Lignin only accounts for about 6%of total mass in tobacco stem,but it inuences the harmful substances in the side stream smoke of cigarette in a significant way.Traditional researches focus only on the determination o...Lignin only accounts for about 6%of total mass in tobacco stem,but it inuences the harmful substances in the side stream smoke of cigarette in a significant way.Traditional researches focus only on the determination of lignin content.In the present work,we investigate four typical imidazolium-based ionic liquids for efficient extraction of lignin under mild conditions and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate([Emim][DEP])shows the best results.The pretreatment of stem using water at 80℃for 30 min can not only remove most of the sugars but also loose the microbers.The extractive rate of lignin reaches 85.38%at 150℃for 4 h and the purity of lignin is 90.21%.展开更多
This work proved that biomass-based polyols (sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerol and ethanediol) were able to be converted into high-value chemical (p-xylene) by catalytic cracking of polyols, alkylation of aromat...This work proved that biomass-based polyols (sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerol and ethanediol) were able to be converted into high-value chemical (p-xylene) by catalytic cracking of polyols, alkylation of aromatics, and the isomerization of xylenes over the SiO2-modified zeolites. Compared to the conventional HZSM-5 zeolite, the SiO2-containing zeolites considerably increased the selectivity and yield of p-xylene due to the reduction of external surface acidity and the narrowing of pore entrance. The influences of the methanol additive, reaction temperature, and types of polyols on the selectivity and yield of p-xylene were investigated in detail. Catalytic cracking of polyols with methanol significantly enhanced the production of p-xylene by the alkylation of toluene with methanol. The highest p-xylene yield of 10.9 C-mol% with a p-xylene/xylenes ratio of 91.1% was obtained over the 15wt%SiO2/HZSM-5 catalyst. The reaction pathway for the formation of p-xylene was addressed according to the study of the key reactions and the characterization of catalysts.展开更多
This work developed a one-step process for renewable p-xylene production by co-catalytic fast pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cellulose and methanol over the different metal oxides modified ZSM5 catalysts. It has been proven th...This work developed a one-step process for renewable p-xylene production by co-catalytic fast pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cellulose and methanol over the different metal oxides modified ZSM5 catalysts. It has been proven that La2O3-modified ZSM5(80) catalyst was an effective one for the production of biobased p-xylene. The selectivity and yield of p-xylene strongly depended on the acidity of the catalysts, reaction temperature, and methanol content. The highest p-xylene yield of 14.5 C-mol% with a p-xylene/xylenes ratio of 86.8% was obtained by the co-CFP of cellulose with 33wt% methanol over 20%La2O3-ZSM5(80) catalyst. The deactivation of the catalysts during the catalytic pyrolysis process was investigated in detail.The reaction pathway for the formation of p-xylene from cellulose was proposed based on the analysis of products and the characterization of catalysts.展开更多
Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication,cell proliferation,and immune regulation during tissue repair,exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for“cell-free therapy”in clinical applicat...Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication,cell proliferation,and immune regulation during tissue repair,exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for“cell-free therapy”in clinical applications.Hydrogels,possessing commendable biocompatibility,degradability,adjustability,and physical properties akin to biological tissues,have also found extensive utility in tissue engineering and regenerative repair.The synergistic combination of exosomes and hydrogels holds the potential not only to enhance the efficiency of exosomes but also to collaboratively advance the tissue repair process.This review has summarized the advancements made over the past decade in the research of hydrogel-exosome systems for regenerating various tissues including skin,bone,cartilage,nerves and tendons,with a focus on the methods for encapsulating and releasing exosomes within the hydrogels.It has also critically examined the gaps and limitations in current research,whilst proposed future directions and potential applications of this innovative approach.展开更多
