BACKGROUND Early detection of rectal cancer poses significant challenges.Current diagnostic methods,including colonoscopy,imaging techniques,and fecal tests,have limitations such as invasiveness,cost,and varying sensi...BACKGROUND Early detection of rectal cancer poses significant challenges.Current diagnostic methods,including colonoscopy,imaging techniques,and fecal tests,have limitations such as invasiveness,cost,and varying sensitivity.This study evaluated the diagnostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in rectal cancer patients.AIM To investigate the value of a multi-marker approach for the preoperative diagnosis of rectal cancer.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 250 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer between July 2022 and July 2024 was conducted.Preoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cancer antigen 125(CA125),CA19-9,CA15-3,and CA72-4 were analyzed.All blood samples were collected under standardized conditions,including fasting status and proper storage methods,within two weeks before surgery.Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Correlations among clinicopathological features were also evaluated.RESULTS CEA demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance among individual tumor markers with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.78[95%confidence interval(CI):0.73-0.83].However,a combination of CEA,CA19-9,and CA72-4 showed superior performance,achieving an AUC of 0.87(95%CI:0.83-0.91).Significant correlations were observed between CEA levels and several clinicopatho-logical features,including tumor stage(P<0.001),lymph node involvement(P=0.002),and distant metastasis(P<0.001).Furthermore,in a subgroup analysis of patients diagnosed after July 2022,the integration of fecal occult blood testing with the tumor marker panel(CEA+CA19-9+CA72-4)significantly improved diagnostic accuracy,increasing the AUC to 0.91(95%CI:0.86-0.96).CONCLUSION A multimarker approach combining CEA,CA19-9,and CA72-4 with fecal occult blood testing enhances the preoperative assessment of patients with rectal cancer.These findings suggest potential improvements in risk stratification and management of patients with rectal cancer.展开更多
Food is a critical environmental factor that influences animal survival,especially for small passerines due to their high mass-specific metabolic rates.Basal metabolic rate(BMR)reflects the energy expended by endother...Food is a critical environmental factor that influences animal survival,especially for small passerines due to their high mass-specific metabolic rates.Basal metabolic rate(BMR)reflects the energy expended by endothermic animals for basic physiological processes and constitutes a major part of their daily energy budget.Some birds have been shown to employ compensatory mechanisms during food shortages,temporarily reducing these selfmaintenance expenditures without using hypothermia.However,the mechanisms of BMR adjustment remain unexplored.In the present study,we assessed the phenotypic variation in basal thermogenesis of Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus)by comparing a control group to groups fasted for 6,12,18,and 24 h.We focused on the correlation between a reduction in energy metabolism and the alterations of cellular metabolic activities,mitochondrial substrate supply,and changes in serum thyroid hormones during fasting.Our data indicated that fasting groups had significantly lower body mass,BMR,body temperature,and body fat content.Furthermore,fasting groups had significantly lower glycogen levels,mitochondrial state 4 respiration and cytochrome c oxidase(CCO)activity in the liver,and CCO activity in pectoral muscle.The levels of avian uncoupling protein(avUCP)m RNA were significantly reduced,while the levels of myostatin protein in pectoral muscle were significantly increased in the fasting groups.Furthermore,the groups subjected to fasting exhibited significantly lower levels of serum glucose,triglyceride,thyroxine(T_(4)),and triiodothyronine(T_(3)).Positive correlations were observed between the following pairs of variables:log BMR and log body mass,log body mass and log body fat,log BMR and log state 4 respiration in the liver,log BMR and log CCO activity in the liver and muscle,log BMR and log av-UCP m RNA expression,whereas a negative correlation was observed between log BMR and log myostatin level.In addition,a positive correlation was also detected between log T_(3) and each of the following:log BMR,state 4 respiration,and log CCO activity in the liver.Our results suggested that decreased metabolic thermogenesis via down-regulation in cellular aerobic capacity of organs and serum thyroid hormones may be an important survival strategy for fasting Tree Sparrows to reduce energy expenditure.展开更多
