The advent of 6G networks is poised to drive a new era of intelligent,privacy-preserving distributed learning by leveraging advanced communication and AI-driven edge intelligence.Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a...The advent of 6G networks is poised to drive a new era of intelligent,privacy-preserving distributed learning by leveraging advanced communication and AI-driven edge intelligence.Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training without exposing raw data.However,its deployment in 6G networks faces significant obstacles,including vulnerabilities to inference attacks,the complexities of heterogeneous and dynamic network environments,and the inherent trade-off between privacy protection and model performance.In response to these challenges,we introduce DP-Fed6G,a novel FL framework that integrates differential privacy(DP)to fortify data security while ensuring high-quality learning outcomes.Specifically,DPFed6G employs an adaptive noise injection strategy that dynamically adjusts privacy protection levels based on real-time 6G network conditions and device heterogeneity,ensuring robust data security while maximizing model performance and optimizing the trade-off between privacy and utility.Extensive experiments on three real-world healthcare datasets demonstrate that DP-Fed6G consistently outperforms existing baselines(DP-Fed SGD and DPFed Avg),achieving up to 10.3%higher test accuracy under the same privacy budget.The proposed framework thus provides a practical solution for secure and privacy-preserving AI in 6G,supporting intelligent decisionmaking in privacy-sensitive applications.展开更多
The recovery of coseismic 3-dimensional(3D)surface deformation field plays a crucial role in studying seismic source characteristics and earthquake hazards.As of now,there are two main types of methods for recovering ...The recovery of coseismic 3-dimensional(3D)surface deformation field plays a crucial role in studying seismic source characteristics and earthquake hazards.As of now,there are two main types of methods for recovering coseismic 3D surface deformations:the first type is to solve the problem directly by using the least squares method based on observations from three or more viewpoints,and the second type solves the problem by combining ascending and descending In SAR line-of-sight(LOS)observations with constraint models.The former type is mainly applicable to surface rupture earthquakes,because when an earthquake ruptures to the surface,we can usually obtain surface deformation observations from three or more views.The latter type applies to earthquakes that do not cause surface ruptures and have extensive blind faults.Currently,most research focuses on improving the above types of methods.However,some key factors in the coseismic 3D surface deformation inversion are rarely mentioned,such as the influence of window size on the inversion results in the strain model and variance component estimation method(SM-VCE),and whether the outliers in the observational data are considered.So,we developed a new chain of integrating In SAR observation and SM-VCE model to systematically assess the impacts of window size and outliers on coseismic 3D surface deformation inversions.Through simulation experiments,we observed that the selection of window size significantly impacts the accuracy of the results.Specifically,larger window sizes lead to wider residuals ranges in the fault region,resulting in the loss of extreme solution values when using a window of 15×15 pixels(i.e.,7.5 km×7.5 km).Hence,we recommend utilizing windows with 7×7 pixels or 9×9 pixels for optimal accuracy,as larger window sizes diminish the significance of the outcomes.The elimination of points displaying different deformation directions helps reduce residuals and preserves near-field deformation results.Furthermore,the residuals along the 3D direction can be reduced by 10%-30%when a small set of points is selected using a method based on Euclidean distances.However,when 441 points were selected,the vertical residuals increased by 22%compared to 81 points.Integration of the SM-VCE algorithm with robust estimation techniques effectively minimizes far-field deformation errors in data,thereby marginally enhancing the near-field deformation solution.展开更多
A high efficiency and low toxicity radiosensitizer,OsN(PhenOH)Cl_3,was designed and synthesized through substituent regulation.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first osmium-based coordination complex radiosens...A high efficiency and low toxicity radiosensitizer,OsN(PhenOH)Cl_3,was designed and synthesized through substituent regulation.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first osmium-based coordination complex radiosensitizer.The experimental results shown that this radiosensitizer induced G2/M cell cycle arrest mainly through induction of intracellular ROS overproduction.展开更多
The digital twin is the concept of transcending reality,which is the reverse feedback from the real physical space to the virtual digital space.People hold great prospects for this emerging technology.In order to real...The digital twin is the concept of transcending reality,which is the reverse feedback from the real physical space to the virtual digital space.People hold great prospects for this emerging technology.In order to realize the upgrading of the digital twin industrial chain,it is urgent to introduce more modalities,such as vision,haptics,hearing and smell,into the virtual digital space,which assists physical entities and virtual objects in creating a closer connection.Therefore,perceptual understanding and object recognition have become an urgent hot topic in the digital twin.Existing surface material classification schemes often achieve recognition through machine learning or deep learning in a single modality,ignoring the complementarity between multiple modalities.In order to overcome this dilemma,we propose a multimodal fusion network in our article that combines two modalities,visual and haptic,for surface material recognition.On the one hand,the network makes full use of the potential correlations between multiple modalities to deeply mine the modal semantics and complete the data mapping.On the other hand,the network is extensible and can be used as a universal architecture to include more modalities.Experiments show that the constructed multimodal fusion network can achieve 99.42%classification accuracy while reducing complexity.展开更多
