Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)bring more innovation and attraction to outdoor mobile high-definition(HD)live streaming with its unique perspective.Due to the heavy computational requirements of HD live broadcast tasks...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)bring more innovation and attraction to outdoor mobile high-definition(HD)live streaming with its unique perspective.Due to the heavy computational requirements of HD live broadcast tasks and the limited hardware performance of UAV equipment,how to reduce the system response delay and improve the energy efficiency of terminal equipment directly affects the secure broadcast of the system.Secure task offloading in this scenario is considered a promising solution and has received academic attention.In this paper,we simulate the UAV-aided outdoor mobile HD live streaming scenarios and optimize the relevant task offloading strategies.First,we design the total cost function of task offloading that jointly optimizes secure time latency and energy consumption.Additionally,we propose a collaborative computing model for multi-UAV task offloading.This model combines the idea of simulated annealing(SA)and introduces the compression factor to enhance the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to realize secure task offloading.The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has better performance in balancing network latency and energy consumption.Compared with the discrete teaching–learning-based optimization(DTLBO)and quantum PSO(QPSO)task offloading strategies,the fitness value of the proposed strategy is decreased by an average of 26.73%and 16.42%,respectively.展开更多
Asian cultivated rice is one of the most important cereal crops globally,feeding approximately 50%of the world's population.Increasing rice nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)is crucial for achieving high yields with low...Asian cultivated rice is one of the most important cereal crops globally,feeding approximately 50%of the world's population.Increasing rice nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)is crucial for achieving high yields with low nitrogen inputs(Xu et al.,2012;Hu et al.,2023).However,modern cultivars are typically bred for high yields through excessive nitrogen fertilizer use,leading to the loss of beneficial alleles associated with high NUE during the breeding process(Wang and Peng,2017;Hu et al.,2023).Genetic improvement for high NUE should be a key strategy in breeding“Green Super Rice”(GSR)(Yu et al.,2021)and water-saving and drought-resistance rice(WDR)(Luo,2010;Xia et al.,2022)for sustainable agriculture.Asian cultivated rice is highly diverse and harbors vital genetic variants essential for adaptation to different environments(Wing et al.,2018).展开更多
Texas experienced the worst drought in its 100-year history in 2011,resulting in the death of approximately 300 million trees.The high number of sudden deaths had a significant impact on forest ecosystems.This study a...Texas experienced the worst drought in its 100-year history in 2011,resulting in the death of approximately 300 million trees.The high number of sudden deaths had a significant impact on forest ecosystems.This study aimed to gain insight into the long-term and combined impacts of drought-induced forest tree deaths and their effects on biomass.This study used data obtained from 1797 National Forest Inventory(NFI)plots to analyze trends and major causes of changes in tree biomass at the sample plot level in East Texas forests over the past 20 years(2000-2019).In this study,forest trees in East Texas were divided into diameter at breast height(dbh),height,stand types,latitude,elevation,ecological zones,and FIA Unit.Principal component analysis(PCA)was also performed using drought intensity,drought duration,the four competing factor indicators,and the biomass loss rate of forest trees to better understand r drought impacts on forest trees.The results showed the lowest biomass loss rate of Pine species.Similarly,trees with shorter height and smaller dbh experienced a higher biomass loss rate.A higher biomass loss rate was observed in natural forests,West Gulf Coastal Plain and Plain and Southern East Texas ecoregion experienced higher biomass loss.Principal component analyses of drought intensity,drought duration,and the four competing metrics revealed that overall drought was the main contributor to biomass loss rates,and that drought intensity and drought duration had comparable effects on biomass loss rates.展开更多
AIM:To explore the effect of co-host non-coding RNA(ncRNA)MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on the angiogenesis of pterygium.METHODS:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2)expression levels in pterygium tissues,control...AIM:To explore the effect of co-host non-coding RNA(ncRNA)MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on the angiogenesis of pterygium.METHODS:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2)expression levels in pterygium tissues,control conjunctival tissues,and human pterygium fibroblasts(HPF)were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and immunohistochemical methods.Effects of MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on low molecular weight FGF2(LWM FGF2),migration and angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)were determined in an HPF and HRMEC co-culture model using Western blots,wound