The lead-free inorganic perovskite CsSnI_(3) is considered as one of the best candidates for emerging photovoltaics.Nevertheless,CsSnI_(3)-based perovskite solar cells experience a significant drop in performance due ...The lead-free inorganic perovskite CsSnI_(3) is considered as one of the best candidates for emerging photovoltaics.Nevertheless,CsSnI_(3)-based perovskite solar cells experience a significant drop in performance due to the nonradiative recombination facilitated by trapping.Here,we show an electron donor passivation method to regulate deep-level defects for CsSnI_(3) perovskite with electron donor pyrrole.Experimental observations combined with theoretical simulations verify that the saturation of Tin dangling bonds with pyrrole on the CsSnI_(3) surface via a Lewis acid-base addition reaction can significantly reduce the density of deep-level defects.Consequently,the printable mesoporous perovskite solar cells with an FTO/compact-TiO_(2)/mesoporous-TiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)/NiO/carbon framework device structure penetrated with CsSnI_(3) achieve a power conversion efficiency of up to 10.11%.To our knowledge,this represents the highest efficiency reported to date for lead-free pero vs kite-based printable mesoporous solar cells.Furthermore,the unencapsulated devices demonstrated remarkable long-term stability,retaining 92%of their initial efficiency even after 2400 h of aging in a nitrogen atmosphere.展开更多
Herein we propose a new equivalent circuit including double heterojunctions in series to simulate the current–voltage characteristic of P–I–N planar structure perovskite solar cells. This new method can theoretical...Herein we propose a new equivalent circuit including double heterojunctions in series to simulate the current–voltage characteristic of P–I–N planar structure perovskite solar cells. This new method can theoretically solve the dilemma of the parameter diode ideal factor being larger than2 from an ideal single heterojunction equivalent circuit,which usually is in the range from 1 to 2. The diode ideal factor reflects PN junction quality, which influences the recombination at electron transport layer/perovskite and perovskite/hole transport layer interface. Based on the double PN junction equivalent circuit, we can also simulate the dark current–voltage curve for analyzing recombination current(Shockley–Read–Hall recombination) and diffusion current(including direct recombination), and thus carrier recombination and transportation characteristics. This new model offers an efficacious and simple method to investigate interfaces condition, film quality of perovskite absorbing layer and performance of transport layer, helping us furtherimprove the device efficiency and analyze the working mechanism.展开更多
The demand for building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy systems based on flexible photovoltaic technology such as perovskite embedded with exceptional flexibility and a superior power-to-mass ratio is eno...The demand for building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy systems based on flexible photovoltaic technology such as perovskite embedded with exceptional flexibility and a superior power-to-mass ratio is enormous.The photoactive layer,i.e.,the perovskite thin film,as a critical component of flexible perovskite solar cells(F-PSCs),still faces long-term stability issues when deformation occurs due to encountering temperature changes that also affect intrinsic rigidity.This literature investigation summarizes the main factors responsible for the rapid destruction of F-PSCs.We focus on long-term mechanical stability of F-PSCs together with the recent research protocols for improving this performance.Furthermore,we specify the progress in F-PSCs concerning precise design strategies of the functional layer to enhance the flexural endurance of perovskite films,such as internal stress engineering,grain boundary modification,self-healing strategy,and crystallization regulation.The existing challenges of oxygen-moisture stability and advanced encapsulation technologies of F-PSCs are also discussed.As concluding remarks,we propose our viewpoints on the large-scale commercial application of F-PSCs.展开更多
Inhomogeneous Pb/Sn elemental distribution and the resulted phase segregation in mixed Pb-Sn halide perovskites would result in energy disorder(band structure and phase distribution disorder),which greatly limits thei...Inhomogeneous Pb/Sn elemental distribution and the resulted phase segregation in mixed Pb-Sn halide perovskites would result in energy disorder(band structure and phase distribution disorder),which greatly limits their photovoltaic performance.Here,Pb S quantum dot has been synthesized and demonstrated as seeds for modulation crystallization dynamics of the mixed Pb-Sn inorganic perovskites,allowing an enhanced film quality and significantly suppressing phase segregation.With this additive power conversion efficiency of 8%and 6%is obtained under irradiation of full sunlight in planar and mesoporous structured solar cells in combination with CsPb_(0.5) Sn_(0.5)I_(2)Br inorganic perovskite,respectively.Our finding reveals exploring the actual Pb/Sn atoms location in perovskite structure and its influence on developing efficient and stable low-bandgap perovskite solar cells.展开更多
Industrial wastewater should be treated with caution due to its potential environmental risks.In this study,a polymerization-based cathode/Fe^(3+)/peroxydisulfate(PDS)process was employed for the first time to treat a...Industrial wastewater should be treated with caution due to its potential environmental risks.In this study,a polymerization-based cathode/Fe^(3+)/peroxydisulfate(PDS)process was employed for the first time to treat a raw coking wastewater,which can achieve simulta-neous organics abatement and recovery by converting organic contaminants into separable solid organic-polymers.The results confirm that several dominant organic contaminants in coking wastewater such as phenol,cresols,quinoline and indole can be induced to poly-merize by self-coupling or cross-coupling.The total chemical oxygen demand(COD)abate-ment from coking wastewater is 46.8%and the separable organic-polymer formed from or-ganic contaminants accounts for 62.8%of the abated COD.Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)abatement of 41.9%is achieved with about 89%less PDS consumption than conventional degradation-based process.Operating conditions such as PDS concentration,Fe3+concen-tration and current density can affect the COD/DOC abatement and organic-polymer yield by regulating the generation of reactive radicals.ESI-MS result shows that some organic-polymers are substituted by inorganic ions such as Cl^(-),Br^(-),I^(-),NH_(4)^(+),SCN^(-)and CN^(-),suggest-ing that these inorganic ionsmay be involved in the polymerization.The specific consump-tion of this coking wastewater treatment is 27 kWh/kg COD and 95 kWh/kg DOC.The values are much lower than those of the degradation-based processes in treating the same coking wastewater,and also are lower than those of most processes previously reported for coking wastewater treatment.展开更多
