The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound (HiRes US), and generation of mouse brain tumor (glioma) model under HiRes US guided implantation of glioma cells. Norm...The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound (HiRes US), and generation of mouse brain tumor (glioma) model under HiRes US guided implantation of glioma cells. Normal mouse brain was imaged with 30 MHz HiRes US in six pups and ten adult nude mice. Glioma model was developed by injecting human glioma cells (5 × 105), U-87MG-luc, under HiRes US guidance, in three pups and five adult mice. Bioluminescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and HiRes US were used for in vivo tumor imaging. In addition, brain imaging ex vivo with HiRes US were also performed in three tumor bearing and five normal brains. The brain parenchyma was seen as a homogeneous low echo on HiRes US without locoregional echo differences. An inverted U shaped linear echo structure (fissure) differentiated the telencephalon from the diencephalon. Bilaterally budding structure at the base of the skull represented the trigeminal nerve. The inserted needle, used to implant the glioma cells, was seen as a high linear echogenic reflection. Brain tumor on ex vivo HiRes US was well demarcated, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to the surrounding healthy brain. In conclusion, imaging the brain with HiRes US in small animal model like mouse is possible and convenient. Real-time guiding is possible to perform any intervention from tumor implantation to percutaneous therapeutic procedures. Ex vivo, HiRes US is extremely useful to study the detailed anatomical features.展开更多
Background and Aims:To investigate the impact of MR bias field correction on response determination and survival prediction using volumetric tumor enhancement analysis in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carc...Background and Aims:To investigate the impact of MR bias field correction on response determination and survival prediction using volumetric tumor enhancement analysis in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma,after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods:This study included 101 patients treated with conventional or drug-eluting beads TACE between the years of 2001 and 2013.Semi-automated 3D quantification software was used to segment and calculate the enhancing tumor volume(ETV)of the liver with and without bias-field correction on multi-phasic contrast-enhanced MRI before and 1-month after initial TACE.ETV(expressed as cm3)at baseline imaging and the relative change in ETV(as%change,ETV%)before and after TACE were used to predict response and survival,respectively.Statistical survival analyses included Kaplan-Meier curve generation and Cox proportional hazards modeling.Q statistics were calculated and used to identify the best cut-off value for ETV to separate responders and non-responders(ETV cm3).The difference in survival was evaluated between responders and non-responders using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models.Results:MR bias field correction correlated with improved response calculation from baseline MR as well as survival after TACE;using a 415 cm3 cut-off for ETV at baseline(hazard ratio:2.00,95%confidence interval:1.23-3.26,p=0.01)resulted in significantly improved response prediction(median survival in patients with baseline ETV<415 cm3:19.66 months vs.≥415 cm3:9.21 months,p<0.001,log-rank test).A≥41%relative decrease in ETV(hazard ratio:0.58,95%confidence interval:0.37-0.93,p=0.02)was significant in predicting survival(ETV≥41%:19.20 months vs.ETV<41%:8.71 months,p=0.008,log-rank test).Without MR bias field correction,response from baseline ETV could be predicted but survival after TACE could not.Conclusions:MR bias field correction improves both response assessment and accuracy of survival prediction using whole liver tumor enhancement analysis from baseline MR after initial TACE in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
文摘The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound (HiRes US), and generation of mouse brain tumor (glioma) model under HiRes US guided implantation of glioma cells. Normal mouse brain was imaged with 30 MHz HiRes US in six pups and ten adult nude mice. Glioma model was developed by injecting human glioma cells (5 × 105), U-87MG-luc, under HiRes US guidance, in three pups and five adult mice. Bioluminescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and HiRes US were used for in vivo tumor imaging. In addition, brain imaging ex vivo with HiRes US were also performed in three tumor bearing and five normal brains. The brain parenchyma was seen as a homogeneous low echo on HiRes US without locoregional echo differences. An inverted U shaped linear echo structure (fissure) differentiated the telencephalon from the diencephalon. Bilaterally budding structure at the base of the skull represented the trigeminal nerve. The inserted needle, used to implant the glioma cells, was seen as a high linear echogenic reflection. Brain tumor on ex vivo HiRes US was well demarcated, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to the surrounding healthy brain. In conclusion, imaging the brain with HiRes US in small animal model like mouse is possible and convenient. Real-time guiding is possible to perform any intervention from tumor implantation to percutaneous therapeutic procedures. Ex vivo, HiRes US is extremely useful to study the detailed anatomical features.
文摘Background and Aims:To investigate the impact of MR bias field correction on response determination and survival prediction using volumetric tumor enhancement analysis in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma,after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods:This study included 101 patients treated with conventional or drug-eluting beads TACE between the years of 2001 and 2013.Semi-automated 3D quantification software was used to segment and calculate the enhancing tumor volume(ETV)of the liver with and without bias-field correction on multi-phasic contrast-enhanced MRI before and 1-month after initial TACE.ETV(expressed as cm3)at baseline imaging and the relative change in ETV(as%change,ETV%)before and after TACE were used to predict response and survival,respectively.Statistical survival analyses included Kaplan-Meier curve generation and Cox proportional hazards modeling.Q statistics were calculated and used to identify the best cut-off value for ETV to separate responders and non-responders(ETV cm3).The difference in survival was evaluated between responders and non-responders using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models.Results:MR bias field correction correlated with improved response calculation from baseline MR as well as survival after TACE;using a 415 cm3 cut-off for ETV at baseline(hazard ratio:2.00,95%confidence interval:1.23-3.26,p=0.01)resulted in significantly improved response prediction(median survival in patients with baseline ETV<415 cm3:19.66 months vs.≥415 cm3:9.21 months,p<0.001,log-rank test).A≥41%relative decrease in ETV(hazard ratio:0.58,95%confidence interval:0.37-0.93,p=0.02)was significant in predicting survival(ETV≥41%:19.20 months vs.ETV<41%:8.71 months,p=0.008,log-rank test).Without MR bias field correction,response from baseline ETV could be predicted but survival after TACE could not.Conclusions:MR bias field correction improves both response assessment and accuracy of survival prediction using whole liver tumor enhancement analysis from baseline MR after initial TACE in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma.