Radiotherapy is widely used clinically, but the toxic and side effects of nonselective killing of high-energy radiation limit its application. Finding biocompatible materials to assemble radiotherapy sensitizers and s...Radiotherapy is widely used clinically, but the toxic and side effects of nonselective killing of high-energy radiation limit its application. Finding biocompatible materials to assemble radiotherapy sensitizers and studying their sensitization patterns are of great significance for the clinical application. Here, biocompatible zinc porphyrin was chosen as sub-unit to construct various dimensional coordination frameworks. By employing top-down approach, suitable nanoframeworks with various dimensional zinc porphyrin were synthesized as radiosensitizers. The experimental data showed that high-dimensional zinc porphyrin nanoframeworks exhibit higher X-ray response performance.展开更多
Currently,the extraction of coseismic offset signals primarily relies on earthquake catalog data to determine the occurrence time of earthquakes.This is followed by the process of differencing the average GPS coordina...Currently,the extraction of coseismic offset signals primarily relies on earthquake catalog data to determine the occurrence time of earthquakes.This is followed by the process of differencing the average GPS coordinate time series data,with a time interval of 3 to 5 days before and after the earthquake.In the face of the huge amount of GPS coordinate time series data today,the conventional approach of relying on earthquake catalog data to assist in obtaining coseismic offset signals has become increasingly burdensome.To address this problem,we propose a new method for automatically detecting coseismic offset signals in GPS coordinate time series without an extra earthquake catalog for reference.Firstly,we pre-process the GPS coordinate time series data for filtering out stations with significant observations missing and detecting and removing outliers.Secondly,we eliminate other signals and errors in the GPS coordinate time series,such as trend and seasonal signals,leaving the coseismic offset signals as the primary signal.The resulting coordinate time series is then modeled using the first-order difference and data stacking method.The modeling method enables automatic detection of the coseismic offset signals in the GPS coordinate time series.The aforementioned method is applied to automatically detect coseismic offset signals using simulated data and the Searles Valley GPS data in California,USA.The results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method,successfully detecting coseismic offsets from vast amounts of GPS coordinate time series data.展开更多
In cellular networks, the proximity devices may share files directly without going through the e NBs, which is called Device-to-Device communications(D2D). It has been considered as a potential technological component...In cellular networks, the proximity devices may share files directly without going through the e NBs, which is called Device-to-Device communications(D2D). It has been considered as a potential technological component for the next generation of communication. In this paper, we investigate a novel framework to distribute video files from some other proximity devices through users' media cloud assisted D2 D communication. The main contributions of this work lie in: 1) Providing an efficient algorithm Media Cloud Cluster Selecting Scheme(MCCSS) to achieve the reasonable cluster; 2) Distributing the optimum updating files to the cluster heads, in order to minimize the expected D2 D communication transmission hop for files; 3) Proposing a minimum the hop method, which can ensure the user obtain required file as soon as possible. Extensive simulation results have demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed scheme.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,representing a spectrum of liver disorders from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and cirrhosis,has emerged as one of th...Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,representing a spectrum of liver disorders from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and cirrhosis,has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic liver conditions globally,affecting an estimated approximately 30%of the world's population.Its pathogenesis is highly complex,involving intricate interactions between genetic predisposition,metabolic dysregulation,inflammation,and cellular stress responses.Within this complex landscape,orphan nuclear receptors(ONRs)have gained significant attention.Defined by the lack of identified endogenous ligands,ONRs function as master transcriptional regulators controlling diverse biological processes.Crucially,they play pivotal roles in the development and progression of numerous diseases,including metabolic disorders.This review specifically focuses on elucidating the critical contributions of various ONRs to the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease.We examined how these receptors modulate key pathological drivers:lipid metabolism,inflammation,and autophagy.展开更多
