The retina of zebrafish can regenerate completely after injury.M ultiple studies have demonstrated that metabolic alte rations occur during retinal damage;however to date no study has identified a link between metabol...The retina of zebrafish can regenerate completely after injury.M ultiple studies have demonstrated that metabolic alte rations occur during retinal damage;however to date no study has identified a link between metabolites and retinal regeneration of zebrafish.Here,we performed an unbiased metabolome sequencing in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish to demonstrate the metabolomic mechanism of retinal regeneration.Among the differentially-ex pressed metabolites,we found a significant decrease in p-aminobenzoic acid in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.Then,we investigated the role of p-aminobenzoic acid in retinal regeneration in adult zebrafish.Impo rtantly,p-aminobenzoic acid activated Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression,thereby promoting Müller glia reprogramming and division,as well as Müller glia-derived progenitor cell proliferation.Finally,we eliminated folic acid and inflammation as downstream effectors of PABA and demonstrated that PABA had little effect on Müller glia distribution.Taken together,these findings show that PABA contributes to retinal regeneration through activation of Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression in the N-methyl-Daspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.展开更多
The study evaluated the adsorption of two antibiotics by four engineered adsorbents （hypercrosslinked resin MN-202, macroporous resin XAD-4, activated carbon F-400, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNT）） from ...The study evaluated the adsorption of two antibiotics by four engineered adsorbents （hypercrosslinked resin MN-202, macroporous resin XAD-4, activated carbon F-400, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNT）） from aqueous solutions. The dynamic results demonstrated the dominant influence of pore size in adsorption. The adsorption amounts of antibiotics on XAD-4 were attributed to the hydrophobic effect, whereas steric hindrance or micropore-filling played a main role in the adsorption of antibiotics by F-400 because of its high microporosity. Aside from F-400, similar patterns of pH-dependent adsorption were observed, implying the importance of antibiotic molecular forms to the adsorption process for adsorbents. Increasing the ionic concentration with CaCl 2 produced particular adsorption characteristics on MWCNT at pH 2.0 and F-400 at pH 8.0, which were attributed to the highly available contact surfaces and molecular sieving, respectively. Its hybrid characteristics incorporating a considerable portion of mesopores and micropores made hypercross linked MN-202 a superior antibiotic adsorbent with high adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of MWCNT on the basis of surface area was more advantageous than that of the other adsorbents because MWCNT has a much more compact molecular arrangement.展开更多
Purpose:To describe the regional diferences of the sclera in ocular hypertension(OHT)models with the inappropriate extension of the ocular axis.Methods:To discover the regional diferences of the sclera at the early st...Purpose:To describe the regional diferences of the sclera in ocular hypertension(OHT)models with the inappropriate extension of the ocular axis.Methods:To discover the regional diferences of the sclera at the early stage,OHT models were established using circumlimbal suture(CS)or sclerosant injection(SI).Axial length(AL)was measured by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.The glaucoma-associated distinction was determined by intraocular pressure(IOP)and retrograde tracing of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).The central thickness of the ganglion cell complex(GCC)was measured by optical coherence tomography.RGCs and collagen fbrils were detected using a transmission electron microscope,furthermore,anti-alpha smooth muscle actin(αSMA)was determined in the early stage after the operation.Results:Compared with the control group,the eyes in OHT models showed an increased IOP(P<0.001 in the CS group,P=0.001 in the SI group),growing AL(P=0.026 in the CS group,P=0.043 in the SI group),reduction of central RGCs(P<0.001 in the CS group,P=0.017 in the SI group),thinning central GCC(P<0.001 in the CS group),and a distinctive expression ofαSMA in the central sclera in the early 4-week stage after the operation(P=0.002 in the CS group).Compared with the SI group,the eye in the CS group showed a signifcantly increased AL(7.1±0.4 mm,P=0.031),reduction of central RGCs(2121.1±87.2 cells/mm2,P=0.001),thinning central GCC(71.4±0.8 pixels,P=0.015),and a distinctive expression ofαSMA(P=0.005).Additionally,ultrastructural changes in RGCs,scleral collagen fbers,and collagen crimp were observed in the diferent regions.Increased collagen volume fraction in the posterior segment of the eyeball wall(30.2±3.1%,P=0.022)was observed by MASSON staining in the CS group.Conclusion:Regional diferences of the sclera in the ocular hypertensive rat model induced by CS may provide a reference for further treatment of scleral-related eye disorders.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81974134(to XX)and 82000895(to HL)National Key Research and Development Program of China,Nos.2021YFA1101200&2021YFA1101202National Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China,No.2022JJ30071(to HL)。
文摘The retina of zebrafish can regenerate completely after injury.M ultiple studies have demonstrated that metabolic alte rations occur during retinal damage;however to date no study has identified a link between metabolites and retinal regeneration of zebrafish.Here,we performed an unbiased metabolome sequencing in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish to demonstrate the metabolomic mechanism of retinal regeneration.Among the differentially-ex pressed metabolites,we found a significant decrease in p-aminobenzoic acid in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.Then,we investigated the role of p-aminobenzoic acid in retinal regeneration in adult zebrafish.Impo rtantly,p-aminobenzoic acid activated Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression,thereby promoting Müller glia reprogramming and division,as well as Müller glia-derived progenitor cell proliferation.Finally,we eliminated folic acid and inflammation as downstream effectors of PABA and demonstrated that PABA had little effect on Müller glia distribution.Taken together,these findings show that PABA contributes to retinal regeneration through activation of Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression in the N-methyl-Daspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.