Novel donor-acceptor-donor structured small molecular hole transporting materials are developed through a facile route by crosslinking dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole and phenothiazine or triarylamine-based donor unit...Novel donor-acceptor-donor structured small molecular hole transporting materials are developed through a facile route by crosslinking dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole and phenothiazine or triarylamine-based donor units.The strong push/pull electron capability of dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole/phenothiazine and largeπ-conjugated dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole facilitate hole mobility and high conductivity.The devices using the dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole/phenothiazine-based hole trans-porting material achieved a power conversion efficiency of 14.2%under 1 sun illumination and improved stability under 20%relative humidity at room temperature without encapsulation.The present finding highlights the potential of dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole-based donor-acceptor-donor small molecular hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells.展开更多
Three novel diketopyrrolopyrrole （DPP） based small organic molecules were synthesized as hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells. The effects of different donors and zr bridges on the performance of p...Three novel diketopyrrolopyrrole （DPP） based small organic molecules were synthesized as hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells. The effects of different donors and zr bridges on the performance of perovskite solar cells （PSCs） were discussed. The efficiency of TPADPP-1, TPADPP-2. PTZDPP-2 was 5.10%, 9.85% and 8.16% respectively. Compared to TPADPP-2, the voltage of PTZDPP-2 was higher. Because the electron-donatingability of phenothiazine based donor was larger than that of triphenylamine based donor, the HOMO level of PTZDPP-2 was lower than that of TPADPP-2. The results indicated that the diketopyrrolopyrrole based D-π-A-π-D type small organic molecule might be a promising hole trans- porting material in the perovskite solar cells.展开更多
In recent years perovskite solar cells have attracted an increasing scientific and technological interest in the scientific community. It is important to know that the temperature is one of the factors which have a st...In recent years perovskite solar cells have attracted an increasing scientific and technological interest in the scientific community. It is important to know that the temperature is one of the factors which have a strong effect on the efficiency of perovskite solar cell. This study communicates a temperature analysis on the pho- tovoltaic parameters of CH3NH3Pbl3-based perovskite solar cell in a broad interval from 80 to 360 K. Strong temperature-dependent photovoltaic effects have been observed in the type of solar cell, which could be mainly attributed to CH3NH3PbI3, showing a ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition at low temperature （T 〈 160 K）. An increase in temperature over the room temperature decreased the perovskite solar cell performance and reduced its efficiency from 16Z to 9%. The investigation with electronic impedance spectroscopy reveals that at low temperature （T 〈 120 K） the charge transport layer limits the device performance, while at high temperature （T 〉 200 K）, the interfacial charge recombination becomes the dominant factor.展开更多
The proper bandgap and exceptional photostability enable CsPbI_(3) as a potential candidate for indoor photovoltaics(IPVs),but indoor power conversion efficiency(PCE) is impeded by serious nonradiative recombination s...The proper bandgap and exceptional photostability enable CsPbI_(3) as a potential candidate for indoor photovoltaics(IPVs),but indoor power conversion efficiency(PCE) is impeded by serious nonradiative recombination stemming from challenges in incomplete DMAPbI_(3) conversion and lattice structure distortion.Here,the coplanar symmetric structu re of hexyl sulfide(HS) is employed to functionalize the CsPbI_(3) layer for fabricating highly efficient IPVs.The hydrogen bond between HS and DMAI promotes the conversion of DMAPbI_(3) to CsPbI_(3),while the copianar symmetric structure enhances crystalline order.Simultaneously,surface sulfidation during HS-induced growth results in the in situ formation of PbS,spontaneously creating a CsPbI_(3) N-P homojunction to enhance band alignment and carrier mobility.As a result,the CsPbI_(3)&HS devices achieve an impressive indoor PCE of 39.90%(P_(in):334.6 μW cm^(-2),P_(out):133.5 μW cm^(-2)) under LED@2968 K,1062 lux,and maintain over 90% initial PCE for 800 h at ^(3)0% air ambient humidity.展开更多
All inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as disruptive photovoltaic technology owing to their admirable photoelectric properties and the non-volatile active layer.However,the phase instability a...All inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as disruptive photovoltaic technology owing to their admirable photoelectric properties and the non-volatile active layer.However,the phase instability against moisture severely limits the fabrication environment for the high-efficiency devices,breaking through the confinement region to achieve scalable manufacturing has been the primary issue for future commercialization.Here,we develop a curing-anti-solvent strategy for fabricating high-quality and stable black-phase CsPbI_(3)perovskite films in ambient air by introducing an inorganic polymer perhydropolysilazane(PHPS)into methyl acetate to form anti-template agent.The cross-linked PHPS reduces moisture erosions while the hydrolyzate silanol network(–Si(OH)_(4)^(–))controls the perovskite crystal growth by forming Lewis adducts with PbI_(2)during the fabrication.The polycondensation adduct of Si–O–Si/Si–O–Pb strongly binds to CsPbI_(3)grains as a shield layer to hamper phase transition.Using the inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite thin-film with PHPS-modified anti-solvent processing as the light absorber,the n–i–p planar solar cell achieved an efficiency of 19.17%under standard illumination test conditions.More importantly,the devices showed excellent moisture stability,retaining about 90%of the initial efficiency after 1000 h under 30%RH.展开更多
Strategies to prolong operational life are highly pursued to strengthen the advantage of cost-effectiveness on sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).We demonstrate the crucial influence of particles'internal mechanical strai...Strategies to prolong operational life are highly pursued to strengthen the advantage of cost-effectiveness on sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).We demonstrate the crucial influence of particles'internal mechanical strains on durability of cathode,which does not attract enough attentions from the community.Among the investigated samples,2%Ti-modified-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.1)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.8)O_(2 )suppresses the c-axis lattice variation by 38%,attains the reversible capacity 86%higher after 200 cycles,and still keeps intact morphology.This approach indicates that the mechanical properties could tailor cyclic stability of cathode,which is particular important to further improve competitiveness for SIBs.展开更多
Sodium superionic conductor-type Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries.However,the anti-site defects due to the occupation of Na vacancies by Mn lead to voltage hysteresis and capacity...Sodium superionic conductor-type Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries.However,the anti-site defects due to the occupation of Na vacancies by Mn lead to voltage hysteresis and capacity loss.In this study,we present a method for efficient manipulating the e_(g) orbital of elemental Mn in the Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) to enhance the Mn-O covalent interaction.This modulation of the e_(g) orbital facilitates the electron filling in the Mn(3d-e_(g))orbital and strengthens hybridization with the O(2p)orbital,which increases the formation energy of Mn defects and thereby effectively restrains anti-site defects in Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3).The optimized Na_(2.97)Li_(0.03)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) cathode delivers a capacity of 115.8 mAh g^(-1) at 10 C(164.9 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C),while retaining an outstanding capacity retention of 89.2% over 3000 cycles,along with stable cycling characteristics under temperatures ranging from−30℃ to 40℃.The pouch-type full cell(50×35×5 mm^(3))using the Na_(2.97)Li_(0.03)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) cathode and hard carbon anode further demonstrates its promising application.This study elucidates the anti-site defects suppression mechanism through molecular orbital analysis,offering new perspectives for developing high-performance sodium-ion cathode materials.展开更多
Owing to its nice performance, low cost, and simple solution-processing, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell(PSC) becomes a promising candidate for next-generation high-efficiency solar cells.The power conv...Owing to its nice performance, low cost, and simple solution-processing, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell(PSC) becomes a promising candidate for next-generation high-efficiency solar cells.The power conversion efficiency(PCE) has boosted from 3.8% to 25.2% over the past ten years. Despite the rapid progress in PCE, the device stability is a key issue that impedes the commercialization of PSCs. Recently, all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites have attracted much attention due to their better stability compared with their organic-inorganic counterpart. In this progress report, we summarize the properties of CsPb(IxBr1-x)3 and their applications in solar cells. The current challenges and corresponding solutions are discussed. Finally, we share our perspectives on CsPb(IxBr1-x)3 solar cells and outline possible directions to further improve the device performance.展开更多
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (ABX3) solar cells (PSCs)have made great progress in recent years [1]. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has increased up to 25.2%(NREL Best Research-Cell Efficiency Chart, http...Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (ABX3) solar cells (PSCs)have made great progress in recent years [1]. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has increased up to 25.2%(NREL Best Research-Cell Efficiency Chart, https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-efficiency.html, Accessed August 2019). However, they suffer from poor thermal stability due to the volatile A-site organic cations.展开更多
The growing global demand for energy makes it essential to develop alternatives to fossil fuels with the aim to solve the issue of the upcoming energy supply shortage and the effect of climate change.Renewable energie...The growing global demand for energy makes it essential to develop alternatives to fossil fuels with the aim to solve the issue of the upcoming energy supply shortage and the effect of climate change.Renewable energies with the featuring of inexhaustible natural source are the key for the modern industry’s future in which solar energy in particular is one of the most promising segments.展开更多
