We conducted an analysis of the continuum during the onset and initial decline phases of the 2023 outburst in transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary Aql X–1 using broadband observations from the Hard X-ray Modu...We conducted an analysis of the continuum during the onset and initial decline phases of the 2023 outburst in transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary Aql X–1 using broadband observations from the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT)instrument.To determine the most appropriate model for the continuum of this outburst,we employed three models to explore the evolution of the spectral component.These observations revealed that the source transitions from the hard state to the soft state.The disk-corona and sphere-corona models both adequately described the spectra of the hard state,while the double blackbody model became preferable after the hard X-ray emission(>25 keV)disappeared during the state transition.In the soft state,the total emission is dominated by the accretion disk and two blackbody components.The combination of the sphere-corona model and the double blackbody model is the most suitable model for this outburst.The results suggest that as the source transitioned into the soft state,the emission from the boundary layer was enhanced,and a hot spot occurred.Notably,we identified two type-ⅠX-ray bursts,one of which exhibited a significant hard X-ray deficit(significance~4.82σ),which indicates that Insight-HXMT has the capability to capture the evolution of the corona in a single burst.展开更多
Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in all...Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms,inhibiting disease progress,reducing mortality,and improving the cure rate of patients with COVID-19.During the pandemic,“three medicines and three formulas”(TMTFs)stood out from hundreds of others in registered clinical studies,which became highly recommended as TCM for COVID-19 treatment.The TMTFs not only effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of fever,cough,fatigue,and phlegm,but also substantially shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion,improve lung computed tomography imaging features and inflammation,ameliorate clinical biochemical indicators,and reduce sequelae.Their potential pharmacological mechanisms are mainly related to the crosstalk between viral toxicity,endothelial damage,cytokine storm,immune response,and microthrombus.In brief,the clinical effects and the potential mechanisms of TMTFs on COVID-19 were systematically analyzed and summarized covering the entirety of disease development,including virus invasion and replication,immune response and cytokine storm,and acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.This review provides a theoretical basis and reference for the in-depth understanding of the positive role of TMTFs in COVID-19 treatment.展开更多
Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main p...Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main payloads:Spectroscopy Focusing Array(SFA),Polarimetry Focusing Array(PFA),and a Wide-field Camera(W2C).This white paper outlines observatory science,incorporating key scientific advances and instrumental changes since the publication of the previous white paper.We will discuss perspectives of eXTP on the research domains of flare stars,supernova remnants,pulsar wind nebulae,cataclysmic variables,X-ray binaries,ultraluminous X-ray sources,active galactic nucleus(AGN),and pulsar-based positioning and timekeeping.展开更多
In this white paper,we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray timing and polarimetry(eXTP)mission to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in neutron stars,exploring regimes not directly accessible to t...In this white paper,we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray timing and polarimetry(eXTP)mission to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in neutron stars,exploring regimes not directly accessible to terrestrial experiments.By observing a diverse population of neutron stars—including isolated objects,X-ray bursters,and accreting systems—eXTP’s unique combination of timing,spectroscopy,and polarimetry enables high-precision measurements of compactness,spin,surface temperature,polarimetric signals,and timing irregularity.These multifaceted observations,combined with advances in theoretical modeling,pave the way toward a comprehensive description of the properties and phases of dense matter from the crust to the core of neutron stars.Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the eXTP mission is planned to be launched in early 2030.展开更多
COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination...COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination with Western medicine(WM),has made important and lasting contributions in the battle against COVID-19.In this review,updated clinical effects and potential mechanisms of TCM,presented in newly recognized three distinct phases of the disease,are summarized and discussed.By integrating the available clinical and preclinical evidence,the efficacies and underlying mechanisms of TCM on COVID-19,including the highly recommended three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas,are described in a panorama.We hope that this comprehensive review not only provides a reference for health care professionals and the public to recognize the significant contributions of TCM for COVID-19,but also serves as an evidence-based in-depth summary and analysis to facilitate understanding the true scientific value of TCM.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFE0101200)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0718500)+3 种基金Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program(Yun Ling Scholar Award)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)grant 12393813the science research grants from the China Manned Space Projectsupported by Hunan Education Department Foundation(grant No.21A0096)。
文摘We conducted an analysis of the continuum during the onset and initial decline phases of the 2023 outburst in transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary Aql X–1 using broadband observations from the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT)instrument.To determine the most appropriate model for the continuum of this outburst,we employed three models to explore the evolution of the spectral component.These observations revealed that the source transitions from the hard state to the soft state.The disk-corona and sphere-corona models both adequately described the spectra of the hard state,while the double blackbody model became preferable after the hard X-ray emission(>25 keV)disappeared during the state transition.In the soft state,the total emission is dominated by the accretion disk and two blackbody components.The combination of the sphere-corona model and the double blackbody model is the most suitable model for this outburst.The results suggest that as the source transitioned into the soft state,the emission from the boundary layer was enhanced,and a hot spot occurred.Notably,we identified two type-ⅠX-ray bursts,one of which exhibited a significant hard X-ray deficit(significance~4.82σ),which indicates that Insight-HXMT has the capability to capture the evolution of the corona in a single burst.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC 82104431)Open project of State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine (CBCM2020201)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFA0708004)Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Project (2022KJ148).