Solute carrier(SLC)family transporters are crucial transmembrane proteins responsible for transporting various molecules,including amino acids,electrolytes,fatty acids,and nucleotides.To date,more than fifty SLC trans...Solute carrier(SLC)family transporters are crucial transmembrane proteins responsible for transporting various molecules,including amino acids,electrolytes,fatty acids,and nucleotides.To date,more than fifty SLC transporter subfamilies have been identified,many of which are linked to the progression of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.These conditions are often caused by factors such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,which are major contributors to the global liver disease burden.The activity of SLC members regulates the transport of substrates across biological membranes,playing key roles in lipid synthesis and metabolism,mitochondrial function,and ferroptosis.These processes,in turn,influence the function of hepatocytes,hepatic stellate cells,and macrophages,thereby contributing to the development of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.Additionally,some SLC transporters are involved in drug transport,acting as critical regulators of drug-induced hepatic steatosis.Beyond substrate transport,certain SLC members also exhibit additional functions.Given the pivotal role of the SLC family in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,this review aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms through which SLC transporters influence these conditions.展开更多
The generation of power semiconductor devicesdefinesa generation of power electronicconverters.The efficiency and switching speed of power devices continue to improve,leading to higher converter operating frequenciesa...The generation of power semiconductor devicesdefinesa generation of power electronicconverters.The efficiency and switching speed of power devices continue to improve,leading to higher converter operating frequenciesand a continuous increase in power density.In particular,the emergence and widespread application of wide-bandgap power devices,such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride,have accelerated the process of high-frequencyconverter operations,significantly improving the power density of converters,whichstillhaveconsiderable room forimprovement.One significant change brought about by high-frequency operation of converters is the increased impact of parasiticson circuit operation.With the significant increase in the system switching frequency and the dv/dtanddi/dtof device switching,parasiticshave a greaterinfluenceon circuitoperation.Over the past decade,severalstudieson the analysisand modeling ofparasitics have been published for various devicesin converters,such as transformers,inductors,capacitors,and power devices;however,there is currently a lack of a comprehensive review to summarize the aboveresearch.Adetailed summary of parasiticsin power electronic convertersis included,providinga systematic understanding of past work and future prospects.展开更多
The presence of hypoxia in solid tumors is a significant factor limiting the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment.With the continuous development of tumor therapy,catalytic oxygen generat...The presence of hypoxia in solid tumors is a significant factor limiting the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment.With the continuous development of tumor therapy,catalytic oxygen generation strategies have garnered considerable attention due to their efficiency and multifunctionality.In this article,we review the types of catalytic oxygen generation reactions,catalyst categories,and combined therapeutic strategies used in tumor treatment.By comparing the physicochemical properties and oxygen generation performance of different materials,and analyzing the integration of catalytic oxygen generation systems with various tumor treatment strategies,we summarize the challenges in improving tumor hypoxia via catalytic oxygen generation to enhance cancer therapy.This review aims to provide a reference for the development of more efficient,safe,and clinically promising catalytic oxygen generation-based synergistic anti-tumor strategies.展开更多
Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic methods for cancers;however,nonselective killing of normal cells and tumor cells by X-ray inevitably results in toxicity and side effects.Developing low-toxicity and high-ef...Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic methods for cancers;however,nonselective killing of normal cells and tumor cells by X-ray inevitably results in toxicity and side effects.Developing low-toxicity and high-efficiency radiosensitizers to reduce the practical dose of X-ray is a promising approach to overcoming these side effects.Here,we report the use of carboxylatecontaining organic ligands to construct one-dimensional high-Z lanthanide chains for efficient response to X-ray.The onedimensional lanthanide chains are stacked through weak interactions to form coordination nanoframeworks in the presence of polyethylenimine(PEI).The morphology and activity of the synthesized nanoframeworks can be regulated through selenium atom engineering.This study presents a promising approach for effective radiotherapy through selenium-engineering stable lanthanide nanoframeworks with precise coordination structures as radiosensitizers to mitigate X-ray side effects.展开更多
Antibacterial protein hydrogels are receiving increasing attention in the aspect of bacteria-infected-wound healing. However, bacterial drug resistance and biofilm infections lead to hard healing of wounds, thus the c...Antibacterial protein hydrogels are receiving increasing attention in the aspect of bacteria-infected-wound healing. However, bacterial drug resistance and biofilm infections lead to hard healing of wounds, thus the construction of biological agents that can overcome these issues is essential. Here, a simple and universal method to construct antibiotic-free protein hydrogel with excellent biocompatibility and superior antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria and biofilms was developed. The green industrial microbicide tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) as cross-linking agent can be quickly cross-linked with model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form antibacterial hydrogel through simple mixing without any other initiators, subsequently promoting drug-resistance bacteria-infected wound healing. This simple gelatinization strategy allows at least ten different proteins to form hydrogels (e.g. BSA, human serum albumin (HSA), egg albumin, chymotrypsin, trypsin, lysozyme, transferrin, myohemoglobin, hemoglobin, and phycocyanin) under the same conditions, showing prominent universality. Furthermore, drug-resistance bacteria and biofilm could be efficiently destroyed by the representative BSA hydrogel (B-Hydrogel) with antibacterial activity, overcoming biofilm-induced bacterial resistance. The in vivo study demonstrated that the B-Hydrogel as wound dressing can promote reepithelization to accelerate the healing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected skin wounds without inducing significant side-effect. This readily accessible antibiotic-free protein-based hydrogel not only opens an avenue to provide a facile, feasible and general gelation strategy, but also exhibits promising application in hospital and community MRSA disinfection and treatment.展开更多