Formamidinium lead triiodide （FAPbI3） is a promising photoactive perovskite for low-cost and efficient solar cells. This article reports on an experimental investigation on the stability of FAPbI3 by comparison with...Formamidinium lead triiodide （FAPbI3） is a promising photoactive perovskite for low-cost and efficient solar cells. This article reports on an experimental investigation on the stability of FAPbI3 by comparison with that of widely-used methylamidinium lead triiodide （MAPbI3）. A hydration of the FAPbI3 with mois- ture could be the dominant mechanism for its degradation in air, rather than a common thermal decom- position in the MAPbI3. This can be mainly contributed to a relatively strong bond formation between formamidinium ions （FA＋） and 1-. Consequently, the stability of FAPbl3 based devices can be greatly enhanced by removal moisture in the surrounding. This conclusion renders FAPbI3 extremely attractive for stable perovskite solar cells with fine encapsulation.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells have attracted considerable attention in the photovoltaic field for their high efficiency achieved in a short period of time.However,hystersis behaviour was often observed during the photocurren...Perovskite solar cells have attracted considerable attention in the photovoltaic field for their high efficiency achieved in a short period of time.However,hystersis behaviour was often observed during the photocurrent-voltage measurement causes uncertainty in evaluation of photovoltaic efficiency.In this letter,we report a systematic investigation on the cause of hysteresis via series of TiO_2 based planar heterojunction structured perovskite solar cell devices.The results reveal organic cation ions,such as the commonly employed CH_3NH_3^+ or HC(NH_2)_2^+,play critical role on the observed hysteresis effect above the 298 K via interaction with iodide.We further suggest an efficient hole/electron transport in devices can inhibit such hysteresis behavior.Our conclusion sheds light onto the underlying hysteresis mechanisms,and proposes possible solutions to overcome the issue,which offers guidelines for future development of perovskite devices.展开更多
This work reports on a compositionally graded heterojunction for photovoltaic application by cooperating fluorine-doped carbon quantum dots(FCQDs in short)into the CsPbI_(2.5)Br_(0.5)inorganic perovskite layer.Using t...This work reports on a compositionally graded heterojunction for photovoltaic application by cooperating fluorine-doped carbon quantum dots(FCQDs in short)into the CsPbI_(2.5)Br_(0.5)inorganic perovskite layer.Using this CsPbI_(2.5)Br_(0.5)/FCQDs graded heterojunction in conjunction with low-temperature-processed carbon electrode,a power conversion efficiency of 13.53%for 1 cm^(2)all-inorganic perovskite solar cell can be achieved at AM 1.5G solar irradiation.To the best of our knowledge,this is one of the highest efficiency reported for carbon electrode based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells so far,and the first report of 1 cm^(2)carbon counter electrode based inorganic perovskite solar cell with PCE exceeding 13%.Moreover,the inorganic perovskite/carbon quantum dot graded heterojunction photovoltaics maintained over 90%of their initial efficiency after thermal aging at 85°for 1056 hours.This conception of constructing inorganic perovskite/FCQDs graded heterojunction offers a feasible pathway to develop efficient and stable photovoltaics for scale-up and practical applications.展开更多
The development of high-efficiency and durable non-noble metal-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts is a particularly urgent need for electrochemical water splitting.An effective electrocatalyst can be...The development of high-efficiency and durable non-noble metal-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts is a particularly urgent need for electrochemical water splitting.An effective electrocatalyst can be prepared by tailoring the composition,morphology,and structure of the material.Herein,we report a CoTe_(2)–NiTe_(2)heterojunction directly grown on CoNi alloy foam(CNF)via a simple hydrothermal route.The optimized electrode of 3CNT/CNF-240C was achieved through the adjustment of reductant addition of N_(2)H_(4)·H_(2)O and the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal reaction.The 3CNT/CNF-240C electrode only needs a low overpotential of 280 mV to attain an anodic current density of 10 mA cm^(−2),and shows fast kinetics for the OER with a small Tafel slop of 19.4 mV dec^(−1).The enhanced OER performance could be attributed to the interaction between CoTe_(2)and NiTe_(2)in the heterojunctions promoting the charge transfer process.Moreover,3CNT/CNF-240C also shows excellent long-term stability,which can maintain 18 h of continuous electrolysis without obvious degradation.Our research provides a new strategy for the direct synthesis of integrated hybrid structured electrocatalysts to achieve highly active and durable water splitting.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4200305)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379049)Hubei Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2023BAB113)。
文摘The lead-free inorganic perovskite CsSnI_(3) is considered as one of the best candidates for emerging photovoltaics.Nevertheless,CsSnI_(3)-based perovskite solar cells experience a significant drop in performance due to the nonradiative recombination facilitated by trapping.Here,we show an electron donor passivation method to regulate deep-level defects for CsSnI_(3) perovskite with electron donor pyrrole.Experimental observations combined with theoretical simulations verify that the saturation of Tin dangling bonds with pyrrole on the CsSnI_(3) surface via a Lewis acid-base addition reaction can significantly reduce the density of deep-level defects.Consequently,the printable mesoporous perovskite solar cells with an FTO/compact-TiO_(2)/mesoporous-TiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)/NiO/carbon framework device structure penetrated with CsSnI_(3) achieve a power conversion efficiency of up to 10.11%.To our knowledge,this represents the highest efficiency reported to date for lead-free pero vs kite-based printable mesoporous solar cells.Furthermore,the unencapsulated devices demonstrated remarkable long-term stability,retaining 92%of their initial efficiency even after 2400 h of aging in a nitrogen atmosphere.
