Objective:To observe the guiding role of image navigation technology in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis.Methods:A total of 188 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and rifampin-resistant t...Objective:To observe the guiding role of image navigation technology in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis.Methods:A total of 188 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis(RR-TB)who were hospitalized in the hospital from September 2023 to September 2024 were included.After random equal division,94 patients were included in the control group and received systemic anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy;94 patients were included in the treatment group.Based on systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment,digital subtraction angiography(DSA)technology was used to inject targeted drugs into the bronchial lumen through bronchoscopy to complete anti-tuberculosis treatment.The changes in sputum bacteria and imaging were observed in the two groups.Results:The sputum negative conversion rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(86.2%;70.2%)(u=2.74,P<0.01).The absorption rate of CT imaging lesions(significant absorption)was significantly higher than that of the control group(83.0%;50%)(u=2.45,P<0.05).The closure rate of chest CT cavities was significantly higher than that of the control group(74.2%;39.1%)(u=2.20,P<0.05).During the treatment process,the improvement of clinical symptoms was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(x^(2)=0.434,P>0.05).Conclusion:Based on DSA,targeted drug infusion within the bronchoscope can significantly improve the efficacy of the disease,with mild adverse reactions that patients can tolerate.It is worthy of promotion and application.展开更多
＂Click chemistry＂ is, by definition, a general functionalization methodology （GFM） and its marriage with living anionic polymerization is particularly powerful in precise macromolecular synthesis. This paper repor...＂Click chemistry＂ is, by definition, a general functionalization methodology （GFM） and its marriage with living anionic polymerization is particularly powerful in precise macromolecular synthesis. This paper reports the synthesis of a ＂clickable＂ middle-chain azide-functionalized polystyrene （mPS-N3） by anionic polymerization and its application in the preparation of novel shape amphiphiles based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane （POSS）. The mPS-N3 was synthesized by coupling living poly（styryl）lithium chains （PSLi） with 3-chloropropylmethyldichlorosilane and subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the chloro group in the presence of sodium azide. Excess PSLi was end-capped with ethylene oxide to facilitate its removal by flash chromatography. The raPS-N3 was then derived into a giant lipid-like shape amphiphile in two steps following a sequential ＂click＂ strategy. The copper（I）-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between mPS-N3 and alkyne-functionalized vinyl-substituted POSS derivative （VPOSS-alkyne） ensured quantitative ligation to give polystyrene with VPOSS tethered at the middle of the chain （mPS-VPOSS）. The thiol-ene reaction with 1-thioglycerol transforms the vinyl groups on the POSS periphery to hydroxyls, resulting in an amphiphilic shape amphiphile, mPS-DPOSS. This synthetic approach is highly efficient and modular. It demonstrates the ＂click＂ philosophy of facile complex molecule construction from a library of simple building blocks and also suggests that mPS-N3 can be used as a versatile ＂clickable＂ motif in polymer science for the precise synthesis of complex macromolecules.展开更多
The Swarm satellite mission was launched on 22 November 2013,it is the first European Space Agency’s constellation of three satellites,dedicated to monitoring geomagnetic field changes.The measurements delivered by t...The Swarm satellite mission was launched on 22 November 2013,it is the first European Space Agency’s constellation of three satellites,dedicated to monitoring geomagnetic field changes.The measurements delivered by the three satellites are very valuable for a range of applications,including the earthquake prediction study.However,for more than 5 years,relatively little advancement has been achieved in establishing a systematic approach for detecting anomalies from the satellite measurements for predicting earthquakes.This paper presents the challenges of developing a pragmatic framework for automatic anomaly detection and highlights innovative features of functional components developed.Through a case study we demonstrate a functionality pipeline of the system in detecting anomalies,and present our solutions to coping with data sparsity and parameter tuning as well as insights into the differences between discovering seismic anomalies from periodic and non-periodic data observed by the Swarm satellites.展开更多