Fangcang shelter hospitals are modular,rapidly deployable facilities that play a vital role in pandemic response by providing centralized isolation and basic medical care for large patient populations.Artificial intel...Fangcang shelter hospitals are modular,rapidly deployable facilities that play a vital role in pandemic response by providing centralized isolation and basic medical care for large patient populations.Artificial intelligence(AI)has the potential to transform Fangcang shelter hospitals into intelligent,responsive systems that are capable of significantly improving emergency preparedness,operational efficiency,and patient outcomes.Key application areas include site selection and design optimization,clinical decision support,AI-assisted clinical documentation and patient engagement,intelligent robotics,and operational management.However,realizing AI's full potential requires overcoming several challenges,including limited data accessibility,privacy and governance concerns,inadequate algorithmic adaptability in dynamic emergency settings,insufficient transparency and accountability in AI-driven decisions,fragmented system architectures due to proprietary formats,high costs disproportionate to the temporary nature of Fangcang shelter hospitals,and hardware reliability in austere environments.Addressing these challenges demands standardized data-sharing frameworks,development of explainable and robust AI algorithms,clear ethical and legal oversight,interoperable modular system designs,and active collaboration among multidisciplinary stakeholders.展开更多
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality and remains a major global health issue^([1]).Annually,approximately 479,000individuals in China are diagnosed with gastric cancer,accounting for a...Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality and remains a major global health issue^([1]).Annually,approximately 479,000individuals in China are diagnosed with gastric cancer,accounting for almost 45%of all new cases worldwide^([2]).展开更多
Microwave ablation(MWA)is emerging as a highly effective treatment for colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).This review explores the advantages of MWA compared to other ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablatio...Microwave ablation(MWA)is emerging as a highly effective treatment for colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).This review explores the advantages of MWA compared to other ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation and highlights its clinical efficacy,safety,and technical considerations.MWA offers significant benefits,including higher intratumoral temperatures,larger ablation zones,and reduced susceptibility to the heat-sink effect,which make it particularly suitable for tumors near large blood vessels.This review details the patient selection criteria,procedural approaches,and the use of advanced imaging techniques to improve the precision and effectiveness of MWA.Clinical outcomes indicate that MWA achieves high rates of complete tumor ablation and long-term survival with a favorable safety profile.This review is significant because it provides updated insights into the expanding role of MWA in treating unresectable CRLM and its potential as an alternative to surgical resection for resectable tumors.By summarizing recent studies and clinical trials,this review highlights the comparative effectiveness,safety,and integration with systemic therapies of MWA.In conclusion,MWA is a promising treatment option for CRLM and offers outcomes comparable to or better than those of other ablative techniques.Future research should focus on optimizing technical parameters,integrating MWA with systemic therapies,and conducting large-scale randomized controlled trials to establish standardized treatment protocols.Advancing our understanding of MWA will enhance its application and improve long-term survival and quality of life for patients with CRLM.展开更多
The new generation of gravity measurement satellites will use high-precision inter-satellite laser interferometry technology to measure the gravity field.The heat flow outside the satellite's orbit will act on the...The new generation of gravity measurement satellites will use high-precision inter-satellite laser interferometry technology to measure the gravity field.The heat flow outside the satellite's orbit will act on the optical bench(OB)through laser emission and reception apertures and introduce the temperature noise of the measurement signal.Based on modeling the orbital thermal environment at the incoming aperture and outgoing aperture of the laser designed on the spacecraft front panel,baffles are designed to reduce the heat flow from the apertures into the optical measurement system.The temperature noise of the optical bench caused by space radiation during on-orbit operation was analyzed using finite element simulation software.For the current design of the baffles,the temperature noise of the optical bench is lower than 0.1 K/Hz1/2@1 mHz when the direct solar radiation enters the apertures;when the apertures are in the light-blocking environment,the temperature noise of the optical bench is lower than 0.1 mK/Hz1/2@1 mHz,which meets the temperature noise requirement of a laser interferometer.The baffles are designed to achieve a stable shading period of up to 4 months in a year to facilitate the satellite to carry out ranging work.展开更多