基金the 973 Program of China(No.2014CB643506 and 2013CB922104)the China Scholarship Council(No.201506165038)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21673091)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.ZRZ2015000203)Technology Creative Project of Excellent Middle and Young Team of Hubei Province(No.T201511)the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(2015KF18)is acknowledged
文摘Herein we propose a new equivalent circuit including double heterojunctions in series to simulate the current–voltage characteristic of P–I–N planar structure perovskite solar cells. This new method can theoretically solve the dilemma of the parameter diode ideal factor being larger than2 from an ideal single heterojunction equivalent circuit,which usually is in the range from 1 to 2. The diode ideal factor reflects PN junction quality, which influences the recombination at electron transport layer/perovskite and perovskite/hole transport layer interface. Based on the double PN junction equivalent circuit, we can also simulate the dark current–voltage curve for analyzing recombination current(Shockley–Read–Hall recombination) and diffusion current(including direct recombination), and thus carrier recombination and transportation characteristics. This new model offers an efficacious and simple method to investigate interfaces condition, film quality of perovskite absorbing layer and performance of transport layer, helping us furtherimprove the device efficiency and analyze the working mechanism.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4200052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21975088)+2 种基金the Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(2022EHB009)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711236)S.A.thanks European Research Council(MOLEMAT-726360)for support.
文摘The demand for building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy systems based on flexible photovoltaic technology such as perovskite embedded with exceptional flexibility and a superior power-to-mass ratio is enormous.The photoactive layer,i.e.,the perovskite thin film,as a critical component of flexible perovskite solar cells(F-PSCs),still faces long-term stability issues when deformation occurs due to encountering temperature changes that also affect intrinsic rigidity.This literature investigation summarizes the main factors responsible for the rapid destruction of F-PSCs.We focus on long-term mechanical stability of F-PSCs together with the recent research protocols for improving this performance.Furthermore,we specify the progress in F-PSCs concerning precise design strategies of the functional layer to enhance the flexural endurance of perovskite films,such as internal stress engineering,grain boundary modification,self-healing strategy,and crystallization regulation.The existing challenges of oxygen-moisture stability and advanced encapsulation technologies of F-PSCs are also discussed.As concluding remarks,we propose our viewpoints on the large-scale commercial application of F-PSCs.
基金Financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFE0101300, 2018YFB1502900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21975088)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Major International (Regional) Joint Research Project (No. 51961165106)the double first-class research funding of China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy (3011187029)。
文摘Inhomogeneous Pb/Sn elemental distribution and the resulted phase segregation in mixed Pb-Sn halide perovskites would result in energy disorder(band structure and phase distribution disorder),which greatly limits their photovoltaic performance.Here,Pb S quantum dot has been synthesized and demonstrated as seeds for modulation crystallization dynamics of the mixed Pb-Sn inorganic perovskites,allowing an enhanced film quality and significantly suppressing phase segregation.With this additive power conversion efficiency of 8%and 6%is obtained under irradiation of full sunlight in planar and mesoporous structured solar cells in combination with CsPb_(0.5) Sn_(0.5)I_(2)Br inorganic perovskite,respectively.Our finding reveals exploring the actual Pb/Sn atoms location in perovskite structure and its influence on developing efficient and stable low-bandgap perovskite solar cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52170078)Zheng-Qian Liu gratefully acknowledges the China Scholarship Council(No.202106165001)for financial support.