In the realm of soft matter,the self-assembly of giant molecules into predefined spherical packing super-lattices offers a promising avenue for creating mate-rials with specific functionalities.In this work,we leverag...In the realm of soft matter,the self-assembly of giant molecules into predefined spherical packing super-lattices offers a promising avenue for creating mate-rials with specific functionalities.In this work,we leverage mesoatomic engineering of giant molecular clusters to construct complex alloy superlattices,carefully tailoring structural parameters such as branching density,linker rigidity,and molecular interactions.Our approach led to the controlled formation of spherical mesoatoms,which organize into superlattices,including Frank-Kasper(FK)and quasicrystalline phases.Integrating experimental analysis with molecular dynamics simulations,we elucidated quantitative relationships that span from molecular structures and mesoatomic config-urations to the resulting superlattice architectures.This exploration advances our understanding of mesoatomic manipulation as a pivotal tool for super-lattice engineering,thereby laying the groundwork for the design of metamaterials with predefined properties and enhanced functionalities.展开更多
Creation of diverse ordered nanostructures via self-assembly of macromolecules is a promising "bottom-up" approach towards next-generation nanofabrication technologies. It is therefore of critical importance...Creation of diverse ordered nanostructures via self-assembly of macromolecules is a promising "bottom-up" approach towards next-generation nanofabrication technologies. It is therefore of critical importance to explore the possibilities to form new self-assembled phases in soft matter systems. In this review, we summarized recent advances on the identification of several unconventional spherical phases in the self-assembly of functional macromolecules, including Frank-Kasper(F-K) phases and quasicrystals originally observed in metal alloys. We believe that these results provide a new strategy towards the rational design of novel functional materials with hierarchically ordered structures.展开更多
Highly stretchable and robust strain sensors are rapidly emerging as promising candidates for a diverse of wearable electronics.The main challenge for the practical application of wearable electronics is the energy co...Highly stretchable and robust strain sensors are rapidly emerging as promising candidates for a diverse of wearable electronics.The main challenge for the practical application of wearable electronics is the energy consumption and device aging.Energy consumption mainly depends on the conductivity of the sensor,and it is a key factor in determining device aging.Here,we design a liq-uid metal(LM)-embedded hydrogel as a sensing material to overcome the bar-rier of energy consumption and device aging of wearable electronics.The sensing material simultaneously exhibits high conductivity(up to 22 S m�1),low elastic modulus(23 kPa),and ultrahigh stretchability(1500%)with excel-lent robustness(consistent performance against 12000 mechanical cycling).A motion monitoring system is composed of intrinsically soft LM-embedded hydrogel as sensing material,a microcontroller,signal-processing circuits,Bluetooth transceiver,and self-organizing map developed software for the visu-alization of multi-dimensional data.This system integrating multiple functions including signal conditioning,processing,and wireless transmission achieves monitor hand gesture as well as sign-to-verbal translation.This approach provides an ideal strategy for deaf-mute communicating with normal people and broadens the application of wearable electronics.展开更多
Naturally,subtle variations in the chemical structures of constituent molecules may significantly affect their multiscale spatial arrangements,properties,and functions.Deceptively simple spherical assemblies supply an...Naturally,subtle variations in the chemical structures of constituent molecules may significantly affect their multiscale spatial arrangements,properties,and functions.Deceptively simple spherical assemblies supply an ideal platform to investigate how subtle chemical differences affect hierarchically assembled structures.Here,the authors report two sets of nanosized shape amphiphiles,which were constructed by a triphenylene core and six polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cages peripherally grafted through linkers.The slight differences in these samples are merely several methylene units in their linkers,including several pairs of constituent isomers.These nanosized shape amphiphiles self-assemble into a variety of unconventional spherical packing structures,which include the Frank-Kasperσphase and dodecagonal quasicrystal.Several types of unconventional phase transitions were systematically investigated.The authors alternated the conventional columnar phases of discotic molecules to unconventional spherical packing phases.These unconventional structures may shed light into discovering discotic mesogens-based materials with new properties and functions.展开更多
