Damage to the skin causes physiological and functional issues.The most effective treatment approach is the use of wound dressings.Silk fibroin(SF)is a promising candidate biomaterial for regulating wound healing;howev...Damage to the skin causes physiological and functional issues.The most effective treatment approach is the use of wound dressings.Silk fibroin(SF)is a promising candidate biomaterial for regulating wound healing;however,its antibacterial properties and biological activity must be further improved.In this study,a photocrosslinking hydrogel was developed to treat full-thickness cutaneous wounds.The composite hydrogel(Ag-AV-SF hydrogel)was prepared by introducing the silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)and aloe vera(AV)as the modifiers.In vitro study exhibited great antibacterial ability,biocompatibility and cell-proliferation and-migration-promoting capacities.It also showed the pH-response releasing properties which release more AgNPs in a simulated chronic infection environment.The healing effect evaluation in vivo showed the healing-promoting ability of the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel was stronger than the single-modifiers groups,and the healing rate of it reached 97.02%on Day 21,higher than the commercial wound dressing,silver sulfadiazine(SS)cream on sale.Additionally,the histological and protein expression results showed that the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel has a greater effect on the pro-healing regenerative phenotype with M2 macrophages at the early stage,reconstructing the blood vessels networks and inhibiting the formation of scars.In summary,the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel developed in this study had good physical properties,overwhelming antibacterial properties,satisfactory biocompatibility and significantly promoting effect on cell proliferation,migration and wound healing.Overall,our results suggest that the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel we developed has great potential for improving the wound healing in clinical treatment.展开更多
Smart contracts have signifcant losses due to various types of vulnerabilities. However, traditional vulnerability detec-tionmethods rely extensively on expert rules, resulting in low detection accuracy and poor adapt...Smart contracts have signifcant losses due to various types of vulnerabilities. However, traditional vulnerability detec-tionmethods rely extensively on expert rules, resulting in low detection accuracy and poor adaptability to novel attacks. To address these problems, in this paper, deep learning methods are combined with smart contract vulner-abilitycode detection approaches. Abstract syntax trees (ASTs), which are special isomorphic graph structures, are an important bridge between source code and graph neural networks. By learning the AST, the model can under-standthe semantics of the source code. Moreover, graph neural networks have an increasing ability to address com-plexheterogeneous graphs. Therefore, control fow graphs are fused with data fow graphs on the basis of the ASTs to build heterogeneous graphs with richer code semantics. Furthermore, multigranularity analysis of the vulnerability detection results is performed, including coarse-grained contract-level vulnerability detection and fne-grained line-levelvulnerability detection. Through this multigranularity detection approach, vulnerabilities in contracts can be identifed and analysed more comprehensively, providing a richer perspective and more solutions for vulnerability detection. The experimental results show that the proposed multigranularity vulnerability detection method based on heterogeneous graphs (MVD-HG) improves both the accuracy and range of the detected vulnerability types in contract-level vulnerability detection tasks;moreover, in the line-level vulnerability detection task, the MVD-HG model achieves signifcant results and addresses the shortcomings of existing methods. In addition, based on code generation methods used in related felds, a data enhancement method based on the source code is developed, which efectively expands the experimental dataset to address the reduced credibility of the results due to insufcient amounts of data.展开更多
The most common socioeconomic healthcare issues in clinical are burns,surgical incisions and other skin injuries.Skin lesion healing can be achieved with nanomedicines and other drug application techniques.This study ...The most common socioeconomic healthcare issues in clinical are burns,surgical incisions and other skin injuries.Skin lesion healing can be achieved with nanomedicines and other drug application techniques.This study developed a nano-spray based on cross-linked amorphous calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))nanoparticles of polyacrylic acid(PAA)for treating skin wounds(PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles).CaO_(2)serves as a‘drug’precursor,steadily and continuously releasing calcium ions(Ca^(2+))and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))under mildly acidic conditions,while PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles exhibited good spray behavior in aqueous form.Tests demonstrated that PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles exhibited low cytotoxicity and allowed L929 cells proliferation and migration in vitro.The effectiveness of PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles in promoting wound healing and inhibiting bacterial growth in vivo was assessed in SD rats using full-thickness skin defect and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)-infected wound models based thereon.The results revealed that PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles demonstrated significant advantages in both aspects.Notably,the infected rats’skin defects healed in 12 days.The benefits are linked to the functional role of Ca^(2+)coalesces with H_(2)O_(2)as known antibacterial and healing-promoted agents.Therefore,we developed nanoscale PAA-CaO_(2)sprays to prevent bacterial development and heal skin lesions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12032007,31971242)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0330)+3 种基金the Project of Science and Technology of Chongqing Yuzhong District(20170119,20170113)the Project of Tutorial System of Medical Undergraduate in Lab Teaching&Management Center in Chongqing Medical University(LTMCMTS202003)the National Project of University Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(201910631002)the Project of‘Ying Yao Program’for College Student in School of Basic Medical Sciences in ChongqingMedical University(JCYY202003).