文摘Industrial wastewater should be treated with caution due to its potential environmental risks.In this study,a polymerization-based cathode/Fe^(3+)/peroxydisulfate(PDS)process was employed for the first time to treat a raw coking wastewater,which can achieve simulta-neous organics abatement and recovery by converting organic contaminants into separable solid organic-polymers.The results confirm that several dominant organic contaminants in coking wastewater such as phenol,cresols,quinoline and indole can be induced to poly-merize by self-coupling or cross-coupling.The total chemical oxygen demand(COD)abate-ment from coking wastewater is 46.8%and the separable organic-polymer formed from or-ganic contaminants accounts for 62.8%of the abated COD.Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)abatement of 41.9%is achieved with about 89%less PDS consumption than conventional degradation-based process.Operating conditions such as PDS concentration,Fe3+concen-tration and current density can affect the COD/DOC abatement and organic-polymer yield by regulating the generation of reactive radicals.ESI-MS result shows that some organic-polymers are substituted by inorganic ions such as Cl^(-),Br^(-),I^(-),NH_(4)^(+),SCN^(-)and CN^(-),suggest-ing that these inorganic ionsmay be involved in the polymerization.The specific consump-tion of this coking wastewater treatment is 27 kWh/kg COD and 95 kWh/kg DOC.The values are much lower than those of the degradation-based processes in treating the same coking wastewater,and also are lower than those of most processes previously reported for coking wastewater treatment.
基金Financial support from the 973 Program of China(No.2014CB643506)the NSFC Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project NSFC-SNSF(51661135023)+2 种基金NSFC(21673091,21702147)the Fundamental Research Funds For the Central Universities HUST(2018KFYXKJC034)the Opening Project of Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences
文摘Novel donor-acceptor-donor structured small molecular hole transporting materials are developed through a facile route by crosslinking dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole and phenothiazine or triarylamine-based donor units.The strong push/pull electron capability of dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole/phenothiazine and largeπ-conjugated dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole facilitate hole mobility and high conductivity.The devices using the dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole/phenothiazine-based hole trans-porting material achieved a power conversion efficiency of 14.2%under 1 sun illumination and improved stability under 20%relative humidity at room temperature without encapsulation.The present finding highlights the potential of dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole-based donor-acceptor-donor small molecular hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells.
基金the National Key Research Development Program of China(2016YFA0602900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21272079,21572069)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2013B010405003)the fund from the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project,China(201607010265)
文摘Three novel diketopyrrolopyrrole （DPP） based small organic molecules were synthesized as hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells. The effects of different donors and zr bridges on the performance of perovskite solar cells （PSCs） were discussed. The efficiency of TPADPP-1, TPADPP-2. PTZDPP-2 was 5.10%, 9.85% and 8.16% respectively. Compared to TPADPP-2, the voltage of PTZDPP-2 was higher. Because the electron-donatingability of phenothiazine based donor was larger than that of triphenylamine based donor, the HOMO level of PTZDPP-2 was lower than that of TPADPP-2. The results indicated that the diketopyrrolopyrrole based D-π-A-π-D type small organic molecule might be a promising hole trans- porting material in the perovskite solar cells.
基金supported by 973 Program of China (2014CB643506 and 2013CB922104)the NSFC (21173091 and 61205034)
文摘In recent years perovskite solar cells have attracted an increasing scientific and technological interest in the scientific community. It is important to know that the temperature is one of the factors which have a strong effect on the efficiency of perovskite solar cell. This study communicates a temperature analysis on the pho- tovoltaic parameters of CH3NH3Pbl3-based perovskite solar cell in a broad interval from 80 to 360 K. Strong temperature-dependent photovoltaic effects have been observed in the type of solar cell, which could be mainly attributed to CH3NH3PbI3, showing a ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition at low temperature （T 〈 160 K）. An increase in temperature over the room temperature decreased the perovskite solar cell performance and reduced its efficiency from 16Z to 9%. The investigation with electronic impedance spectroscopy reveals that at low temperature （T 〈 120 K） the charge transport layer limits the device performance, while at high temperature （T 〉 200 K）, the interfacial charge recombination becomes the dominant factor.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province (Grant No. ZK 2024-087)Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 22005071)。
文摘The proper bandgap and exceptional photostability enable CsPbI_(3) as a potential candidate for indoor photovoltaics(IPVs),but indoor power conversion efficiency(PCE) is impeded by serious nonradiative recombination stemming from challenges in incomplete DMAPbI_(3) conversion and lattice structure distortion.Here,the coplanar symmetric structu re of hexyl sulfide(HS) is employed to functionalize the CsPbI_(3) layer for fabricating highly efficient IPVs.The hydrogen bond between HS and DMAI promotes the conversion of DMAPbI_(3) to CsPbI_(3),while the copianar symmetric structure enhances crystalline order.Simultaneously,surface sulfidation during HS-induced growth results in the in situ formation of PbS,spontaneously creating a CsPbI_(3) N-P homojunction to enhance band alignment and carrier mobility.As a result,the CsPbI_(3)&HS devices achieve an impressive indoor PCE of 39.90%(P_(in):334.6 μW cm^(-2),P_(out):133.5 μW cm^(-2)) under LED@2968 K,1062 lux,and maintain over 90% initial PCE for 800 h at ^(3)0% air ambient humidity.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of China(no.22005071)the Natural Science Special(Special Post)Research Foundation of Guizhou University(no.2020-13)The cultivation programs Research Foundation of Guizhou University(no.2019-64).