Objective:The varying environmental exposure to iodine has long been a topic of interest,particularly given the noticeable increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)compared to other histopathologic...Objective:The varying environmental exposure to iodine has long been a topic of interest,particularly given the noticeable increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)compared to other histopathological subtypes globally.This rise in thyroid cancer incidence has been attributed to several factors,including improved detection of early tumors,a higher prevalence of modifiable individual risk factors,and differing exposure to environmental risk factors such as iodine levels.This study aims to explore the epigenetic mechanisms that promote thyroid cancer progression under excess iodine exposure.Materials and methods:This study outlines the following strategy:(i)risk factors were identified through statistical analysis of questionnaire responses in a retrospective iatrogenic study;(ii)following the identification of risk factors,RNA sequencing was performed using tissues from iodine-adequate(IA)and iodine-excess(IE)regions;(iii)candidate hub genes were selected via bioinformatics analysis;(iv)molecular biological techniques were employed to verify the functionality of the key gene.Results:Through careful selection,we focused on SPSB4,a ubiquitin ligase previously unreported in relation to both iodine and thyroid cancer.By optimizing the dosage of PTC cell line activities,we determined how varying iodine levels can either enhance or impair the vitality of thyroid cancer cells.As anticipated,migration and invasion assays revealed significant changes when SPSB4 function was disrupted at the critical dose of KIO3.Conclusion:In terms of epigenetic alterations,SPSB4 emerges as a promising candidate for further investigation,particularly in understanding thyroid cancer progression and potential carcinogenesis.Moreover,E3 ubiquitin ligases,including SPSB4,play a role in orchestrating adipose thermogenesis to maintain body temperature during cold stimuli.This study could also shed light on the influence of iodine on thermogenesis mediated by SPSB4 under cold conditions,while suggesting future exploration of SPSB4's effects on thyroid cancer in colder regions.展开更多
Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapi...Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapid,contactless,and environmentally benign operation,has emerged as a promising approach for precise liquid control.However,conventional magnetic strategies typically govern droplet movement on open surfaces,facing limitations such as restricted liquid volumes,uncertain flow paths,and inevitable evaporation,thereby constraining their broader practical applications.Recently,a variety of magneticdriven strategies have been developed to dynamically regulate liquids within enclosed spaces,especially through physicochemical mechanisms.These approaches provide efficient control over liquid behavior by leveraging magnetically induced chemical changes,structural deformations,and dragging motions,opening new opportunities for flexible and versatile fluid management.This review explores the design and mechanisms of magneto-responsive confined interfaces for the manipulation of nonmagnetic liquids,highlighting key advancements and potential applications including liquid valves,liquid mixing,liquid flow regulation,and liquid pumping.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects in this field are presented.展开更多
Fiber-based strain sensors have emerged as revolutionary components in flexible electronics owing to their intrinsic compliance and textile compatibility,particularly in human-centric applications ranging from health ...Fiber-based strain sensors have emerged as revolutionary components in flexible electronics owing to their intrinsic compliance and textile compatibility,particularly in human-centric applications ranging from health diagnostics to motion tracking.While substantial progress has been achieved,a critical challenge persists in reconciling the contradictory demands of ultrahigh sensitivity and stable signal transmission through rational structural design.Herein,we develop dual-structure silver(Ag)/polyurethane(PU)fiber-based strain sensors(Ag@PU_(x))via an integrated wet spinning and interfacial metal ion deposition(IMID)strategy.Notably,we propose a mechanical pre-stretching strategy that enables precise regulation of strain sensitivity and sensing range through controlled substrate deformation.Systematic characterization reveals that pre-stretched PU fibers form ordered microscale conductive networks,exhibiting exceptional electrical stability(conductivity(σ)=1.9×105 S·m^(-1);the change in resistance value under external tensile force(ΔR)/the initial resistance of the sensor(R_(0))<0.03 under 360°torsional deformation)with a high quality factor(Q)of 10.1 at 50%strain.In contrast,non-prestretched counterparts develop microcrack-dominated architectures,achieving a high sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)=7.7)through strain-induced crack propagation and a fracture strain exceeding 660%.A systematic investigation elucidates the underlying mechanisms behind these distinct sensing performances.The Ag@PU_(x)fiber-based electronics are capable of adapting to various tasks including human motion monitoring,voice recognition,and gesture recognition.Importantly,we developed the Ag@PU_(x)fiber-based electronics to monitor motion states while stably transmitting electrical signals.Ultimately,the Ag@PU_(x)show great promise in applications such as motion monitoring,waist rehabilitation,thermal management,electromagnetic shielding,and antibacterial deodorization.展开更多