基金Science and Education Department Harbin Health Committee Project。
文摘Objective:To observe the guiding role of image navigation technology in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis.Methods:A total of 188 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis(RR-TB)who were hospitalized in the hospital from September 2023 to September 2024 were included.After random equal division,94 patients were included in the control group and received systemic anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy;94 patients were included in the treatment group.Based on systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment,digital subtraction angiography(DSA)technology was used to inject targeted drugs into the bronchial lumen through bronchoscopy to complete anti-tuberculosis treatment.The changes in sputum bacteria and imaging were observed in the two groups.Results:The sputum negative conversion rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(86.2%;70.2%)(u=2.74,P<0.01).The absorption rate of CT imaging lesions(significant absorption)was significantly higher than that of the control group(83.0%;50%)(u=2.45,P<0.05).The closure rate of chest CT cavities was significantly higher than that of the control group(74.2%;39.1%)(u=2.20,P<0.05).During the treatment process,the improvement of clinical symptoms was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(x^(2)=0.434,P>0.05).Conclusion:Based on DSA,targeted drug infusion within the bronchoscope can significantly improve the efficacy of the disease,with mild adverse reactions that patients can tolerate.It is worthy of promotion and application.
文摘＂Click chemistry＂ is, by definition, a general functionalization methodology （GFM） and its marriage with living anionic polymerization is particularly powerful in precise macromolecular synthesis. This paper reports the synthesis of a ＂clickable＂ middle-chain azide-functionalized polystyrene （mPS-N3） by anionic polymerization and its application in the preparation of novel shape amphiphiles based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane （POSS）. The mPS-N3 was synthesized by coupling living poly（styryl）lithium chains （PSLi） with 3-chloropropylmethyldichlorosilane and subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the chloro group in the presence of sodium azide. Excess PSLi was end-capped with ethylene oxide to facilitate its removal by flash chromatography. The raPS-N3 was then derived into a giant lipid-like shape amphiphile in two steps following a sequential ＂click＂ strategy. The copper（I）-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between mPS-N3 and alkyne-functionalized vinyl-substituted POSS derivative （VPOSS-alkyne） ensured quantitative ligation to give polystyrene with VPOSS tethered at the middle of the chain （mPS-VPOSS）. The thiol-ene reaction with 1-thioglycerol transforms the vinyl groups on the POSS periphery to hydroxyls, resulting in an amphiphilic shape amphiphile, mPS-DPOSS. This synthetic approach is highly efficient and modular. It demonstrates the ＂click＂ philosophy of facile complex molecule construction from a library of simple building blocks and also suggests that mPS-N3 can be used as a versatile ＂clickable＂ motif in polymer science for the precise synthesis of complex macromolecules.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41374077)。
文摘The Swarm satellite mission was launched on 22 November 2013,it is the first European Space Agency’s constellation of three satellites,dedicated to monitoring geomagnetic field changes.The measurements delivered by the three satellites are very valuable for a range of applications,including the earthquake prediction study.However,for more than 5 years,relatively little advancement has been achieved in establishing a systematic approach for detecting anomalies from the satellite measurements for predicting earthquakes.This paper presents the challenges of developing a pragmatic framework for automatic anomaly detection and highlights innovative features of functional components developed.Through a case study we demonstrate a functionality pipeline of the system in detecting anomalies,and present our solutions to coping with data sparsity and parameter tuning as well as insights into the differences between discovering seismic anomalies from periodic and non-periodic data observed by the Swarm satellites.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of United States(DMR-1408872)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices,China(grant no.2019B121203003)+2 种基金the Recruitment Program of Guangdong,China(grant no.2016ZT06C322)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFCgrant nos.21973033 and 51890871).