healing assay,Matrigel-based tube formation assay,and Transwell assay.RESULTS:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/FGF2 pathway was actively increased in pterygium tissue and there was a negative correlation between the expression of the two ncRNAs.FGF2 expression level was positively correlated with MIR503HG and negatively correlated with miR-503-5p.Overexpressed MIR503HG/miR-503-5p did not affect the migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs cultured separately,but significantly affected migration and angiogenesis of HRMEC in HPF and HRMEC co-culture models.Western blotting revealed that MIR503HG/miR-503-5p overexpression significantly increased LMW FGF2 expression in HPF.CONCLUSION:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p inhibits HRMEC migration and angiogenic function by interfering with the interaction between HPF and endothelial cells via reducing LMW FGF2 in HPF.展开更多
Wound dressings with tissue adhesion,good mechanical,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory performance are urgently needed.In this work,we present a multifunctional selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)/citric acid/gelatin/hydrox...Wound dressings with tissue adhesion,good mechanical,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory performance are urgently needed.In this work,we present a multifunctional selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)/citric acid/gelatin/hydroxysuccinimide-grafted polyacrylic acid nanocomposite hydrogel adhesive(SCA) specifically designed for wound healing applications.The SCA was prepared via a one-pot processing,where SeNPs synthesized via chemical reduction were incorporated.These SeNPs not only endowed SCA with robust wet adhesion ability,excellent stretchability,and skin-matched elasticity modulus by serving as a physical crosslinker to modulate swelling equilibrium and molecular slippage,but also enhanced the biocompatibility and free radical scavenging capacity of SCA.Furthermore,in vivo evaluation of full-thickness cutaneous defects of rats revealed that SCA effectively reduced inflammation,promoted wound closure,and increased collagen deposition.All these results demonstrated that the developed SCA offers a promising therapeutic strategy for wound healing applications.展开更多
This study devoted to optimize the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)parameters for the preparation of Zr-2.5Nb alloys,and was focused on power of incident laser beam and its scanning speed.The microstructure,mechanical an...This study devoted to optimize the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)parameters for the preparation of Zr-2.5Nb alloys,and was focused on power of incident laser beam and its scanning speed.The microstructure,mechanical and corrosion properties of samples prepared at different laser powers were investigated.The results show that high quality samples were obtained with the relative density over 99%,ultimate tensile strength of 980 MPa,and the elongation at fracture of 14.18%.At a scanning speed of 1400 mm/s,with increasing laser power from 120 to 180 W,two transformation processes:α'martensite coarsening and transition from an acicular into a zigzag structure(β→α'/α→α+β)occurred.Densification andα'martensite transition improved ductility and corrosion resistance at optimal value of the laser power while lower or higher laser power resulted in decreasing the ductility and corrosion resistance because of unfused particles and pores.Increasingβ-Zr amount and size decreased the tensile strength due to the dislocation movement.Passive films,which were spontaneously formed at different laser powers,possessed an optimum corrosion resistance at the laser power of 160 W.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the choroidal vascular index(CVI)and the choroidal structural changes beyond the subfoveal area(analyzed across a 20 mm×24 mm scanning area)in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy...AIM:To investigate the choroidal vascular index(CVI)and the choroidal structural changes beyond the subfoveal area(analyzed across a 20 mm×24 mm scanning area)in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(cCSC)eyes with macular neovascularization(MNV)using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(UWF SS-OCTA).METHODS:This retrospective comparative study included 46 cCSC with MNV eyes(With MNV group),52 cCSC without MNV eyes(Without MNV group),and 40 age-matched healthy controls.UWF SS-OCTA imaging with a 20 mm×24 mm protocol was used to quantify CVI across 9 subfields(superotemporal,superior,superonasal,temporal,central,nasal,inferotemporal,inferior,and inferonasal).The CVI was compared among the groups.RESULTS:With MNV group demonstrated significantly older mean age than Without MNV group(56.2±6.1 vs 47.5±8.6y,P<0.001).The CVI was significantly lower in the With MNV group than in the Without MNV group,except in the superotemporal,superior,and temporal regions(all P<0.05).Notably,despite MNV-associated CVI reductions,the With MNV group maintained a higher CVI than the control group in all 5 subfields(superior,temporal,central,inferior,and inferonasal;all P<0.05).In the central region,CONCLUSION:CVI decreases,and choroidal structural changes extend beyond the subfoveal area in cCSC with MNV eyes,providing with an imaging evidence for the important role of choroidal ischemia in the pathogenesis of MNV in cCSC.展开更多
