Influenza A virus(IAV)remains a global public health concern,causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections.Two major subtypes,A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2,circulate globally,and their epidemics are...Influenza A virus(IAV)remains a global public health concern,causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections.Two major subtypes,A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2,circulate globally,and their epidemics are influenced by multiple factors,especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Based on data from the National Influenza Surveillance Program in China,we analyzed the epidemiological and genomic data in Tianjin collected from 2017 to 2025.A total of 77,473 throat swabs were collected,of which 9144 were IAV-positive.The A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages exhibited distinct epidemics across different influenza seasons,with a decline in cases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.We sequenced the genomes of 128 A/pdm09 H1N1 and 113 A/H3N2 clinical isolates and characterized their temporal evolution and genetic diversity using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis.Additionally,we conducted a genetic risk evaluation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments,identifying key amino acid residues associated with viral adaptation,transmissibility,virulence,and drug resistance.Moreover,no antigenic variants were found in clinical isolates during the recent influenza seasons,though reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir and zanamivir was observed in individual strains.Our surveillance highlights the epidemiology and evolution of IAV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tianjin.展开更多
Structural engineering enhances plasmonic stability and amplifies localized electric fields,yet the limited intrinsic activity of plasmonic materials necessitates integrating catalytic active sites.Herein,we design a ...Structural engineering enhances plasmonic stability and amplifies localized electric fields,yet the limited intrinsic activity of plasmonic materials necessitates integrating catalytic active sites.Herein,we design a yolk@shell nanoreactor featuring dual-plasmonic Au@CuS core-shell structures encapsulated by sulfur vacancy-rich ZnIn2S4(Sv-ZIS).The electromagnetic“hotspots”from Au and CuS near-field coupling concentrate incident light to boost hot-carrier generation and migration while sulfur vacancies in Sv-ZIS promote hydrogen evolution.This dual mechanism synergistically achieves 86.3 mmol g^(-1)h-1of H2production(65.6%quantum efficiency at 420 nm),maintaining 48.3 mmol g^(-1)h-1at 6℃.Density functional theory(DFT)simulations demonstrate that sulfur vacancies not only reduce the H*adsorption energy barrier from 0.87 to 0.11 eV but also amplify the interfacial electric field strength by 9%.Vacancy-redirected fields favor proton reduction pathways,accelerating charge transfer kinetics.Comparative studies confirm the universal superiority of dual-plasmonic architecture,while Sv-ZIS shells exhibit optimized activity through defect-mediated electronic interactions.This work provides a blueprint for bridging plasmonic field enhancement and defect engineering in multi-component photocatalysts.展开更多
基金supported by Tianjin Municipal Health Commission(TJWJ2022ZD010)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project.
文摘Influenza A virus(IAV)remains a global public health concern,causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections.Two major subtypes,A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2,circulate globally,and their epidemics are influenced by multiple factors,especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Based on data from the National Influenza Surveillance Program in China,we analyzed the epidemiological and genomic data in Tianjin collected from 2017 to 2025.A total of 77,473 throat swabs were collected,of which 9144 were IAV-positive.The A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages exhibited distinct epidemics across different influenza seasons,with a decline in cases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.We sequenced the genomes of 128 A/pdm09 H1N1 and 113 A/H3N2 clinical isolates and characterized their temporal evolution and genetic diversity using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis.Additionally,we conducted a genetic risk evaluation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments,identifying key amino acid residues associated with viral adaptation,transmissibility,virulence,and drug resistance.Moreover,no antigenic variants were found in clinical isolates during the recent influenza seasons,though reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir and zanamivir was observed in individual strains.Our surveillance highlights the epidemiology and evolution of IAV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tianjin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22162007)the Science and Technology Supporting Project of Guizhou Province([2021]480)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Supporting Project of Guizhou Province([2023)379)the Project from Guizhou Institute of Innovation and development of dual-carbon and new energy technologies(DCRE-2023-05)。
文摘Structural engineering enhances plasmonic stability and amplifies localized electric fields,yet the limited intrinsic activity of plasmonic materials necessitates integrating catalytic active sites.Herein,we design a yolk@shell nanoreactor featuring dual-plasmonic Au@CuS core-shell structures encapsulated by sulfur vacancy-rich ZnIn2S4(Sv-ZIS).The electromagnetic“hotspots”from Au and CuS near-field coupling concentrate incident light to boost hot-carrier generation and migration while sulfur vacancies in Sv-ZIS promote hydrogen evolution.This dual mechanism synergistically achieves 86.3 mmol g^(-1)h-1of H2production(65.6%quantum efficiency at 420 nm),maintaining 48.3 mmol g^(-1)h-1at 6℃.Density functional theory(DFT)simulations demonstrate that sulfur vacancies not only reduce the H*adsorption energy barrier from 0.87 to 0.11 eV but also amplify the interfacial electric field strength by 9%.Vacancy-redirected fields favor proton reduction pathways,accelerating charge transfer kinetics.Comparative studies confirm the universal superiority of dual-plasmonic architecture,while Sv-ZIS shells exhibit optimized activity through defect-mediated electronic interactions.This work provides a blueprint for bridging plasmonic field enhancement and defect engineering in multi-component photocatalysts.