文摘In the realm of soft matter,the self-assembly of giant molecules into predefined spherical packing super-lattices offers a promising avenue for creating mate-rials with specific functionalities.In this work,we leverage mesoatomic engineering of giant molecular clusters to construct complex alloy superlattices,carefully tailoring structural parameters such as branching density,linker rigidity,and molecular interactions.Our approach led to the controlled formation of spherical mesoatoms,which organize into superlattices,including Frank-Kasper(FK)and quasicrystalline phases.Integrating experimental analysis with molecular dynamics simulations,we elucidated quantitative relationships that span from molecular structures and mesoatomic config-urations to the resulting superlattice architectures.This exploration advances our understanding of mesoatomic manipulation as a pivotal tool for super-lattice engineering,thereby laying the groundwork for the design of metamaterials with predefined properties and enhanced functionalities.
基金supported by the Pearl River Talents Scheme (2016ZT06C322)the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC11050003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2017JQ001)
文摘Creation of diverse ordered nanostructures via self-assembly of macromolecules is a promising "bottom-up" approach towards next-generation nanofabrication technologies. It is therefore of critical importance to explore the possibilities to form new self-assembled phases in soft matter systems. In this review, we summarized recent advances on the identification of several unconventional spherical phases in the self-assembly of functional macromolecules, including Frank-Kasper(F-K) phases and quasicrystals originally observed in metal alloys. We believe that these results provide a new strategy towards the rational design of novel functional materials with hierarchically ordered structures.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22176221,51763010,51963011Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CAFS),Grant/Award Number:2020TD75+2 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Double Thousand Talents Plan-Youth Program,Grant/Award Number:JXSQ2019201108Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics,Grant/Award Number:20212BCD42004National。
文摘Highly stretchable and robust strain sensors are rapidly emerging as promising candidates for a diverse of wearable electronics.The main challenge for the practical application of wearable electronics is the energy consumption and device aging.Energy consumption mainly depends on the conductivity of the sensor,and it is a key factor in determining device aging.Here,we design a liq-uid metal(LM)-embedded hydrogel as a sensing material to overcome the bar-rier of energy consumption and device aging of wearable electronics.The sensing material simultaneously exhibits high conductivity(up to 22 S m�1),low elastic modulus(23 kPa),and ultrahigh stretchability(1500%)with excel-lent robustness(consistent performance against 12000 mechanical cycling).A motion monitoring system is composed of intrinsically soft LM-embedded hydrogel as sensing material,a microcontroller,signal-processing circuits,Bluetooth transceiver,and self-organizing map developed software for the visu-alization of multi-dimensional data.This system integrating multiple functions including signal conditioning,processing,and wireless transmission achieves monitor hand gesture as well as sign-to-verbal translation.This approach provides an ideal strategy for deaf-mute communicating with normal people and broadens the application of wearable electronics.
基金This study was supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(nos.2019B010941002 and 2020B010182002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.71890871 and U1832220)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices(no.2019B121203003)Guangdong Project(no.2016ZT06C322)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.2019JQ05).
文摘Naturally,subtle variations in the chemical structures of constituent molecules may significantly affect their multiscale spatial arrangements,properties,and functions.Deceptively simple spherical assemblies supply an ideal platform to investigate how subtle chemical differences affect hierarchically assembled structures.Here,the authors report two sets of nanosized shape amphiphiles,which were constructed by a triphenylene core and six polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cages peripherally grafted through linkers.The slight differences in these samples are merely several methylene units in their linkers,including several pairs of constituent isomers.These nanosized shape amphiphiles self-assemble into a variety of unconventional spherical packing structures,which include the Frank-Kasperσphase and dodecagonal quasicrystal.Several types of unconventional phase transitions were systematically investigated.The authors alternated the conventional columnar phases of discotic molecules to unconventional spherical packing phases.These unconventional structures may shed light into discovering discotic mesogens-based materials with new properties and functions.