Tunable mid-infrared lasers are essential for optical sensing and imaging.Existing technologies,however,face challenges in simultaneously achieving broadband spectral tunability and ultra-rapid scan rates,limiting the...Tunable mid-infrared lasers are essential for optical sensing and imaging.Existing technologies,however,face challenges in simultaneously achieving broadband spectral tunability and ultra-rapid scan rates,limiting their utility in dynamic scenarios such as real-time characterization of multiple molecular absorption bands.We present a high-speed approach for broadband wavelength sweeping in the mid-infrared region,leveraging spectral focusing via difference-frequency generation between a chirped fiber laser and an asynchronous,frequency-modulated electro-optic comb.This method enables pulse-to-pulse spectral tuning at a speed of 5.6 THz∕μs with 380 elements.Applied to spectroscopic sensing,our technique achieves broad spectral coverage(2600 to 3780 cm−1)with moderate spectral resolution(8 cm−1)and rapid acquisition time(-6.3μs).Notably,the controllable electro-optic comb facilitates high scan rates of up to 2 Mscans∕s across the full spectral range(corresponding to a speed of 60 THz∕μs),with trade-offs in number of elements(-30)and spectral point spacing or resolution(33 cm−1).Nevertheless,these capabilities make our platform highly promising for applications such as flow cytometry,chemical reaction monitoring,and mid-infrared ranging and imaging.展开更多
Generally, the dental pulp needs to be removed when it is infected, and root canal therapy(RCT) is usually required in which infected dental pulp is replaced with inorganic materials(paste and gutta percha). This trea...Generally, the dental pulp needs to be removed when it is infected, and root canal therapy(RCT) is usually required in which infected dental pulp is replaced with inorganic materials(paste and gutta percha). This treatment approach ultimately brings about a dead tooth. However, pulp vitality is extremely important to the tooth itself, since it provides nutrition and acts as a biosensor to detect the potential pathogenic stimuli. Despite the reported clinical success rate, RCT-treated teeth are destined to be devitalized, brittle and susceptible to postoperative fracture. Recently, the advances and achievements in the field of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine have inspired novel biological approaches to apexogenesis in young patients suffer-ing from pulpitis or periapical periodontitis. This review mainly focuses on the benchtop and clinical regeneration of root apex mediated by adult stem cells. Moreover, current strategies for infected pulp therapy are also discussed here.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62271454 and 62171119).
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)bring more innovation and attraction to outdoor mobile high-definition(HD)live streaming with its unique perspective.Due to the heavy computational requirements of HD live broadcast tasks and the limited hardware performance of UAV equipment,how to reduce the system response delay and improve the energy efficiency of terminal equipment directly affects the secure broadcast of the system.Secure task offloading in this scenario is considered a promising solution and has received academic attention.In this paper,we simulate the UAV-aided outdoor mobile HD live streaming scenarios and optimize the relevant task offloading strategies.First,we design the total cost function of task offloading that jointly optimizes secure time latency and energy consumption.Additionally,we propose a collaborative computing model for multi-UAV task offloading.This model combines the idea of simulated annealing(SA)and introduces the compression factor to enhance the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to realize secure task offloading.The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has better performance in balancing network latency and energy consumption.Compared with the discrete teaching–learning-based optimization(DTLBO)and quantum PSO(QPSO)task offloading strategies,the fitness value of the proposed strategy is decreased by an average of 26.73%and 16.42%,respectively.
基金supported by Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20399)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23JC1403500,22ZR1455300)+2 种基金Specific university discipline construction project(2023B10564002,2023B10564004)Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(2024-02-08-00-12-F00028)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01).
文摘Asian cultivated rice is one of the most important cereal crops globally,feeding approximately 50%of the world's population.Increasing rice nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)is crucial for achieving high yields with low nitrogen inputs(Xu et al.,2012;Hu et al.,2023).However,modern cultivars are typically bred for high yields through excessive nitrogen fertilizer use,leading to the loss of beneficial alleles associated with high NUE during the breeding process(Wang and Peng,2017;Hu et al.,2023).Genetic improvement for high NUE should be a key strategy in breeding“Green Super Rice”(GSR)(Yu et al.,2021)and water-saving and drought-resistance rice(WDR)(Luo,2010;Xia et al.,2022)for sustainable agriculture.Asian cultivated rice is highly diverse and harbors vital genetic variants essential for adaptation to different environments(Wing et al.,2018).