With the rapid development of research on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),more and more attention has been drawn to its damage to extrapulmonary organs.There are increasing lines of evidence showing that liver inju...With the rapid development of research on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),more and more attention has been drawn to its damage to extrapulmonary organs.There are increasing lines of evidence showing that liver injury is closely related to the severity of COVID-19,which may have an adverse impact on the progression and prognosis of the patients.What is more,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection,cytokine storm,ischemia/hypoxia reperfusion injury,aggravation of the primary liver disease and drug-induced liver injury may all contribute to the hepatic damage in COVID-19 patients;although,the drug-induced liver injury,especially idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury,requires further causality confirmation by the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method published in 2016.Up to now,there is no specific regimen for COVID-19,and COVID-19-related liver injury is mainly controlled by symptomatic and supportive treatment.Here,we review the clinical features of abnormal liver enzymes in COVID-19 and pathogenesis of COVID-19-related liver injury based on the current evidence,which may provide help for clinicians and researchers in exploring the pathogenesis and developing treatment strategies.展开更多
Recently, the development of the Metaverse has become a frontier spotlight, which is an important demonstration of the integration innovation of advanced technologies in the Internet. Moreover, artificial intelligence...Recently, the development of the Metaverse has become a frontier spotlight, which is an important demonstration of the integration innovation of advanced technologies in the Internet. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) and 6G communications will be widely used in our daily lives. However, the effective interactions with the representations of multimodal data among users via 6G communications is the main challenge in the Metaverse. In this work, we introduce an intelligent cross-modal graph semantic communication approach based on generative AI and 3-dimensional (3D) point clouds to improve the diversity of multimodal representations in the Metaverse. Using a graph neural network, multimodal data can be recorded by key semantic features related to the real scenarios. Then, we compress the semantic features using a graph transformer encoder at the transmitter, which can extract the semantic representations through the cross-modal attention mechanisms. Next, we leverage a graph semantic validation mechanism to guarantee the exactness of the overall data at the receiver. Furthermore, we adopt generative AI to regenerate multimodal data in virtual scenarios. Simultaneously, a novel 3D generative reconstruction network is constructed from the 3D point clouds, which can transfer the data from images to 3D models, and we infer the multimodal data into the 3D models to increase realism in virtual scenarios. Finally, the experiment results demonstrate that cross-modal graph semantic communication, assisted by generative AI, has substantial potential for enhancing user interactions in the 6G communications and Metaverse.展开更多
The search of highly efficient drugs for overcoming cancer drug resistance continues to be a challenge for scientists.Constructing a metal drug based in situ oxidation-state transition system to disturb the redox bala...The search of highly efficient drugs for overcoming cancer drug resistance continues to be a challenge for scientists.Constructing a metal drug based in situ oxidation-state transition system to disturb the redox balance in cancer cells is a promising approach for overcoming cancer drug resistance.Inspired by natural redox-active copper enzyme centers,we developed a Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) in situ transition system in this work.Through atom engineering,we fine-tuned the thermodynamic stability of this system to investigate its anticancer activity.The results indicated that the synthetic Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) system could under-go in situ transition in vitro and in vivo,to disrupt the intracellular redox balance and trigger mitochondrial dysfunction and G2/M arrest,leading to apoptosis and overcoming cancer drug resistance.This study presents a feasible way to overcome cancer drug resistance by designing an in situ oxidation-state transition metal drug system.展开更多
Microscopic colitis(MC)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and as a relatively late recognized condition,its relationship with other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract is gradually being unde...Microscopic colitis(MC)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and as a relatively late recognized condition,its relationship with other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract is gradually being understood and investigated.As a multifactorial disease,MC interacts with inflammatory bowel disease,celiac disease,and irritable bowel syndrome through genetic overlap,immunological factors,and gut microflora.The risk of colorectal cancer was significantly lower in MC,gastrointestinal infections increased the risk of developing MC,and there was an inverse association between Helicobacter pylori infection and MC.A variety of associations are found between MC and other gastrointestinal disorders,where aspects such as genetic effects,resemblance of immunological profiles,and intestinal microecology are potential mechanisms behind the relationships.Clinicians should be aware of these connections to achieve a better understanding and management of MC.展开更多