文摘Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms,inhibiting disease progress,reducing mortality,and improving the cure rate of patients with COVID-19.During the pandemic,“three medicines and three formulas”(TMTFs)stood out from hundreds of others in registered clinical studies,which became highly recommended as TCM for COVID-19 treatment.The TMTFs not only effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of fever,cough,fatigue,and phlegm,but also substantially shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion,improve lung computed tomography imaging features and inflammation,ameliorate clinical biochemical indicators,and reduce sequelae.Their potential pharmacological mechanisms are mainly related to the crosstalk between viral toxicity,endothelial damage,cytokine storm,immune response,and microthrombus.In brief,the clinical effects and the potential mechanisms of TMTFs on COVID-19 were systematically analyzed and summarized covering the entirety of disease development,including virus invasion and replication,immune response and cytokine storm,and acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.This review provides a theoretical basis and reference for the in-depth understanding of the positive role of TMTFs in COVID-19 treatment.
基金supported by the China’s Space Origins Exploration Program,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12273010,12333007,12433004,12233002,12373041,and 12422306)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)+9 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA15020100)the Spanish MICIU(Grant Nos.PID2021-124581OB-I0,PID2024-155316NB-I00,and 2021SGR00426)the Ramon y Cajal Fellowship(Grant Nos.RYC2021-032718-I,and RYC2018-025950-I)the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR,the Spanish MINECO(Grant Nos.PID2022-136828NB-C44,and PID2023-148661NB-I00)the E.U.FEDER Funds,the AGAUR/Generalitat de Catalunya(Grant No.SGR-386/2021)the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)-Projektnummer(Grant No.549824807)the Programma di Ricerca Fondamentale INAF 2023,the National SKA Program of China(Grant No.2020SKA0120300)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA0718500)the Xinjiang Tianchi Program,the Hong Kong Government under HKU(Grant No.17304524)the Bagui Scholars Program.
文摘Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main payloads:Spectroscopy Focusing Array(SFA),Polarimetry Focusing Array(PFA),and a Wide-field Camera(W2C).This white paper outlines observatory science,incorporating key scientific advances and instrumental changes since the publication of the previous white paper.We will discuss perspectives of eXTP on the research domains of flare stars,supernova remnants,pulsar wind nebulae,cataclysmic variables,X-ray binaries,ultraluminous X-ray sources,active galactic nucleus(AGN),and pulsar-based positioning and timekeeping.
基金supported by China’s Space Origins Exploration Programsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12273028)+36 种基金support from ERC Consolidator (Grant No.865768) AEONSsupport from NWO grant ENW-XL OCENW.XL21.XL21.038the support of the CNESsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12333007)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDA15020100)supported by the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovation Talents (Grant No.BX20240223)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (Grant No.2024M761948)support from a Ramon y Cajal fellowship (Grant No.RYC2021-032718-I) financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union Next Generation EU/PRTRsupported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Grant No.2023D01E20)the National SKA Program of China (Grant No.2020SKA0120300)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12033001,and 12473039)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LQ24A030002)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12003009)supported by the National SKA Program of China (Grant No.2020SKA0120200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12041303)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.1227303)supported by the National SKA Program of China (Grant No.2020SKA0120300)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.1242018)the Max Planck Partner Group Program funded by the Max Planck Societysupported by JSPS KAKENHI (the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Grantsin-Aid for Scientific Research) (Grant Nos.23K19056,and 25K17403)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12175109)support from FCT (Fundacao para a Ciência e a Tecnologia,I.P.,Portugal) (Grant Nos.UIDB/04564/2020,and 2022.06460.PTDC)supported from the program Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-Mfrom the project PID2022-139427NB-I00 financed by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER,UE (FSE+)by the CRC-TR 211 “Strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions” -project Nr.315477589-TRR 211support from grant PID2021-124581OB-I0,PID2024-155316NB-I00,and 2021SGR00426supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12122513)supported in part by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant No.101020842)by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG,German Research Foundation)-Project-ID 279384907-SFB 1245support from the ERC Consolidator (Grant No.101002352) (LOVENEST)supported by the European Research Council (ERC) via the Consolidator Grant “MAGNESIA” (Grant No.817661)the Proof of Concept “Deep Space Pulse” (Grant No.101189496)the Catalan grant SGR2021-01269the Spanish grant ID2023-153099NA-I00the program Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-Msupported by the Research Council of Finland (Grant No.354533).
文摘In this white paper,we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray timing and polarimetry(eXTP)mission to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in neutron stars,exploring regimes not directly accessible to terrestrial experiments.By observing a diverse population of neutron stars—including isolated objects,X-ray bursters,and accreting systems—eXTP’s unique combination of timing,spectroscopy,and polarimetry enables high-precision measurements of compactness,spin,surface temperature,polarimetric signals,and timing irregularity.These multifaceted observations,combined with advances in theoretical modeling,pave the way toward a comprehensive description of the properties and phases of dense matter from the crust to the core of neutron stars.Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the eXTP mission is planned to be launched in early 2030.
基金supported by grants from National Science and Technology Emergency Project(Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Control COVID-19,2020yfc0841600,China)National Major Science and Technology Projects of China(2018YFC1704502,2020YFA0708004)+2 种基金National Science Foundation of China(NSFC 82104431)Open project of State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine(CBCM2020201,China)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant(2019M650989)。
文摘COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination with Western medicine(WM),has made important and lasting contributions in the battle against COVID-19.In this review,updated clinical effects and potential mechanisms of TCM,presented in newly recognized three distinct phases of the disease,are summarized and discussed.By integrating the available clinical and preclinical evidence,the efficacies and underlying mechanisms of TCM on COVID-19,including the highly recommended three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas,are described in a panorama.We hope that this comprehensive review not only provides a reference for health care professionals and the public to recognize the significant contributions of TCM for COVID-19,but also serves as an evidence-based in-depth summary and analysis to facilitate understanding the true scientific value of TCM.