基金supported by a Forest Health Monitoring(FHM)award from the USDA Forest Service(Grant No.:19-DG-11083150-030)to Dr.Weimin Xi。
文摘Texas experienced the worst drought in its 100-year history in 2011,resulting in the death of approximately 300 million trees.The high number of sudden deaths had a significant impact on forest ecosystems.This study aimed to gain insight into the long-term and combined impacts of drought-induced forest tree deaths and their effects on biomass.This study used data obtained from 1797 National Forest Inventory(NFI)plots to analyze trends and major causes of changes in tree biomass at the sample plot level in East Texas forests over the past 20 years(2000-2019).In this study,forest trees in East Texas were divided into diameter at breast height(dbh),height,stand types,latitude,elevation,ecological zones,and FIA Unit.Principal component analysis(PCA)was also performed using drought intensity,drought duration,the four competing factor indicators,and the biomass loss rate of forest trees to better understand r drought impacts on forest trees.The results showed the lowest biomass loss rate of Pine species.Similarly,trees with shorter height and smaller dbh experienced a higher biomass loss rate.A higher biomass loss rate was observed in natural forests,West Gulf Coastal Plain and Plain and Southern East Texas ecoregion experienced higher biomass loss.Principal component analyses of drought intensity,drought duration,and the four competing metrics revealed that overall drought was the main contributor to biomass loss rates,and that drought intensity and drought duration had comparable effects on biomass loss rates.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81770898).
文摘AIM:To explore the effect of co-host non-coding RNA(ncRNA)MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on the angiogenesis of pterygium.METHODS:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2)expression levels in pterygium tissues,control conjunctival tissues,and human pterygium fibroblasts(HPF)were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and immunohistochemical methods.Effects of MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on low molecular weight FGF2(LWM FGF2),migration and angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)were determined in an HPF and HRMEC co-culture model using Western blots,wound healing assay,Matrigel-based tube formation assay,and Transwell assay.RESULTS:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/FGF2 pathway was actively increased in pterygium tissue and there was a negative correlation between the expression of the two ncRNAs.FGF2 expression level was positively correlated with MIR503HG and negatively correlated with miR-503-5p.Overexpressed MIR503HG/miR-503-5p did not affect the migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs cultured separately,but significantly affected migration and angiogenesis of HRMEC in HPF and HRMEC co-culture models.Western blotting revealed that MIR503HG/miR-503-5p overexpression significantly increased LMW FGF2 expression in HPF.CONCLUSION:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p inhibits HRMEC migration and angiogenic function by interfering with the interaction between HPF and endothelial cells via reducing LMW FGF2 in HPF.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52403042)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742472)。
文摘Wound dressings with tissue adhesion,good mechanical,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory performance are urgently needed.In this work,we present a multifunctional selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)/citric acid/gelatin/hydroxysuccinimide-grafted polyacrylic acid nanocomposite hydrogel adhesive(SCA) specifically designed for wound healing applications.The SCA was prepared via a one-pot processing,where SeNPs synthesized via chemical reduction were incorporated.These SeNPs not only endowed SCA with robust wet adhesion ability,excellent stretchability,and skin-matched elasticity modulus by serving as a physical crosslinker to modulate swelling equilibrium and molecular slippage,but also enhanced the biocompatibility and free radical scavenging capacity of SCA.Furthermore,in vivo evaluation of full-thickness cutaneous defects of rats revealed that SCA effectively reduced inflammation,promoted wound closure,and increased collagen deposition.All these results demonstrated that the developed SCA offers a promising therapeutic strategy for wound healing applications.
基金supported by the National Key Area Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4606702)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2022B1515120066)+2 种基金Dongguan Key Area Research and Development Program,China(No.20221200300182)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271032)Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province,China(No.K22251901).