文摘All inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as disruptive photovoltaic technology owing to their admirable photoelectric properties and the non-volatile active layer.However,the phase instability against moisture severely limits the fabrication environment for the high-efficiency devices,breaking through the confinement region to achieve scalable manufacturing has been the primary issue for future commercialization.Here,we develop a curing-anti-solvent strategy for fabricating high-quality and stable black-phase CsPbI_(3)perovskite films in ambient air by introducing an inorganic polymer perhydropolysilazane(PHPS)into methyl acetate to form anti-template agent.The cross-linked PHPS reduces moisture erosions while the hydrolyzate silanol network(–Si(OH)_(4)^(–))controls the perovskite crystal growth by forming Lewis adducts with PbI_(2)during the fabrication.The polycondensation adduct of Si–O–Si/Si–O–Pb strongly binds to CsPbI_(3)grains as a shield layer to hamper phase transition.Using the inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite thin-film with PHPS-modified anti-solvent processing as the light absorber,the n–i–p planar solar cell achieved an efficiency of 19.17%under standard illumination test conditions.More importantly,the devices showed excellent moisture stability,retaining about 90%of the initial efficiency after 1000 h under 30%RH.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020M682391)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission (Grant No. Z191100004719001)+1 种基金the Start-Up Funding of Jianghan Universitythe “Chutian Scholar Program” of Hubei Province
文摘Strategies to prolong operational life are highly pursued to strengthen the advantage of cost-effectiveness on sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).We demonstrate the crucial influence of particles'internal mechanical strains on durability of cathode,which does not attract enough attentions from the community.Among the investigated samples,2%Ti-modified-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.1)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.8)O_(2 )suppresses the c-axis lattice variation by 38%,attains the reversible capacity 86%higher after 200 cycles,and still keeps intact morphology.This approach indicates that the mechanical properties could tailor cyclic stability of cathode,which is particular important to further improve competitiveness for SIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22372065,22209052)the Hubei Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2023BAB113).
文摘Sodium superionic conductor-type Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries.However,the anti-site defects due to the occupation of Na vacancies by Mn lead to voltage hysteresis and capacity loss.In this study,we present a method for efficient manipulating the e_(g) orbital of elemental Mn in the Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) to enhance the Mn-O covalent interaction.This modulation of the e_(g) orbital facilitates the electron filling in the Mn(3d-e_(g))orbital and strengthens hybridization with the O(2p)orbital,which increases the formation energy of Mn defects and thereby effectively restrains anti-site defects in Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3).The optimized Na_(2.97)Li_(0.03)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) cathode delivers a capacity of 115.8 mAh g^(-1) at 10 C(164.9 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C),while retaining an outstanding capacity retention of 89.2% over 3000 cycles,along with stable cycling characteristics under temperatures ranging from−30℃ to 40℃.The pouch-type full cell(50×35×5 mm^(3))using the Na_(2.97)Li_(0.03)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3) cathode and hard carbon anode further demonstrates its promising application.This study elucidates the anti-site defects suppression mechanism through molecular orbital analysis,offering new perspectives for developing high-performance sodium-ion cathode materials.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0206600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773045,21572041 and 21772030)for the financial support
文摘Owing to its nice performance, low cost, and simple solution-processing, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell(PSC) becomes a promising candidate for next-generation high-efficiency solar cells.The power conversion efficiency(PCE) has boosted from 3.8% to 25.2% over the past ten years. Despite the rapid progress in PCE, the device stability is a key issue that impedes the commercialization of PSCs. Recently, all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites have attracted much attention due to their better stability compared with their organic-inorganic counterpart. In this progress report, we summarize the properties of CsPb(IxBr1-x)3 and their applications in solar cells. The current challenges and corresponding solutions are discussed. Finally, we share our perspectives on CsPb(IxBr1-x)3 solar cells and outline possible directions to further improve the device performance.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0206600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51773045, 21572041 and 21772030) for financial support
文摘Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (ABX3) solar cells (PSCs)have made great progress in recent years [1]. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has increased up to 25.2%(NREL Best Research-Cell Efficiency Chart, https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-efficiency.html, Accessed August 2019). However, they suffer from poor thermal stability due to the volatile A-site organic cations.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1502900)National Natural Science Foundation of China Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project(51661135023 and 51961165106)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673091 and 21975088)funded by the Double First-class Research Funding of China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy(3011187029)。