文摘Damage to the skin causes physiological and functional issues.The most effective treatment approach is the use of wound dressings.Silk fibroin(SF)is a promising candidate biomaterial for regulating wound healing;however,its antibacterial properties and biological activity must be further improved.In this study,a photocrosslinking hydrogel was developed to treat full-thickness cutaneous wounds.The composite hydrogel(Ag-AV-SF hydrogel)was prepared by introducing the silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)and aloe vera(AV)as the modifiers.In vitro study exhibited great antibacterial ability,biocompatibility and cell-proliferation and-migration-promoting capacities.It also showed the pH-response releasing properties which release more AgNPs in a simulated chronic infection environment.The healing effect evaluation in vivo showed the healing-promoting ability of the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel was stronger than the single-modifiers groups,and the healing rate of it reached 97.02%on Day 21,higher than the commercial wound dressing,silver sulfadiazine(SS)cream on sale.Additionally,the histological and protein expression results showed that the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel has a greater effect on the pro-healing regenerative phenotype with M2 macrophages at the early stage,reconstructing the blood vessels networks and inhibiting the formation of scars.In summary,the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel developed in this study had good physical properties,overwhelming antibacterial properties,satisfactory biocompatibility and significantly promoting effect on cell proliferation,migration and wound healing.Overall,our results suggest that the Ag-AV-SF hydrogel we developed has great potential for improving the wound healing in clinical treatment.
基金supported by the Major Program of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LD22F020002)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.62372410,U22B2028)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ23F020011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(No.RF-A2023009)the Key R&D Projects in Zhejiang Province(No.2021C01117).
文摘Smart contracts have signifcant losses due to various types of vulnerabilities. However, traditional vulnerability detec-tionmethods rely extensively on expert rules, resulting in low detection accuracy and poor adaptability to novel attacks. To address these problems, in this paper, deep learning methods are combined with smart contract vulner-abilitycode detection approaches. Abstract syntax trees (ASTs), which are special isomorphic graph structures, are an important bridge between source code and graph neural networks. By learning the AST, the model can under-standthe semantics of the source code. Moreover, graph neural networks have an increasing ability to address com-plexheterogeneous graphs. Therefore, control fow graphs are fused with data fow graphs on the basis of the ASTs to build heterogeneous graphs with richer code semantics. Furthermore, multigranularity analysis of the vulnerability detection results is performed, including coarse-grained contract-level vulnerability detection and fne-grained line-levelvulnerability detection. Through this multigranularity detection approach, vulnerabilities in contracts can be identifed and analysed more comprehensively, providing a richer perspective and more solutions for vulnerability detection. The experimental results show that the proposed multigranularity vulnerability detection method based on heterogeneous graphs (MVD-HG) improves both the accuracy and range of the detected vulnerability types in contract-level vulnerability detection tasks;moreover, in the line-level vulnerability detection task, the MVD-HG model achieves signifcant results and addresses the shortcomings of existing methods. In addition, based on code generation methods used in related felds, a data enhancement method based on the source code is developed, which efectively expands the experimental dataset to address the reduced credibility of the results due to insufcient amounts of data.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0330,cstc2021jsyjyzysbA0057)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971242,12032007)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jinfeng Laboratory,Chongqing,China(jfkyjf202203001)the Project of Tutorial System of Medical Undergraduate in Lab Teaching&Management Center in Chongqing Medical University(LTMCMTS202107).
文摘The most common socioeconomic healthcare issues in clinical are burns,surgical incisions and other skin injuries.Skin lesion healing can be achieved with nanomedicines and other drug application techniques.This study developed a nano-spray based on cross-linked amorphous calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))nanoparticles of polyacrylic acid(PAA)for treating skin wounds(PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles).CaO_(2)serves as a‘drug’precursor,steadily and continuously releasing calcium ions(Ca^(2+))and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))under mildly acidic conditions,while PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles exhibited good spray behavior in aqueous form.Tests demonstrated that PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles exhibited low cytotoxicity and allowed L929 cells proliferation and migration in vitro.The effectiveness of PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles in promoting wound healing and inhibiting bacterial growth in vivo was assessed in SD rats using full-thickness skin defect and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)-infected wound models based thereon.The results revealed that PAA-CaO_(2)nanoparticles demonstrated significant advantages in both aspects.Notably,the infected rats’skin defects healed in 12 days.The benefits are linked to the functional role of Ca^(2+)coalesces with H_(2)O_(2)as known antibacterial and healing-promoted agents.Therefore,we developed nanoscale PAA-CaO_(2)sprays to prevent bacterial development and heal skin lesions.