基金support provided by the Key Subject of National Natural Science(No.50938004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51278253)the Jiangsu Nature Science Fund for Distinguished Scientists(No.BK2010006)
文摘The study evaluated the adsorption of two antibiotics by four engineered adsorbents （hypercrosslinked resin MN-202, macroporous resin XAD-4, activated carbon F-400, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNT）） from aqueous solutions. The dynamic results demonstrated the dominant influence of pore size in adsorption. The adsorption amounts of antibiotics on XAD-4 were attributed to the hydrophobic effect, whereas steric hindrance or micropore-filling played a main role in the adsorption of antibiotics by F-400 because of its high microporosity. Aside from F-400, similar patterns of pH-dependent adsorption were observed, implying the importance of antibiotic molecular forms to the adsorption process for adsorbents. Increasing the ionic concentration with CaCl 2 produced particular adsorption characteristics on MWCNT at pH 2.0 and F-400 at pH 8.0, which were attributed to the highly available contact surfaces and molecular sieving, respectively. Its hybrid characteristics incorporating a considerable portion of mesopores and micropores made hypercross linked MN-202 a superior antibiotic adsorbent with high adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of MWCNT on the basis of surface area was more advantageous than that of the other adsorbents because MWCNT has a much more compact molecular arrangement.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC2008205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82171058,81974134)Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province of China(Grant No.2020SK2076).
文摘Purpose:To describe the regional diferences of the sclera in ocular hypertension(OHT)models with the inappropriate extension of the ocular axis.Methods:To discover the regional diferences of the sclera at the early stage,OHT models were established using circumlimbal suture(CS)or sclerosant injection(SI).Axial length(AL)was measured by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.The glaucoma-associated distinction was determined by intraocular pressure(IOP)and retrograde tracing of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).The central thickness of the ganglion cell complex(GCC)was measured by optical coherence tomography.RGCs and collagen fbrils were detected using a transmission electron microscope,furthermore,anti-alpha smooth muscle actin(αSMA)was determined in the early stage after the operation.Results:Compared with the control group,the eyes in OHT models showed an increased IOP(P<0.001 in the CS group,P=0.001 in the SI group),growing AL(P=0.026 in the CS group,P=0.043 in the SI group),reduction of central RGCs(P<0.001 in the CS group,P=0.017 in the SI group),thinning central GCC(P<0.001 in the CS group),and a distinctive expression ofαSMA in the central sclera in the early 4-week stage after the operation(P=0.002 in the CS group).Compared with the SI group,the eye in the CS group showed a signifcantly increased AL(7.1±0.4 mm,P=0.031),reduction of central RGCs(2121.1±87.2 cells/mm2,P=0.001),thinning central GCC(71.4±0.8 pixels,P=0.015),and a distinctive expression ofαSMA(P=0.005).Additionally,ultrastructural changes in RGCs,scleral collagen fbers,and collagen crimp were observed in the diferent regions.Increased collagen volume fraction in the posterior segment of the eyeball wall(30.2±3.1%,P=0.022)was observed by MASSON staining in the CS group.Conclusion:Regional diferences of the sclera in the ocular hypertensive rat model induced by CS may provide a reference for further treatment of scleral-related eye disorders.
