Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have attracted tremendous research interest in widely spreading applications.Most notably,transition-metal-bearing LDHs are expected to serve as highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen...Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have attracted tremendous research interest in widely spreading applications.Most notably,transition-metal-bearing LDHs are expected to serve as highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to their layered structure combined with versatile com-positions.Furthermore,reducing the thickness of platelet LDH crystals to nanometer or even molecular scale via cleavage or delamination provides an important clue to enhance the activity.In this review,recent progresses on rational design of LDH nanosheets are reviewed,including direct synthesis via traditional coprecipitation,homogeneous precipitation,and newly developed topochemical oxidation as well as chemical exfoliation of parent LDH crystals.In addition,diverse strategies are introduced to modulate their electrochemical activity by tuning the composition of host metal cations and intercalated counter-anions,and incorporating dopants,cavi-ties,and single atoms.In particular,hybridizing LDHs with conductive components or in situ growing them on conductive substrates to produce freestanding electrodes can further enhance their intrinsic catalytic activity.A brief discussion on future research directions and prospects is also summarized.展开更多
Purpose:To present the early results of pirarubicin-eluting microsphere transarterial chemoembolization(PETACE)for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Materials and methods:We retrospectively anal...Purpose:To present the early results of pirarubicin-eluting microsphere transarterial chemoembolization(PETACE)for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Materials and methods:We retrospectively analyzed 55 consecutive patients with HCC who received PE-TACE between April 1,2015 and August 30,2016.The complication rate,tumor response rate,progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS)were analyzed.Results:Adverse events were generally mild and included abdominal pain and fever,although a major complication was reported in 1 patient(1.8%).During a median follow-up of 10.0 months(range,3.0-24.0 months),14 patients(25.5%)achieved a complete tumor response,25(45.5%)had a partial response,9(16.4%)showed stable disease,and 7(12.7%)had disease progression.The 1-month overall response rate was 70.9%,and the local tumor response rate was 89.0%.The 1-month tumor response rate was 100%for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)stage A or B disease and 62.8%for BCLC stage C disease.The median PFS was 6.1 months(95%confidence interval[95%CI],3.4-8.8 months;range,1.0-24.0 months).The median OS was 11.0 months(95%CI,7.1-14.9 months;range,2.0-24.0 months).Kaplan-Meier analysis(log-rank test)found significant differences in OS between patients grouped by tumor number(P=0.006),tumor size(P=0.035),and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score(P=0.005).The tumor number(1 vs.>2)was the only factor independently associated with OS(hazard ratio[HR],2.867;95%CI,1.330-6.181;P=0.007).Conclusions:PE-TACE for unresectable HCC may be safe,with favorable tumor response rates and survival time,especially in patients with a single large tumor.Longer follow-up using a larger series is necessary to confirm these preliminary results.展开更多
基金supported in part by the WPIMANA,Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and TechnologyCREST of the Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)(Grant No.JPMJCR17N1)the support from JSPS KAKENNHI grant 15H02004 and 18H03869.
文摘Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have attracted tremendous research interest in widely spreading applications.Most notably,transition-metal-bearing LDHs are expected to serve as highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to their layered structure combined with versatile com-positions.Furthermore,reducing the thickness of platelet LDH crystals to nanometer or even molecular scale via cleavage or delamination provides an important clue to enhance the activity.In this review,recent progresses on rational design of LDH nanosheets are reviewed,including direct synthesis via traditional coprecipitation,homogeneous precipitation,and newly developed topochemical oxidation as well as chemical exfoliation of parent LDH crystals.In addition,diverse strategies are introduced to modulate their electrochemical activity by tuning the composition of host metal cations and intercalated counter-anions,and incorporating dopants,cavi-ties,and single atoms.In particular,hybridizing LDHs with conductive components or in situ growing them on conductive substrates to produce freestanding electrodes can further enhance their intrinsic catalytic activity.A brief discussion on future research directions and prospects is also summarized.
文摘Purpose:To present the early results of pirarubicin-eluting microsphere transarterial chemoembolization(PETACE)for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Materials and methods:We retrospectively analyzed 55 consecutive patients with HCC who received PE-TACE between April 1,2015 and August 30,2016.The complication rate,tumor response rate,progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS)were analyzed.Results:Adverse events were generally mild and included abdominal pain and fever,although a major complication was reported in 1 patient(1.8%).During a median follow-up of 10.0 months(range,3.0-24.0 months),14 patients(25.5%)achieved a complete tumor response,25(45.5%)had a partial response,9(16.4%)showed stable disease,and 7(12.7%)had disease progression.The 1-month overall response rate was 70.9%,and the local tumor response rate was 89.0%.The 1-month tumor response rate was 100%for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)stage A or B disease and 62.8%for BCLC stage C disease.The median PFS was 6.1 months(95%confidence interval[95%CI],3.4-8.8 months;range,1.0-24.0 months).The median OS was 11.0 months(95%CI,7.1-14.9 months;range,2.0-24.0 months).Kaplan-Meier analysis(log-rank test)found significant differences in OS between patients grouped by tumor number(P=0.006),tumor size(P=0.035),and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score(P=0.005).The tumor number(1 vs.>2)was the only factor independently associated with OS(hazard ratio[HR],2.867;95%CI,1.330-6.181;P=0.007).Conclusions:PE-TACE for unresectable HCC may be safe,with favorable tumor response rates and survival time,especially in patients with a single large tumor.Longer follow-up using a larger series is necessary to confirm these preliminary results.