文摘This study devoted to optimize the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)parameters for the preparation of Zr-2.5Nb alloys,and was focused on power of incident laser beam and its scanning speed.The microstructure,mechanical and corrosion properties of samples prepared at different laser powers were investigated.The results show that high quality samples were obtained with the relative density over 99%,ultimate tensile strength of 980 MPa,and the elongation at fracture of 14.18%.At a scanning speed of 1400 mm/s,with increasing laser power from 120 to 180 W,two transformation processes:α'martensite coarsening and transition from an acicular into a zigzag structure(β→α'/α→α+β)occurred.Densification andα'martensite transition improved ductility and corrosion resistance at optimal value of the laser power while lower or higher laser power resulted in decreasing the ductility and corrosion resistance because of unfused particles and pores.Increasingβ-Zr amount and size decreased the tensile strength due to the dislocation movement.Passive films,which were spontaneously formed at different laser powers,possessed an optimum corrosion resistance at the laser power of 160 W.
基金Supported by General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82471110)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2502805)Postdoctoral Foundation of General Hospital of Central Theater Command(No.20210517KY04).
文摘AIM:To investigate the choroidal vascular index(CVI)and the choroidal structural changes beyond the subfoveal area(analyzed across a 20 mm×24 mm scanning area)in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(cCSC)eyes with macular neovascularization(MNV)using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(UWF SS-OCTA).METHODS:This retrospective comparative study included 46 cCSC with MNV eyes(With MNV group),52 cCSC without MNV eyes(Without MNV group),and 40 age-matched healthy controls.UWF SS-OCTA imaging with a 20 mm×24 mm protocol was used to quantify CVI across 9 subfields(superotemporal,superior,superonasal,temporal,central,nasal,inferotemporal,inferior,and inferonasal).The CVI was compared among the groups.RESULTS:With MNV group demonstrated significantly older mean age than Without MNV group(56.2±6.1 vs 47.5±8.6y,P<0.001).The CVI was significantly lower in the With MNV group than in the Without MNV group,except in the superotemporal,superior,and temporal regions(all P<0.05).Notably,despite MNV-associated CVI reductions,the With MNV group maintained a higher CVI than the control group in all 5 subfields(superior,temporal,central,inferior,and inferonasal;all P<0.05).In the central region,CONCLUSION:CVI decreases,and choroidal structural changes extend beyond the subfoveal area in cCSC with MNV eyes,providing with an imaging evidence for the important role of choroidal ischemia in the pathogenesis of MNV in cCSC.
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2023ZD0301000)the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Develop-ment Project(Grant No.CSTB2022TIAD-DEX0031).
文摘Tunable mid-infrared lasers are essential for optical sensing and imaging.Existing technologies,however,face challenges in simultaneously achieving broadband spectral tunability and ultra-rapid scan rates,limiting their utility in dynamic scenarios such as real-time characterization of multiple molecular absorption bands.We present a high-speed approach for broadband wavelength sweeping in the mid-infrared region,leveraging spectral focusing via difference-frequency generation between a chirped fiber laser and an asynchronous,frequency-modulated electro-optic comb.This method enables pulse-to-pulse spectral tuning at a speed of 5.6 THz∕μs with 380 elements.Applied to spectroscopic sensing,our technique achieves broad spectral coverage(2600 to 3780 cm−1)with moderate spectral resolution(8 cm−1)and rapid acquisition time(-6.3μs).Notably,the controllable electro-optic comb facilitates high scan rates of up to 2 Mscans∕s across the full spectral range(corresponding to a speed of 60 THz∕μs),with trade-offs in number of elements(-30)and spectral point spacing or resolution(33 cm−1).Nevertheless,these capabilities make our platform highly promising for applications such as flow cytometry,chemical reaction monitoring,and mid-infrared ranging and imaging.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81371144Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20131392the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions PAPD,No.2011-137
文摘Generally, the dental pulp needs to be removed when it is infected, and root canal therapy(RCT) is usually required in which infected dental pulp is replaced with inorganic materials(paste and gutta percha). This treatment approach ultimately brings about a dead tooth. However, pulp vitality is extremely important to the tooth itself, since it provides nutrition and acts as a biosensor to detect the potential pathogenic stimuli. Despite the reported clinical success rate, RCT-treated teeth are destined to be devitalized, brittle and susceptible to postoperative fracture. Recently, the advances and achievements in the field of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine have inspired novel biological approaches to apexogenesis in young patients suffer-ing from pulpitis or periapical periodontitis. This review mainly focuses on the benchtop and clinical regeneration of root apex mediated by adult stem cells. Moreover, current strategies for infected pulp therapy are also discussed here.