Urinary stone is conceptualized as a chronic metabolic disorder punctuated by symptomatic stone events.It has been shown that the occurrence of calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM)during stone formation is regulated by cr...Urinary stone is conceptualized as a chronic metabolic disorder punctuated by symptomatic stone events.It has been shown that the occurrence of calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM)during stone formation is regulated by crystal growth modifiers.Although crystallization inhibitors have been recognized as a therapeutic modality for decades,limited progress has been made in the discovery of effective modifiers to intervene with stone disease.In this study,we have used metabolomics technologies,a powerful approach to identify biomarkers by screening the urine components of the dynamic progression in a bladder stone model.By in-depth mining and analysis of metabolomics data,we have screened five differential metabolites.Through density functional theory studies and bulk crystallization,we found that three of them(salicyluric,gentisic acid and succinate)could effectively inhibit nucleation in vitro.We thereby assessed the impact of the inhibitors with an EG-induced rat model for kidney stones.Notably,succinate,a key player in the tricarboxylic acid cycle,could decrease kidney calcium deposition and injury in the model.Transcriptomic analysis further showed that the protective effect of succinate was mainly through anti-inflammation,inhibition of cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation.These findings indicated that succinate may provide a new therapeutic option for urinary stones.展开更多
The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)on Cu catalyst holds great promise for converting CO_(2)into valuable multicarbon(C_(2+))compounds,but still suffers poor selectivity due to the sluggish kinetics ...The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)on Cu catalyst holds great promise for converting CO_(2)into valuable multicarbon(C_(2+))compounds,but still suffers poor selectivity due to the sluggish kinetics of forming carbon–carbon(C–C)bonds.Here we reported a perovskite oxide-derived Cu catalyst with abundant grain boundaries for efficient C–C coupling.These grain boundaries are readily created from the structural reconstruction induced by CO_(2)-assisted La leaching.Using this defective catalyst,we achieved a maximum C_(2+)Faradaic efficiency of 80.3%with partial current density over 400 mA cm−2 in neutral electrolyte in a flow-cell electrolyzer.By combining the structural and spectroscopic investigations,we uncovered that the in-situ generated defective sites trapped by grain boundaries enable favorable CO adsorption and thus promote C–C coupling kinetics for C_(2+)products formation.This work showcases the great potential of perovskite materials for efficient production of valuable multicarbon compounds via CO_(2)RR electrochemistry.展开更多
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (BH2060000062)China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co.,LTD
文摘Lignin only accounts for about 6%of total mass in tobacco stem,but it inuences the harmful substances in the side stream smoke of cigarette in a significant way.Traditional researches focus only on the determination of lignin content.In the present work,we investigate four typical imidazolium-based ionic liquids for efficient extraction of lignin under mild conditions and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate([Emim][DEP])shows the best results.The pretreatment of stem using water at 80℃for 30 min can not only remove most of the sugars but also loose the microbers.The extractive rate of lignin reaches 85.38%at 150℃for 4 h and the purity of lignin is 90.21%.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2018YFB1501404)
文摘This work proved that biomass-based polyols (sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerol and ethanediol) were able to be converted into high-value chemical (p-xylene) by catalytic cracking of polyols, alkylation of aromatics, and the isomerization of xylenes over the SiO2-modified zeolites. Compared to the conventional HZSM-5 zeolite, the SiO2-containing zeolites considerably increased the selectivity and yield of p-xylene due to the reduction of external surface acidity and the narrowing of pore entrance. The influences of the methanol additive, reaction temperature, and types of polyols on the selectivity and yield of p-xylene were investigated in detail. Catalytic cracking of polyols with methanol significantly enhanced the production of p-xylene by the alkylation of toluene with methanol. The highest p-xylene yield of 10.9 C-mol% with a p-xylene/xylenes ratio of 91.1% was obtained over the 15wt%SiO2/HZSM-5 catalyst. The reaction pathway for the formation of p-xylene was addressed according to the study of the key reactions and the characterization of catalysts.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Program of China(2013CB228105)
文摘This work developed a one-step process for renewable p-xylene production by co-catalytic fast pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cellulose and methanol over the different metal oxides modified ZSM5 catalysts. It has been proven that La2O3-modified ZSM5(80) catalyst was an effective one for the production of biobased p-xylene. The selectivity and yield of p-xylene strongly depended on the acidity of the catalysts, reaction temperature, and methanol content. The highest p-xylene yield of 14.5 C-mol% with a p-xylene/xylenes ratio of 86.8% was obtained by the co-CFP of cellulose with 33wt% methanol over 20%La2O3-ZSM5(80) catalyst. The deactivation of the catalysts during the catalytic pyrolysis process was investigated in detail.The reaction pathway for the formation of p-xylene from cellulose was proposed based on the analysis of products and the characterization of catalysts.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,Frontiers Medical Center,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory Foundation(TFJC2023010002)“1.3.5”Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(ZYGD23037).