基金supported in part by the Research and Development Project of China Railway Information Technology Group under Grant WJZG-CKY-2024040(2024P01)the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China under Grant 62272100the Consulting Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering under Grant 2023-XY-09。
文摘The advent of 6G networks is poised to drive a new era of intelligent,privacy-preserving distributed learning by leveraging advanced communication and AI-driven edge intelligence.Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training without exposing raw data.However,its deployment in 6G networks faces significant obstacles,including vulnerabilities to inference attacks,the complexities of heterogeneous and dynamic network environments,and the inherent trade-off between privacy protection and model performance.In response to these challenges,we introduce DP-Fed6G,a novel FL framework that integrates differential privacy(DP)to fortify data security while ensuring high-quality learning outcomes.Specifically,DPFed6G employs an adaptive noise injection strategy that dynamically adjusts privacy protection levels based on real-time 6G network conditions and device heterogeneity,ensuring robust data security while maximizing model performance and optimizing the trade-off between privacy and utility.Extensive experiments on three real-world healthcare datasets demonstrate that DP-Fed6G consistently outperforms existing baselines(DP-Fed SGD and DPFed Avg),achieving up to 10.3%higher test accuracy under the same privacy budget.The proposed framework thus provides a practical solution for secure and privacy-preserving AI in 6G,supporting intelligent decisionmaking in privacy-sensitive applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science of Foundation of China(42104008,42204006)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20232BAB213075)the Open Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(grant 230100019,230100020)。
文摘The recovery of coseismic 3-dimensional(3D)surface deformation field plays a crucial role in studying seismic source characteristics and earthquake hazards.As of now,there are two main types of methods for recovering coseismic 3D surface deformations:the first type is to solve the problem directly by using the least squares method based on observations from three or more viewpoints,and the second type solves the problem by combining ascending and descending In SAR line-of-sight(LOS)observations with constraint models.The former type is mainly applicable to surface rupture earthquakes,because when an earthquake ruptures to the surface,we can usually obtain surface deformation observations from three or more views.The latter type applies to earthquakes that do not cause surface ruptures and have extensive blind faults.Currently,most research focuses on improving the above types of methods.However,some key factors in the coseismic 3D surface deformation inversion are rarely mentioned,such as the influence of window size on the inversion results in the strain model and variance component estimation method(SM-VCE),and whether the outliers in the observational data are considered.So,we developed a new chain of integrating In SAR observation and SM-VCE model to systematically assess the impacts of window size and outliers on coseismic 3D surface deformation inversions.Through simulation experiments,we observed that the selection of window size significantly impacts the accuracy of the results.Specifically,larger window sizes lead to wider residuals ranges in the fault region,resulting in the loss of extreme solution values when using a window of 15×15 pixels(i.e.,7.5 km×7.5 km).Hence,we recommend utilizing windows with 7×7 pixels or 9×9 pixels for optimal accuracy,as larger window sizes diminish the significance of the outcomes.The elimination of points displaying different deformation directions helps reduce residuals and preserves near-field deformation results.Furthermore,the residuals along the 3D direction can be reduced by 10%-30%when a small set of points is selected using a method based on Euclidean distances.However,when 441 points were selected,the vertical residuals increased by 22%compared to 81 points.Integration of the SM-VCE algorithm with robust estimation techniques effectively minimizes far-field deformation errors in data,thereby marginally enhancing the near-field deformation solution.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21701054,21877049)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(No.2017A030310409)+6 种基金the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province(No.2017KF06)Major Program for Tackling Key Problems of Industrial Technology in Guangzhou(No.201902020013)Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou(No.201906010077)Dedicated Fund for Promoting High-Quality Marine Economic Development in Guangdong Province(Nos.GDOE-2019-A31,2020-035)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Fund of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and ApplicationsK.C.Wong Education Foundation。
文摘A high efficiency and low toxicity radiosensitizer,OsN(PhenOH)Cl_3,was designed and synthesized through substituent regulation.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first osmium-based coordination complex radiosensitizer.The experimental results shown that this radiosensitizer induced G2/M cell cycle arrest mainly through induction of intracellular ROS overproduction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62001246,62001248,62171232)Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province Key project and topics under Grant BE2021095+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Higher Education Institutions(20KJB510020)the Future Network Scientific Research Fund Project(FNSRFP-2021-YB-16)the open research fund of Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology(JZNY202110)the NUPTSF under Grant(NY220070).
