”。
文摘Functional van der Waals(vdWs)heterostructures based on layered materials have shown tremendous potential in next-generation optoelectronic devices.To date,numerous vdWs heterostructures have been investigated based on stacking or epitaxial growth technology.However the complicated synthesis process greatly limits the large-scale integration of the heterostructure device array,which is essential for practical applications.Here,a planar photodetector array with an out-of-plane vertical In2Se3/SnSe2heterostructure as the photosensitive channel was self-assembled through a pulsed laser deposition(PLD)technique.The vertical built-in field was exploited to suppress the dark current and separate the photogenerated carriers.The realized devices possess an ultralow dark current of 6.3 p A,combined with a high detectivity of 8.8×1011Jones and a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)beyond 3×104.These performance metrics not only are one order of magnitude superior to pure In2Se3device,but also demonstrate the unique advantage of detecting weak signals.In addition,this heterostructure photodetector array can further be constructed on flexible polyimide(PI)substrate.These flexible devices also demonstrate effective light detection capability and the photoresponse remains unchanged even after 200 cycles of bending.These findings pave a way toward the development of next-generation large area and high integration optoelectronic technologies.
基金The authors acknowledge the funding support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1304700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61574163,No.61801473)+2 种基金the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province,China(Nos.BK20170008 and BK20160011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61801473)the NANO-X Workstation scientifically supported this research.
文摘The memristor has been regarded as a promising candidate for constructing a neuromorphic computing platform that is capable of confronting the bottleneck of the traditional von Neumann architecture.Here,inspired by the working mechanism of the G-protein-linked receptor of biological cells,a novel double-layer memristive device with reduced graphene oxide(rGO)nanosheets covered by chitosan(an ionic conductive polymer)as the channel material is constructed.The protons in chitosan and the functional groups in rGO nanosheets imitate the functions of the ligands and receptors of biological cells,respectively.Smooth changes in the response current depending on the historical applied voltages are observed,offering a promising pathway toward biorealistic synaptic emulation.The memristive behavior is mainly a result of the interaction between protons provided by chitosan and the defects and functional groups in the rGO nanosheets.The channel current is due to the hopping of protons through functional groups and is limited by the traps in the rGO nanosheets.The transition from short-term to long-term potentiation is achieved,and learning-forgetting behaviors of the memristor mimicking those of the human brain are demonstrated.Overall,the bioinspired memristor-type artificial synaptic device shows great potential in neuromorphic networks.
基金support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M712323)the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFB1304700,2020YFB2008501)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071463,62071462,22109173)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (62125112)XJTLU Research Development Funding (RDF-21-01-027).
文摘The advancement in flexible electronics and neuromorphic electronics has opened up opportunities to construct artificial perception systems to emulate biological functions which are of great importance for intelligent robotics and human-machine interactions.However,artificial systems that can mimic the somatosensory feedback functions have not been demonstrated yet despite the great achievement in this area.In this work,inspired by human somatosensory feedback pathways,an artificial somatosensory system with both perception and feedback functions was designed and constructed by integrating the flexible tactile sensors,synaptic transistor,artificial muscle,and the coupling circuit.Also,benefiting from the synaptic characteristics of the designed artificial synapse,the system shows spatio-temporal information-processing ability,which can further enhance the efficiency of the system.This research outcome has a potential contribution to the development of sensor technology from signal sensing to perception and cognition,which can provide a special paradigm for the next generation of bionic tactile perception systems towards e-skin,neurorobotics,and advanced bio-robots.
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0701101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61574163,61801473)+1 种基金the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20170008)the NANO-X Workstation scientifically supported this research.
文摘Flexible and stretchable electronics are emerging in mainstream technologies and represent promising directions for future lifestyles.Multifunctional stretchable materials with a self-healing ability to resist mechanical damage are highly desirable but remain challenging to create.Here,we report a stretchable macromolecular elastomeric gel with the unique abilities of not only self-healing but also transient properties at room temperature.By inserting small molecule glycerol into hydroxyethylcellulose(HEC),forming a glycerol/hydroxyethylcellulose(GHEC)macromolecular elastomeric gel,dynamic hydrogen bonds occur between the HEC chain and the vip small glycerol molecules,which endows the GHEC with an excellent stretchability(304%)and a self-healing ability under ambient conditions.Additionally,the GHEC elastomeric gel is completely water-soluble,and its degradation rate can be tuned by adjusting the HEC molecular weight and the ratio of the HEC to glycerol.We demonstrate several flexible and stretchable electronics devices,such as self-healing conductors,transient transistors,and electronic skins for robots based on the GHEC elastomeric gel to illustrate its multiple functions.
基金We acknowledge the funding support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1304700),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61574163)the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20170008,BK20160011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61801473),and the NANO-X Workstation scientifically supported this research.
文摘Imitation of the perception system of living creatures is of great importance for the construction of artificial nerves and intelligent human-machine interfaces.However,a prominent challenge is to emulate the functions of the biological synapse,which is the basic building block of the neural system.Here,inspired by the pain perception mechanism of the living creatures,a flexible double-layer memristor was constructed,with 90%semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes(s-SWCNTs)covered by LiClO4 doped polyoxyethylene oxide(PEO:LiClO4)as the channel materials.The carriers(protons and Li+)from PEO:LiClO4 imitated the functions of Na+and K+in biological systems.A potentiation of the post-synaptic signal was observed with mild stimuli,while the post-synaptic signal was inhibited with severe stimuli with a pulse voltage larger than 1.4 V in this research.These behaviors resemble the sensation of pain,neuroprotection,and possible injuries to the neural system.To explore the underlying mechanism of the phenomenon,the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrum,and current(IV)sweep were carried out.It was inferred that the observed results are attributable to the interaction between carriers in PEO:LiClO4 and functional groups and defects in the s-SWCNTs.The enhanced channel current results from the fulfillment of the traps by the carriers,and the suppression of the current is due to the intercalation of Li+in the s-SWCNTs.This flexible artificial synapse opens a new avenue for the construction of biocompatible electronic devices towards artificial intelligence systems.
基金The authors acknowledge the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62204210,62071463)the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(62125112)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20220284)XJTLU Research Development Funding(RDF-21-01-027)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LTGY24B050001)Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(2022J252).
文摘The exploration of multi-dimensional brain activity with high temporal and spatial resolution is of great significance in the diagnosis of neurological disease and the study of brain science.Although the integration of electroencephalo-gram(EEG)with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography(CT)provides a potential solution to achieve a brain-functional image with high spatiotemporal resolution,the critical issues of interface stability and magnetic compatibility remain challenging.Therefore,in this research,we proposed a conductive hydrogel EEG electrode with an asymmetrical bilayer structure,which shows the potential to overcome the challenges.Benefting from the bilayer structure with different moduli,the hydrogel electrode exhibits high biological and mechanical compatibility with the heterogeneous brain-electrode interface.As a result,the impedance can be reduced compared with conventional metal electrodes.In addition,the hydrogel-based ionic conductive electrodes,which are free from metal conductors,are compatible with MRl and CT.Therefore,they can obtain high spatiotemporal resolution multi-dimensional brain information in clinical settings.The research outcome provides a new approach for establishing a platform for early diagnosis of brain diseases and the study of brain science.