文摘The growing global demand for energy makes it essential to develop alternatives to fossil fuels with the aim to solve the issue of the upcoming energy supply shortage and the effect of climate change.Renewable energies with the featuring of inexhaustible natural source are the key for the modern industry’s future in which solar energy in particular is one of the most promising segments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21673091)the China Scholarship Council (201506165038)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (ZRZ2015000203)the Technology Creative Project of Excellent Middle & Young Team of Hubei Province (T201511)the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center (2015KF18)the Director Fund of the WNLO
文摘Formamidinium lead triiodide （FAPbI3） is a promising photoactive perovskite for low-cost and efficient solar cells. This article reports on an experimental investigation on the stability of FAPbI3 by comparison with that of widely-used methylamidinium lead triiodide （MAPbI3）. A hydration of the FAPbI3 with mois- ture could be the dominant mechanism for its degradation in air, rather than a common thermal decom- position in the MAPbI3. This can be mainly contributed to a relatively strong bond formation between formamidinium ions （FA＋） and 1-. Consequently, the stability of FAPbl3 based devices can be greatly enhanced by removal moisture in the surrounding. This conclusion renders FAPbI3 extremely attractive for stable perovskite solar cells with fine encapsulation.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(201506165038)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673091)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (ZRZ2015000203)Technology Creative Project of Excellent Middle & Young Team of Hubei Province(T201511)the Director Fund of the WNLO, the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(2015KF18)
文摘Perovskite solar cells have attracted considerable attention in the photovoltaic field for their high efficiency achieved in a short period of time.However,hystersis behaviour was often observed during the photocurrent-voltage measurement causes uncertainty in evaluation of photovoltaic efficiency.In this letter,we report a systematic investigation on the cause of hysteresis via series of TiO_2 based planar heterojunction structured perovskite solar cell devices.The results reveal organic cation ions,such as the commonly employed CH_3NH_3^+ or HC(NH_2)_2^+,play critical role on the observed hysteresis effect above the 298 K via interaction with iodide.We further suggest an efficient hole/electron transport in devices can inhibit such hysteresis behavior.Our conclusion sheds light onto the underlying hysteresis mechanisms,and proposes possible solutions to overcome the issue,which offers guidelines for future development of perovskite devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2018YFB1502900,2019YFE0101300]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.21975088]the National Natural Science Foundation of China Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project[NO.51961165106].
文摘This work reports on a compositionally graded heterojunction for photovoltaic application by cooperating fluorine-doped carbon quantum dots(FCQDs in short)into the CsPbI_(2.5)Br_(0.5)inorganic perovskite layer.Using this CsPbI_(2.5)Br_(0.5)/FCQDs graded heterojunction in conjunction with low-temperature-processed carbon electrode,a power conversion efficiency of 13.53%for 1 cm^(2)all-inorganic perovskite solar cell can be achieved at AM 1.5G solar irradiation.To the best of our knowledge,this is one of the highest efficiency reported for carbon electrode based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells so far,and the first report of 1 cm^(2)carbon counter electrode based inorganic perovskite solar cell with PCE exceeding 13%.Moreover,the inorganic perovskite/carbon quantum dot graded heterojunction photovoltaics maintained over 90%of their initial efficiency after thermal aging at 85°for 1056 hours.This conception of constructing inorganic perovskite/FCQDs graded heterojunction offers a feasible pathway to develop efficient and stable photovoltaics for scale-up and practical applications.
基金support by the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2019WNLOKF018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772224)the Independent Innovation Foundation of Wuhan University of Technology(2021-CL-B1-08)for the financial support for this research.
文摘The development of high-efficiency and durable non-noble metal-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts is a particularly urgent need for electrochemical water splitting.An effective electrocatalyst can be prepared by tailoring the composition,morphology,and structure of the material.Herein,we report a CoTe_(2)–NiTe_(2)heterojunction directly grown on CoNi alloy foam(CNF)via a simple hydrothermal route.The optimized electrode of 3CNT/CNF-240C was achieved through the adjustment of reductant addition of N_(2)H_(4)·H_(2)O and the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal reaction.The 3CNT/CNF-240C electrode only needs a low overpotential of 280 mV to attain an anodic current density of 10 mA cm^(−2),and shows fast kinetics for the OER with a small Tafel slop of 19.4 mV dec^(−1).The enhanced OER performance could be attributed to the interaction between CoTe_(2)and NiTe_(2)in the heterojunctions promoting the charge transfer process.Moreover,3CNT/CNF-240C also shows excellent long-term stability,which can maintain 18 h of continuous electrolysis without obvious degradation.Our research provides a new strategy for the direct synthesis of integrated hybrid structured electrocatalysts to achieve highly active and durable water splitting.