文摘The digital twin is the concept of transcending reality,which is the reverse feedback from the real physical space to the virtual digital space.People hold great prospects for this emerging technology.In order to realize the upgrading of the digital twin industrial chain,it is urgent to introduce more modalities,such as vision,haptics,hearing and smell,into the virtual digital space,which assists physical entities and virtual objects in creating a closer connection.Therefore,perceptual understanding and object recognition have become an urgent hot topic in the digital twin.Existing surface material classification schemes often achieve recognition through machine learning or deep learning in a single modality,ignoring the complementarity between multiple modalities.In order to overcome this dilemma,we propose a multimodal fusion network in our article that combines two modalities,visual and haptic,for surface material recognition.On the one hand,the network makes full use of the potential correlations between multiple modalities to deeply mine the modal semantics and complete the data mapping.On the other hand,the network is extensible and can be used as a universal architecture to include more modalities.Experiments show that the constructed multimodal fusion network can achieve 99.42%classification accuracy while reducing complexity.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21877049, 22177038, 32171296)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 2020B1515120043, 2022A1515012235)+2 种基金Major Program for Tackling Key Problems of Industrial Technology in Guangzhou (Nos. 201902020013)Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program (No. 2017GC010354)Innovation Team Project in Guangdong Colleges and Universities (Nos. 2019KCXTD008, 2019KTSCX012)。
文摘Radiotherapy is widely used clinically, but the toxic and side effects of nonselective killing of high-energy radiation limit its application. Finding biocompatible materials to assemble radiotherapy sensitizers and studying their sensitization patterns are of great significance for the clinical application. Here, biocompatible zinc porphyrin was chosen as sub-unit to construct various dimensional coordination frameworks. By employing top-down approach, suitable nanoframeworks with various dimensional zinc porphyrin were synthesized as radiosensitizers. The experimental data showed that high-dimensional zinc porphyrin nanoframeworks exhibit higher X-ray response performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42104008,42204006,41904031)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20232BAB213075)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory for Digital Land and Resources of Jiangxi Province,East China University of Technology(DLLJ202016)Open Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(No.230100020,230100019)。
文摘Currently,the extraction of coseismic offset signals primarily relies on earthquake catalog data to determine the occurrence time of earthquakes.This is followed by the process of differencing the average GPS coordinate time series data,with a time interval of 3 to 5 days before and after the earthquake.In the face of the huge amount of GPS coordinate time series data today,the conventional approach of relying on earthquake catalog data to assist in obtaining coseismic offset signals has become increasingly burdensome.To address this problem,we propose a new method for automatically detecting coseismic offset signals in GPS coordinate time series without an extra earthquake catalog for reference.Firstly,we pre-process the GPS coordinate time series data for filtering out stations with significant observations missing and detecting and removing outliers.Secondly,we eliminate other signals and errors in the GPS coordinate time series,such as trend and seasonal signals,leaving the coseismic offset signals as the primary signal.The resulting coordinate time series is then modeled using the first-order difference and data stacking method.The modeling method enables automatic detection of the coseismic offset signals in the GPS coordinate time series.The aforementioned method is applied to automatically detect coseismic offset signals using simulated data and the Searles Valley GPS data in California,USA.The results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method,successfully detecting coseismic offsets from vast amounts of GPS coordinate time series data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61322104,61571240)the State Key Development Program of Basic Research of China(2013CB329005)+3 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe University Natural Science Research Foundation of Anhui Province(No.KJ2015A105,No.KJ2015A092)The open research fund of Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology(Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications),Ministry of Education(NYKL201509)The open research fund of the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks,Xidian University(ISN17-04)
文摘In cellular networks, the proximity devices may share files directly without going through the e NBs, which is called Device-to-Device communications(D2D). It has been considered as a potential technological component for the next generation of communication. In this paper, we investigate a novel framework to distribute video files from some other proximity devices through users' media cloud assisted D2 D communication. The main contributions of this work lie in: 1) Providing an efficient algorithm Media Cloud Cluster Selecting Scheme(MCCSS) to achieve the reasonable cluster; 2) Distributing the optimum updating files to the cluster heads, in order to minimize the expected D2 D communication transmission hop for files; 3) Proposing a minimum the hop method, which can ensure the user obtain required file as soon as possible. Extensive simulation results have demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2507405)the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University(JCRCFZ-2022-017).
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,representing a spectrum of liver disorders from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and cirrhosis,has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic liver conditions globally,affecting an estimated approximately 30%of the world's population.Its pathogenesis is highly complex,involving intricate interactions between genetic predisposition,metabolic dysregulation,inflammation,and cellular stress responses.Within this complex landscape,orphan nuclear receptors(ONRs)have gained significant attention.Defined by the lack of identified endogenous ligands,ONRs function as master transcriptional regulators controlling diverse biological processes.Crucially,they play pivotal roles in the development and progression of numerous diseases,including metabolic disorders.This review specifically focuses on elucidating the critical contributions of various ONRs to the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease.We examined how these receptors modulate key pathological drivers:lipid metabolism,inflammation,and autophagy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2507405)to MCthe Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University(JCRCFZ-2022-017)to MC.
文摘Solute carrier(SLC)family transporters are crucial transmembrane proteins responsible for transporting various molecules,including amino acids,electrolytes,fatty acids,and nucleotides.To date,more than fifty SLC transporter subfamilies have been identified,many of which are linked to the progression of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.These conditions are often caused by factors such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,which are major contributors to the global liver disease burden.The activity of SLC members regulates the transport of substrates across biological membranes,playing key roles in lipid synthesis and metabolism,mitochondrial function,and ferroptosis.These processes,in turn,influence the function of hepatocytes,hepatic stellate cells,and macrophages,thereby contributing to the development of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.Additionally,some SLC transporters are involved in drug transport,acting as critical regulators of drug-induced hepatic steatosis.Beyond substrate transport,certain SLC members also exhibit additional functions.Given the pivotal role of the SLC family in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,this review aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms through which SLC transporters influence these conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52077051).
