Ginseng planting in Northeast China brings economic benefits but affects forest landscape integrity and native ecological processes.In order to quantify the impacts of ginseng planting on the forest landscape,Fusong C...Ginseng planting in Northeast China brings economic benefits but affects forest landscape integrity and native ecological processes.In order to quantify the impacts of ginseng planting on the forest landscape,Fusong County in Jilin Province was selected as a study area.The number and distribution of ginseng fields over different time was quantified based on remote sensing and ground surveys.Grid analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to study the impacts of ginseng planting on the landscape.The results showed that altitudes and slopes of ginseng fields increased and became increasingly scattered and smaller closer to the Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve.Ginseng fields and abandoned fields increased total patches and total area of the local forested landscape,and shared edge lengths between ginseng fields and forests,resulting in continuous fragmentation of the landscape.Although the total area of existing and abandoned ginseng fields accounts for a small fraction of the total landscape,their negative impacts on ecosystem conservation is significant.The local government needs to rationally plan ginseng planting,scientifically implement the restoration of abandoned ginseng lands,and enhance awareness of ginseng farmers to environmental stewardship.Our study has important significance for maintaining the healthy and stable development of the local ginseng industry and for improving the quality of regional ecological environment.展开更多
Introduction:Adaptation and mitigation are two main approaches to combating climate change.Mitigation is considered as the most important tasks in dealing with climate change in scientific res earch,financial support ...Introduction:Adaptation and mitigation are two main approaches to combating climate change.Mitigation is considered as the most important tasks in dealing with climate change in scientific res earch,financial support and technical practices as global warming intensifes;while currently the warming trend still cannot be reversed,and adaptation task seemed to gain urgency although it is late-starting.The synergies and tradeoffs of these two strategies revealed increasingly importance on reduding adverse dimate effects.Research on synergistic relationships has developed from definition and feasible analysis,to the development of quantitative tools and exploration in practice and application,though the latter aspect is still in its initial stage.Outcomes/other.Our review shows that the traits of mitigation and adaptation,the difer-ences and similarities between them,then ilustrate the significance and mechanism of their synergies and tradeoffs.And it is explained that methods and applications of single and integrated models,and cost-effectiveness analysis.Discussion/Conclusion:We hold the opinion that the future research and applications should be enhanced in terms of four aspects:reinforcement of interrelations and common mecha nisms between mitigation and adaptation actions study;building and improving the monitoring and evaluating systems;promoting departmental and regional scale investiga-tions and applications;and establishing policy and security systems.展开更多
A comprehensive understanding of the spatial-temporal evolution and driving forces on ecosystem services(ES)is essential for the agro-pastoral ecotone’s ecological security in northern China.However,the land-use patt...A comprehensive understanding of the spatial-temporal evolution and driving forces on ecosystem services(ES)is essential for the agro-pastoral ecotone’s ecological security in northern China.However,the land-use pattern(LULC)agglomeration with spatial differentiation in the pastoral and agricultural areas has been rarely concerned.Taking distinct LULC(1980-2018)in Chifeng as an example,we compared four crucial categories of ESs with InVEST.Using SEM,we further contrasted the effects of several variables on regional ES variations in pastoral-dominated(North)and agriculture-dominated(South)regions,respectively.Results revealed the conversion between forest and grassland oriented the LULC transformation in the North.In contrast,human-activitiy-oriented land tended to occupy environmentally sensitive places in the South.Similar ES variations were supplied with the North outperforming the South when soil conservation was omitted.As for the impacts of regional ES variations,the natural and LULC policies both showed positive effects,whereas the anthropogenic factors showed positive in the North,which was negative in the South.Therefore,the ecologicallymaintained-dominant and ecologically-restored-dominant strategies should be separately adopted in the North and South.Our study provided appropriate regional ecological management suggestions for balancing the LULC-driven conflicts between ecological protection and regional development.展开更多
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0503603)。
文摘Ginseng planting in Northeast China brings economic benefits but affects forest landscape integrity and native ecological processes.In order to quantify the impacts of ginseng planting on the forest landscape,Fusong County in Jilin Province was selected as a study area.The number and distribution of ginseng fields over different time was quantified based on remote sensing and ground surveys.Grid analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to study the impacts of ginseng planting on the landscape.The results showed that altitudes and slopes of ginseng fields increased and became increasingly scattered and smaller closer to the Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve.Ginseng fields and abandoned fields increased total patches and total area of the local forested landscape,and shared edge lengths between ginseng fields and forests,resulting in continuous fragmentation of the landscape.Although the total area of existing and abandoned ginseng fields accounts for a small fraction of the total landscape,their negative impacts on ecosystem conservation is significant.The local government needs to rationally plan ginseng planting,scientifically implement the restoration of abandoned ginseng lands,and enhance awareness of ginseng farmers to environmental stewardship.Our study has important significance for maintaining the healthy and stable development of the local ginseng industry and for improving the quality of regional ecological environment.
基金This work was supported by theNationa lNatural Science Foundation of China[No.41501602]special funding for addressing climatechangeof National Development and Reform Commission(国家发展和改革委员会)[201624].
文摘Introduction:Adaptation and mitigation are two main approaches to combating climate change.Mitigation is considered as the most important tasks in dealing with climate change in scientific res earch,financial support and technical practices as global warming intensifes;while currently the warming trend still cannot be reversed,and adaptation task seemed to gain urgency although it is late-starting.The synergies and tradeoffs of these two strategies revealed increasingly importance on reduding adverse dimate effects.Research on synergistic relationships has developed from definition and feasible analysis,to the development of quantitative tools and exploration in practice and application,though the latter aspect is still in its initial stage.Outcomes/other.Our review shows that the traits of mitigation and adaptation,the difer-ences and similarities between them,then ilustrate the significance and mechanism of their synergies and tradeoffs.And it is explained that methods and applications of single and integrated models,and cost-effectiveness analysis.Discussion/Conclusion:We hold the opinion that the future research and applications should be enhanced in terms of four aspects:reinforcement of interrelations and common mecha nisms between mitigation and adaptation actions study;building and improving the monitoring and evaluating systems;promoting departmental and regional scale investiga-tions and applications;and establishing policy and security systems.
基金This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0503603)The Science and Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia(No.2022YFDZ0073)。
文摘A comprehensive understanding of the spatial-temporal evolution and driving forces on ecosystem services(ES)is essential for the agro-pastoral ecotone’s ecological security in northern China.However,the land-use pattern(LULC)agglomeration with spatial differentiation in the pastoral and agricultural areas has been rarely concerned.Taking distinct LULC(1980-2018)in Chifeng as an example,we compared four crucial categories of ESs with InVEST.Using SEM,we further contrasted the effects of several variables on regional ES variations in pastoral-dominated(North)and agriculture-dominated(South)regions,respectively.Results revealed the conversion between forest and grassland oriented the LULC transformation in the North.In contrast,human-activitiy-oriented land tended to occupy environmentally sensitive places in the South.Similar ES variations were supplied with the North outperforming the South when soil conservation was omitted.As for the impacts of regional ES variations,the natural and LULC policies both showed positive effects,whereas the anthropogenic factors showed positive in the North,which was negative in the South.Therefore,the ecologicallymaintained-dominant and ecologically-restored-dominant strategies should be separately adopted in the North and South.Our study provided appropriate regional ecological management suggestions for balancing the LULC-driven conflicts between ecological protection and regional development.
