DNA repair enzymes are important in the repair of DNA lesions for maintaining the genome stability,and their abnormal expression induced various human cancers.Simultaneous detection of these DNA enzymes could provide ...DNA repair enzymes are important in the repair of DNA lesions for maintaining the genome stability,and their abnormal expression induced various human cancers.Simultaneous detection of these DNA enzymes could provide convincing evidence based on the comparison of the activity of multiple enzymes than on that of single enzyme.Although fluorescence approach has been applied for the simultaneous detection both of DNA repair enzymes,the spectral overlap and multiwavelength excitation severely restrict the number of available fluorophores.Thus,it is difficult to simultaneously detect three enzymes in a single analysis by fluorescence detection.Herein,we developed a method for the simultaneous determination of three DNA repair enzymes including human flap DNA endonuclease 1(FEN1),human alkyladenine DNA glycosylase(hAAG)and uracil DNA glycosylase(UDG)based on the combination of template-free amplification system with capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence(CE-LIF)detection.The amplification system was adopted to transfer and amplify the enzymatic products into different length DNA fragments which could be separated effectively by CE-LIF without the complicated modification of the capillary inner wall or labeling different tails on signal probes for separation.The method demonstrated a detection limit of 0.07 U/mL(0.08-160 U/mL)for FEN1,2.40 U/mL(2.5-250U/mL)for hAAG and 2.1×10^(-4)U/mL(0.0004-2.5 U/mL)for UDG,the relative standard deviations(RSDs)of peak time and peak area for different analytes were as follows:2.50%-4,37%and 3.24%-7.18%(inter-day);1.37%-2.71%and 1.43%-3.02%(intra-day),4.28%-6.08%and 4.16%-7.57%(column to column),respectively.And it can identify the inhibitor-like drugs,evaluate enzymatic kinetics and achieve the detection of three enzymes in cell extracts,providing a simple and powerful platform for simultaneous detection of more DNA repair enzymes.展开更多
1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the in...1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the increase in digital information,open access,early data sharing policies,and interoperability goals.This foundation has accelerated in more recent times,due to the increase in research data management policies and advances in Al.Specific to research data management,one of the larger factors has been the global adoption of the FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)data principles[1,2],which are highly metadatadriven.Additionally,researchers across nearly every domain are interested in leveraging metadata for machine learning and other Al applications.展开更多
The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open data.To enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture ...The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open data.To enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture by embedding structured metadata markup in dataset web landing pages using vocabularies from Schema.org and extensions.This paper aims to examine metadata interoperability for supporting global data discovery.Specifically,the paper reports a survey on which metadata schema has been adopted by participating data repositories,and presents an analysis of crosswalks from fourteen research data schemas to Schema.org.The analysis indicates most descriptive metadata are interoperable among the schemas,the most inconsistent mapping is the rights metadata,and a large gap exists in the structural metadata and controlled vocabularies to specify various property values.The analysis and collated crosswalks can serve as a reference for data repositories when they develop crosswalks from their own schemas to Schema.org,and provide the research data community a benchmark of structured metadata implementation.展开更多
Automated metadata annotation is only as good as training dataset,or rules that are available for the domain.It's important to learn what type of data content a pre-trained machine learning algorithm has been trai...Automated metadata annotation is only as good as training dataset,or rules that are available for the domain.It's important to learn what type of data content a pre-trained machine learning algorithm has been trained on to understand its limitations and potential biases.Consider what type of content is readily available to train an algorithm-what's popular and what's available.However,scholarly and historical content is often not available in consumable,homogenized,and interoperable formats at the large volume that is required for machine learning.There are exceptions such as science and medicine,where large,well documented collections are available.This paper presents the current state of automated metadata annotation in cultural heritage and research data,discusses challenges identified from use cases,and proposes solutions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21874060 and 22174058,U21A20282)the Science and Technology program of Gansu Province(No.22JR5RA476)。
文摘DNA repair enzymes are important in the repair of DNA lesions for maintaining the genome stability,and their abnormal expression induced various human cancers.Simultaneous detection of these DNA enzymes could provide convincing evidence based on the comparison of the activity of multiple enzymes than on that of single enzyme.Although fluorescence approach has been applied for the simultaneous detection both of DNA repair enzymes,the spectral overlap and multiwavelength excitation severely restrict the number of available fluorophores.Thus,it is difficult to simultaneously detect three enzymes in a single analysis by fluorescence detection.Herein,we developed a method for the simultaneous determination of three DNA repair enzymes including human flap DNA endonuclease 1(FEN1),human alkyladenine DNA glycosylase(hAAG)and uracil DNA glycosylase(UDG)based on the combination of template-free amplification system with capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence(CE-LIF)detection.The amplification system was adopted to transfer and amplify the enzymatic products into different length DNA fragments which could be separated effectively by CE-LIF without the complicated modification of the capillary inner wall or labeling different tails on signal probes for separation.The method demonstrated a detection limit of 0.07 U/mL(0.08-160 U/mL)for FEN1,2.40 U/mL(2.5-250U/mL)for hAAG and 2.1×10^(-4)U/mL(0.0004-2.5 U/mL)for UDG,the relative standard deviations(RSDs)of peak time and peak area for different analytes were as follows:2.50%-4,37%and 3.24%-7.18%(inter-day);1.37%-2.71%and 1.43%-3.02%(intra-day),4.28%-6.08%and 4.16%-7.57%(column to column),respectively.And it can identify the inhibitor-like drugs,evaluate enzymatic kinetics and achieve the detection of three enzymes in cell extracts,providing a simple and powerful platform for simultaneous detection of more DNA repair enzymes.
文摘1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the increase in digital information,open access,early data sharing policies,and interoperability goals.This foundation has accelerated in more recent times,due to the increase in research data management policies and advances in Al.Specific to research data management,one of the larger factors has been the global adoption of the FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)data principles[1,2],which are highly metadatadriven.Additionally,researchers across nearly every domain are interested in leveraging metadata for machine learning and other Al applications.
文摘The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open data.To enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture by embedding structured metadata markup in dataset web landing pages using vocabularies from Schema.org and extensions.This paper aims to examine metadata interoperability for supporting global data discovery.Specifically,the paper reports a survey on which metadata schema has been adopted by participating data repositories,and presents an analysis of crosswalks from fourteen research data schemas to Schema.org.The analysis indicates most descriptive metadata are interoperable among the schemas,the most inconsistent mapping is the rights metadata,and a large gap exists in the structural metadata and controlled vocabularies to specify various property values.The analysis and collated crosswalks can serve as a reference for data repositories when they develop crosswalks from their own schemas to Schema.org,and provide the research data community a benchmark of structured metadata implementation.
文摘Automated metadata annotation is only as good as training dataset,or rules that are available for the domain.It's important to learn what type of data content a pre-trained machine learning algorithm has been trained on to understand its limitations and potential biases.Consider what type of content is readily available to train an algorithm-what's popular and what's available.However,scholarly and historical content is often not available in consumable,homogenized,and interoperable formats at the large volume that is required for machine learning.There are exceptions such as science and medicine,where large,well documented collections are available.This paper presents the current state of automated metadata annotation in cultural heritage and research data,discusses challenges identified from use cases,and proposes solutions.