文摘The generation of power semiconductor devicesdefinesa generation of power electronicconverters.The efficiency and switching speed of power devices continue to improve,leading to higher converter operating frequenciesand a continuous increase in power density.In particular,the emergence and widespread application of wide-bandgap power devices,such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride,have accelerated the process of high-frequencyconverter operations,significantly improving the power density of converters,whichstillhaveconsiderable room forimprovement.One significant change brought about by high-frequency operation of converters is the increased impact of parasiticson circuit operation.With the significant increase in the system switching frequency and the dv/dtanddi/dtof device switching,parasiticshave a greaterinfluenceon circuitoperation.Over the past decade,severalstudieson the analysisand modeling ofparasitics have been published for various devicesin converters,such as transformers,inductors,capacitors,and power devices;however,there is currently a lack of a comprehensive review to summarize the aboveresearch.Adetailed summary of parasiticsin power electronic convertersis included,providinga systematic understanding of past work and future prospects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22177038,82372103,21877049,32171296)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.82225025)+1 种基金China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent(No.BX20240141)K.C.Wong Education Foundation.
文摘The presence of hypoxia in solid tumors is a significant factor limiting the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment.With the continuous development of tumor therapy,catalytic oxygen generation strategies have garnered considerable attention due to their efficiency and multifunctionality.In this article,we review the types of catalytic oxygen generation reactions,catalyst categories,and combined therapeutic strategies used in tumor treatment.By comparing the physicochemical properties and oxygen generation performance of different materials,and analyzing the integration of catalytic oxygen generation systems with various tumor treatment strategies,we summarize the challenges in improving tumor hypoxia via catalytic oxygen generation to enhance cancer therapy.This review aims to provide a reference for the development of more efficient,safe,and clinically promising catalytic oxygen generation-based synergistic anti-tumor strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21877049,22177038,and 32171296)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2022A1515012235 and 2020B1515120043)+1 种基金Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program(No.2017GC010354)Innovation Team Project in Guangdong Colleges and Universities(Nos.2019KCXTD008 and 2019KTSCX012).
文摘Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic methods for cancers;however,nonselective killing of normal cells and tumor cells by X-ray inevitably results in toxicity and side effects.Developing low-toxicity and high-efficiency radiosensitizers to reduce the practical dose of X-ray is a promising approach to overcoming these side effects.Here,we report the use of carboxylatecontaining organic ligands to construct one-dimensional high-Z lanthanide chains for efficient response to X-ray.The onedimensional lanthanide chains are stacked through weak interactions to form coordination nanoframeworks in the presence of polyethylenimine(PEI).The morphology and activity of the synthesized nanoframeworks can be regulated through selenium atom engineering.This study presents a promising approach for effective radiotherapy through selenium-engineering stable lanthanide nanoframeworks with precise coordination structures as radiosensitizers to mitigate X-ray side effects.
基金Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Anesthesiology-Basic Scientist Grant(No.2420 BPA075,W.T.)Center for Nanomedicine Research Fund(No.2019A014810,W.T.)+5 种基金Gillian Reny Stepping Strong Center for Trauma Innovation Breakthrough Innovator Award(No.113548,W.T.)Nanotechnology Foundation(No.2022A002721,W.T.)Farokhzad Family Distinguished Chair Foundation(W.T.)Khoury Innovation Award(No.2020A003219,W.T.)and American Heart Association(AHA)Collaborative Sciences Award(No.2018A004190,W.T.).J.O.was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M683173).
文摘Antibacterial protein hydrogels are receiving increasing attention in the aspect of bacteria-infected-wound healing. However, bacterial drug resistance and biofilm infections lead to hard healing of wounds, thus the construction of biological agents that can overcome these issues is essential. Here, a simple and universal method to construct antibiotic-free protein hydrogel with excellent biocompatibility and superior antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria and biofilms was developed. The green industrial microbicide tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) as cross-linking agent can be quickly cross-linked with model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form antibacterial hydrogel through simple mixing without any other initiators, subsequently promoting drug-resistance bacteria-infected wound healing. This simple gelatinization strategy allows at least ten different proteins to form hydrogels (e.g. BSA, human serum albumin (HSA), egg albumin, chymotrypsin, trypsin, lysozyme, transferrin, myohemoglobin, hemoglobin, and phycocyanin) under the same conditions, showing prominent universality. Furthermore, drug-resistance bacteria and biofilm could be efficiently destroyed by the representative BSA hydrogel (B-Hydrogel) with antibacterial activity, overcoming biofilm-induced bacterial resistance. The in vivo study demonstrated that the B-Hydrogel as wound dressing can promote reepithelization to accelerate the healing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected skin wounds without inducing significant side-effect. This readily accessible antibiotic-free protein-based hydrogel not only opens an avenue to provide a facile, feasible and general gelation strategy, but also exhibits promising application in hospital and community MRSA disinfection and treatment.
