In this paper,the performance of uplink multiuser massive multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO)system with spatial modulation over transmit-correlated Rayleigh fading channel is investigated,where a large number of ante...In this paper,the performance of uplink multiuser massive multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO)system with spatial modulation over transmit-correlated Rayleigh fading channel is investigated,where a large number of antennas are deployed at the base station and linear zero-forcing(ZF)receiver is employed for detection.By taking the transmit correlation and the randomness of shadow fading in to account,the bit error rate(BER)performance of the system is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,an approximated expression of overall average BER of the system is attained.Besides,asymptotic performance is studied and the corresponding BER expression at high signal-to-noise ratio is derived.On this basis,the diversity gain of the system can be obtained for performance evaluation.Simulation results show that the derived theoretical expressions match the simulated values well,which verifies the correctness of our analysis.展开更多
Coronaviruses have repeatedly emerged in recent years,causing significant and ongoing threats to global public health.The development of therapeutic agents and strategies capable of responding to future outbreaks caus...Coronaviruses have repeatedly emerged in recent years,causing significant and ongoing threats to global public health.The development of therapeutic agents and strategies capable of responding to future outbreaks caused by emerging coronavirus variants remain an ongoing priority.Here,we engineered a single-stranded DNA aptamer(NApt8-3)that selectively binds to the conserved nucleocapsid(N)protein shared among multiple coronaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2(wild-type,beta,omicron variant),SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E,and strongly inhibits N protein-induced inflammatory cytokine expression.Mechanistically,NApt8-3 effectively binds to the N protein and blocks its interaction with the NLRP3 inflammasome,a key mediator of coronavirus-induced inflammation.To enable intracellular delivery and evaluate its therapeutic potential,we developed a proof-of-concept anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent—circSASON,a circular trivalent aptamer-antisense oligonucleotide(ASO)chimera—combining NApt8-3,an antispike protein aptamer,and an ASO that silences the N gene.In vitro experiments demonstrated that circSASON effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and suppresses N protein-induced cytokine expression in host cells.The intranasal administration of circSASON significantly decreased the level of SARS-CoV-2 and alleviated SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary inflammation and inflammatory cytokine expression in mice.Therefore,our findings highlight NApt8-3 as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agent that targets the conserved coronavirus N protein.The therapeutic design strategy employed,together with the N aptamer developed in this study,may offer a framework for the rapid development of treatments to combat future pandemics caused by emerging coronavirus variants.展开更多
文摘In this paper,the performance of uplink multiuser massive multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO)system with spatial modulation over transmit-correlated Rayleigh fading channel is investigated,where a large number of antennas are deployed at the base station and linear zero-forcing(ZF)receiver is employed for detection.By taking the transmit correlation and the randomness of shadow fading in to account,the bit error rate(BER)performance of the system is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,an approximated expression of overall average BER of the system is attained.Besides,asymptotic performance is studied and the corresponding BER expression at high signal-to-noise ratio is derived.On this basis,the diversity gain of the system can be obtained for performance evaluation.Simulation results show that the derived theoretical expressions match the simulated values well,which verifies the correctness of our analysis.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF0702000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32571620,32170577)+2 种基金the Jilin Province Natural Science Foundation(YDZJ202201ZYTS526,20250101044JJ)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412024QD020)The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of ChatGPT(GPT-5)in refining and improving the clarity of the English writing in this manuscript.
文摘Coronaviruses have repeatedly emerged in recent years,causing significant and ongoing threats to global public health.The development of therapeutic agents and strategies capable of responding to future outbreaks caused by emerging coronavirus variants remain an ongoing priority.Here,we engineered a single-stranded DNA aptamer(NApt8-3)that selectively binds to the conserved nucleocapsid(N)protein shared among multiple coronaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2(wild-type,beta,omicron variant),SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E,and strongly inhibits N protein-induced inflammatory cytokine expression.Mechanistically,NApt8-3 effectively binds to the N protein and blocks its interaction with the NLRP3 inflammasome,a key mediator of coronavirus-induced inflammation.To enable intracellular delivery and evaluate its therapeutic potential,we developed a proof-of-concept anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent—circSASON,a circular trivalent aptamer-antisense oligonucleotide(ASO)chimera—combining NApt8-3,an antispike protein aptamer,and an ASO that silences the N gene.In vitro experiments demonstrated that circSASON effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and suppresses N protein-induced cytokine expression in host cells.The intranasal administration of circSASON significantly decreased the level of SARS-CoV-2 and alleviated SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary inflammation and inflammatory cytokine expression in mice.Therefore,our findings highlight NApt8-3 as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agent that targets the conserved coronavirus N protein.The therapeutic design strategy employed,together with the N aptamer developed in this study,may offer a framework for the rapid development of treatments to combat future pandemics caused by emerging coronavirus variants.