文摘Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication,cell proliferation,and immune regulation during tissue repair,exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for“cell-free therapy”in clinical applications.Hydrogels,possessing commendable biocompatibility,degradability,adjustability,and physical properties akin to biological tissues,have also found extensive utility in tissue engineering and regenerative repair.The synergistic combination of exosomes and hydrogels holds the potential not only to enhance the efficiency of exosomes but also to collaboratively advance the tissue repair process.This review has summarized the advancements made over the past decade in the research of hydrogel-exosome systems for regenerating various tissues including skin,bone,cartilage,nerves and tendons,with a focus on the methods for encapsulating and releasing exosomes within the hydrogels.It has also critically examined the gaps and limitations in current research,whilst proposed future directions and potential applications of this innovative approach.
基金This study has been jointly sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32171351)the“1.3.5”Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Grant No.ZYJC18002)+2 种基金Med-X Innovation Program of Med-X Center for Materials,Sichuan University(Grant No.MCM202104)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722277)the Sichuan University postdoctoral interdisciplinary Innovation Fund.We thank Ms.Lei Wu and Bo Su from Histology and Imaging Platform,Core Facilities of West China,Sichuan University,Mr.Yun-fei Tian and Shu-guang Yan from the Analytical&Testing Center of Sichuan University,Sichuan University,and Ms.Nian-guo Zhu from Institute of Respiratory Health,West China Hospital,Sichuan University for the technique supports.We thank Xi-jing Yang and Xiao-ting Chen form the Animal Experimental Center of West China Hospital for assistance in animal experiments.
文摘Urinary stone is conceptualized as a chronic metabolic disorder punctuated by symptomatic stone events.It has been shown that the occurrence of calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM)during stone formation is regulated by crystal growth modifiers.Although crystallization inhibitors have been recognized as a therapeutic modality for decades,limited progress has been made in the discovery of effective modifiers to intervene with stone disease.In this study,we have used metabolomics technologies,a powerful approach to identify biomarkers by screening the urine components of the dynamic progression in a bladder stone model.By in-depth mining and analysis of metabolomics data,we have screened five differential metabolites.Through density functional theory studies and bulk crystallization,we found that three of them(salicyluric,gentisic acid and succinate)could effectively inhibit nucleation in vitro.We thereby assessed the impact of the inhibitors with an EG-induced rat model for kidney stones.Notably,succinate,a key player in the tricarboxylic acid cycle,could decrease kidney calcium deposition and injury in the model.Transcriptomic analysis further showed that the protective effect of succinate was mainly through anti-inflammation,inhibition of cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation.These findings indicated that succinate may provide a new therapeutic option for urinary stones.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2018YFA0702001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975237 and 51702312)+4 种基金Anhui Provincial Research and Development Program(202004a05020073)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2340002007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2340000101)the Technical Talent Promotion Plan(TS2021002)the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts.
文摘The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)on Cu catalyst holds great promise for converting CO_(2)into valuable multicarbon(C_(2+))compounds,but still suffers poor selectivity due to the sluggish kinetics of forming carbon–carbon(C–C)bonds.Here we reported a perovskite oxide-derived Cu catalyst with abundant grain boundaries for efficient C–C coupling.These grain boundaries are readily created from the structural reconstruction induced by CO_(2)-assisted La leaching.Using this defective catalyst,we achieved a maximum C_(2+)Faradaic efficiency of 80.3%with partial current density over 400 mA cm−2 in neutral electrolyte in a flow-cell electrolyzer.By combining the structural and spectroscopic investigations,we uncovered that the in-situ generated defective sites trapped by grain boundaries enable favorable CO adsorption and thus promote C–C coupling kinetics for C_(2+)products formation.This work showcases the great potential of perovskite materials for efficient production of valuable multicarbon compounds via CO_(2)RR electrochemistry.
