Saline-alkaline soils are a major environmental problem that limit plant growth and crop productivity.Plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases and the salt overly sensitive(SOS)signaling pathway play important roles in plant res...Saline-alkaline soils are a major environmental problem that limit plant growth and crop productivity.Plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases and the salt overly sensitive(SOS)signaling pathway play important roles in plant responses to saline-alkali stress.However,little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating the transcription of H^(+)-ATPases and SOS pathway genes under saline–alkali stress.In the present study,we identified that the plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding(TaPLATZ2)transcription factor are involved in wheat response to saline-alkali stress by directly suppressing the expression of TaHA2/TaSOS3.The knockdown of TaPLATZ2 enhances salt and alkali stress tolerance,while overexpression of TaPLATZ2 leads to salt and alkali stress sensitivity in wheat.In addition,TaWRKY55 directly upregulated the expression of TaPLATZ2 during saline-alkali stress.Through knockdown and overexpression of Ta WRKY55 in wheat,Ta WRKY55 was shown to negatively modulate salt and alkali stress tolerance.Genetic analyses confirmed that Ta PLATZ2 functions downstream of Ta WRKY55 in response to salt and alkaline stresses.These findings provide a TaWRKY55–TaPLATZ2–TaHA2/TaSOS3 regulatory module that regulates wheat responses to saline-alkali stress.展开更多
Deep sowing is a traditional method for drought resistance in maize production,and mesocotyl elongation is strongly associated with the ability of maize to germinate from deep soil.However,little is known about the fu...Deep sowing is a traditional method for drought resistance in maize production,and mesocotyl elongation is strongly associated with the ability of maize to germinate from deep soil.However,little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating maize mesocotyl elongation.In the present study,we identified a plant-specific SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE(SRO) protein family member,ZmSRO1e,involved in maize mesocotyl elongation.The expression of ZmSRO1e is strongly inhibited upon transfer from dark to white light.The loss-of-function zmsro1e mutant exhibited a dramatically shorter mesocotyl than the wild-type in both constant light and darkness,while overexpression of ZmSRO1e significantly promoted mesocotyl elongation,indicating that ZmSRO1e positively regulates mesocotyl elongation.We showed that ZmSRO1e physically interacted with Zmb ZIP61,an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5) and showed a function similar to that of HY5 in regulating photomorphogenesis.We found that ZmSRO1e repressed the transcriptional activity of Zmb ZIP61 toward target genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion,such as ZmEXPB4 and ZmEXPB6,by interfering with the binding of ZmbZIP61 to the promoters of target genes.Our results provide a new understanding of the mechanism by which SRO regulates photomorphogenesis and highlight its potential application in deep sowing-resistant breeding.展开更多
Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a ca...Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat,TaCCD1,which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane(PM)H^(+)-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response.PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4(SR4).We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases,TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8(TaPP2C.D1/8),negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue(Thr926)of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity.Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4,and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215,an early auxin-responsive protein.These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress.TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity,thereby promoting the activity of the PM H^(+)-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat.Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress,indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1.Collectively,this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress,in which Ca^(2+)-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province(2022LZGC002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171935 and 32372039)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1201700)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019ZD16)the Intramural Joint Program Fund of State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology(SKLMTIJP2024-06)。
文摘Saline-alkaline soils are a major environmental problem that limit plant growth and crop productivity.Plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases and the salt overly sensitive(SOS)signaling pathway play important roles in plant responses to saline-alkali stress.However,little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating the transcription of H^(+)-ATPases and SOS pathway genes under saline–alkali stress.In the present study,we identified that the plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding(TaPLATZ2)transcription factor are involved in wheat response to saline-alkali stress by directly suppressing the expression of TaHA2/TaSOS3.The knockdown of TaPLATZ2 enhances salt and alkali stress tolerance,while overexpression of TaPLATZ2 leads to salt and alkali stress sensitivity in wheat.In addition,TaWRKY55 directly upregulated the expression of TaPLATZ2 during saline-alkali stress.Through knockdown and overexpression of Ta WRKY55 in wheat,Ta WRKY55 was shown to negatively modulate salt and alkali stress tolerance.Genetic analyses confirmed that Ta PLATZ2 functions downstream of Ta WRKY55 in response to salt and alkaline stresses.These findings provide a TaWRKY55–TaPLATZ2–TaHA2/TaSOS3 regulatory module that regulates wheat responses to saline-alkali stress.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2019ZD16 and ZR2022QC007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171935 and 32372039)+2 种基金Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province (2022LZGC002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1201700)the Project for Scientific Research Innovation Team of Young Scholars in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province (2020KJE002)。
文摘Deep sowing is a traditional method for drought resistance in maize production,and mesocotyl elongation is strongly associated with the ability of maize to germinate from deep soil.However,little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating maize mesocotyl elongation.In the present study,we identified a plant-specific SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE(SRO) protein family member,ZmSRO1e,involved in maize mesocotyl elongation.The expression of ZmSRO1e is strongly inhibited upon transfer from dark to white light.The loss-of-function zmsro1e mutant exhibited a dramatically shorter mesocotyl than the wild-type in both constant light and darkness,while overexpression of ZmSRO1e significantly promoted mesocotyl elongation,indicating that ZmSRO1e positively regulates mesocotyl elongation.We showed that ZmSRO1e physically interacted with Zmb ZIP61,an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5) and showed a function similar to that of HY5 in regulating photomorphogenesis.We found that ZmSRO1e repressed the transcriptional activity of Zmb ZIP61 toward target genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion,such as ZmEXPB4 and ZmEXPB6,by interfering with the binding of ZmbZIP61 to the promoters of target genes.Our results provide a new understanding of the mechanism by which SRO regulates photomorphogenesis and highlight its potential application in deep sowing-resistant breeding.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020JQ14 and ZR2019ZD16)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872864,32171935,31722038,31720103910,and U1906202)+2 种基金the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province(2022LZGC002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1201700)the Project for Scientific Research Innovation Team of Young Scholar in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(2020KJE002).
文摘Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat,TaCCD1,which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane(PM)H^(+)-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response.PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4(SR4).We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases,TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8(TaPP2C.D1/8),negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue(Thr926)of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity.Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4,and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215,an early auxin-responsive protein.These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress.TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity,thereby promoting the activity of the PM H^(+)-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat.Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress,indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1.Collectively,this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress,in which Ca^(2+)-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.