基金This work was supported by the Hubei Province Key Research and Development Project(No.2020BCB007).
文摘With the rapid development of research on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),more and more attention has been drawn to its damage to extrapulmonary organs.There are increasing lines of evidence showing that liver injury is closely related to the severity of COVID-19,which may have an adverse impact on the progression and prognosis of the patients.What is more,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection,cytokine storm,ischemia/hypoxia reperfusion injury,aggravation of the primary liver disease and drug-induced liver injury may all contribute to the hepatic damage in COVID-19 patients;although,the drug-induced liver injury,especially idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury,requires further causality confirmation by the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method published in 2016.Up to now,there is no specific regimen for COVID-19,and COVID-19-related liver injury is mainly controlled by symptomatic and supportive treatment.Here,we review the clinical features of abnormal liver enzymes in COVID-19 and pathogenesis of COVID-19-related liver injury based on the current evidence,which may provide help for clinicians and researchers in exploring the pathogenesis and developing treatment strategies.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62001246, 62231017, 62201277, and 62071255)Key R and D Program of Jiangsu Province Key project and topics under Grants BE2021095 and BE2023035+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20220390the Natural Science Research Startup Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (Grant No. NY221011)The Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BE2023087)the major projects of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education institutions (20KJA510009).
文摘Recently, the development of the Metaverse has become a frontier spotlight, which is an important demonstration of the integration innovation of advanced technologies in the Internet. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) and 6G communications will be widely used in our daily lives. However, the effective interactions with the representations of multimodal data among users via 6G communications is the main challenge in the Metaverse. In this work, we introduce an intelligent cross-modal graph semantic communication approach based on generative AI and 3-dimensional (3D) point clouds to improve the diversity of multimodal representations in the Metaverse. Using a graph neural network, multimodal data can be recorded by key semantic features related to the real scenarios. Then, we compress the semantic features using a graph transformer encoder at the transmitter, which can extract the semantic representations through the cross-modal attention mechanisms. Next, we leverage a graph semantic validation mechanism to guarantee the exactness of the overall data at the receiver. Furthermore, we adopt generative AI to regenerate multimodal data in virtual scenarios. Simultaneously, a novel 3D generative reconstruction network is constructed from the 3D point clouds, which can transfer the data from images to 3D models, and we infer the multimodal data into the 3D models to increase realism in virtual scenarios. Finally, the experiment results demonstrate that cross-modal graph semantic communication, assisted by generative AI, has substantial potential for enhancing user interactions in the 6G communications and Metaverse.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (21877049,22177038,32171296)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (2020B1515120043,2022A1515012235)+2 种基金the Major Program for Tackling Key Problems of Industrial Technology in Guangzhou (201902020013)Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program(2017GC010354)the Innovation Team Project in Guangdong Colleges and Universities (2019KCXTD008,2019KTSCX012)
文摘The search of highly efficient drugs for overcoming cancer drug resistance continues to be a challenge for scientists.Constructing a metal drug based in situ oxidation-state transition system to disturb the redox balance in cancer cells is a promising approach for overcoming cancer drug resistance.Inspired by natural redox-active copper enzyme centers,we developed a Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) in situ transition system in this work.Through atom engineering,we fine-tuned the thermodynamic stability of this system to investigate its anticancer activity.The results indicated that the synthetic Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) system could under-go in situ transition in vitro and in vivo,to disrupt the intracellular redox balance and trigger mitochondrial dysfunction and G2/M arrest,leading to apoptosis and overcoming cancer drug resistance.This study presents a feasible way to overcome cancer drug resistance by designing an in situ oxidation-state transition metal drug system.
文摘Microscopic colitis(MC)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and as a relatively late recognized condition,its relationship with other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract is gradually being understood and investigated.As a multifactorial disease,MC interacts with inflammatory bowel disease,celiac disease,and irritable bowel syndrome through genetic overlap,immunological factors,and gut microflora.The risk of colorectal cancer was significantly lower in MC,gastrointestinal infections increased the risk of developing MC,and there was an inverse association between Helicobacter pylori infection and MC.A variety of associations are found between MC and other gastrointestinal disorders,where aspects such as genetic effects,resemblance of immunological profiles,and intestinal microecology are potential mechanisms behind the relationships.Clinicians should be aware of these connections to achieve a better understanding and management of MC.