Ag_(2)CO_(3)-promoted dehydroxymethylative fluorination of aliphatic alcohols has been achieved with Selectfluor as both oxidant and fluorine source.The reaction involvesβ-fragmentation of primary alkoxy radicals,fol...Ag_(2)CO_(3)-promoted dehydroxymethylative fluorination of aliphatic alcohols has been achieved with Selectfluor as both oxidant and fluorine source.The reaction involvesβ-fragmentation of primary alkoxy radicals,followed by the fluorination of the resulting C-centered radical intermediates.The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope,thus opening up a new entrance to the synthesis of fluorinated constructs includingα-fluoroimides and 1-fluoroalkyl benzoates as well as secondary and tertiary alkyl fluorides like versatile 2-fluoro-2-alkyl 1,3-propandiol derivatives.The divergent functionalization of the obtainedα-fluoroimides enables an efficient access to amine derivatives through C-F bond activation under the action of BF_(3)·OEt_(2).展开更多
Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN) is an efficient,low-energy and environmentally friendly phase-free separation process.Obviously,the core of OSN lies in the fabrication of solvent-resistant nanofiltration membranes...Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN) is an efficient,low-energy and environmentally friendly phase-free separation process.Obviously,the core of OSN lies in the fabrication of solvent-resistant nanofiltration membranes.Although membrane materials reported in the literature such as 2D membranes,porous organic cages,etc.have the potential for ultra-high performance,polymeric membranes provide key advantages in mass production and processability.Therefore,this review focuses on polymeric materials for OSN.This review summarizes the recent progress of polymeric materials,including emerging and traditional polymeric membranes.Then,a summary of recent progress about strategies developed for perm-selective nanofilms are presented,followed by a brief overview of commercial membrane technology for OSN.Finally,major challenges of OSN and future research directions are presented.Close interaction between the academic research and practical application would help improve greener and more sustainable manufacturing processes.展开更多
Exploring the intrinsic reasons for the dynamic reconstruction of catalysts during electrocatalytic reactions and their impact on activity enhancement still face severe challenges. Herein, the bifunctional catalyst Ru...Exploring the intrinsic reasons for the dynamic reconstruction of catalysts during electrocatalytic reactions and their impact on activity enhancement still face severe challenges. Herein, the bifunctional catalyst Ru/V-Co O/CP with doping strategy and heterostructure was synthesized for overall water splitting.The Ru/V-Co O exhibits excellent activity for HER and OER with low overpotentials of 49, 147 m V at a current density of 10 m A/cm^(2) in 1.0 mol/L KOH, respectively. The assembled electrolytic cell just needs voltages of 1.47 and 1.71 V to achieve 10 and 350 m A/cm^(2)current density under the same conditions and delivers an outstanding stability for over 100 h, which is far superior to the commercial Ru O_(2)||Pt/C cell. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that the doping of V species and the formation of heterostructures lead to charge redistribution. More importantly, the leaching of V species induces electron transfer form Co to O and then Ru through the Co-O-Ru electron bridge, optimizes the adsorption strength of the key intermediate, thereby reducing the free energy barrier of the rate-determining step and improving catalytic activity. This work proposes an effective strategy of using cation dissolution to induce electron transfer through the electron bridge and thus regulate the electronic structure of catalysts,providing new ideas for the design and development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts.展开更多
Background Sustained lipolysis exacerbates subclinical ketosis(SCK)in dairy cows and is associated with inflammation and adipose tissue macrophage(ATM)infiltration.While ATM involvement in adipose homeostasis and infl...Background Sustained lipolysis exacerbates subclinical ketosis(SCK)in dairy cows and is associated with inflammation and adipose tissue macrophage(ATM)infiltration.While ATM involvement in adipose homeostasis and inflammation in early lactation is recognized,a comprehensive exploration of ATM polarization phenotypes in SCK cows is lacking.This study aimed to characterize ATM polarization and its link to lipolysis and inflammation in SCK cows.Results Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from dairy cows to analyze protein expression and gene profiles.Compared with healthy cows,SCK cows had higher serum BHBA and NEFA,smaller adipocytes,and increased expression of lipolytic enzymes(LIPE,ATGL),indicating enhanced lipolysis.Decreased levels of FASN,PPARγ,p-SMAD3,and TGFβsuggested impaired adipogenesis.Inflammatory markers(TNF-α,IFN-γ,TLR4,Caspase1)and NFκB signaling activity were elevated.ATM infiltration was supported by increased CD9,CD68,TREM2,and CXCL1 expression.Protein abundance of M1 polarization markers(iNOS,CD86 and CCL2)in ATMs were associated with greater levels of NOS2,IL1B,CD86 and CCL2 mRNA expression in SCK cows;fluorescence intensity of NOS2 and CD86 also was elevated,alongside a higher proportion of CD68+/CD86+immunopositive cells within adipose tissue.ELISA further quantified increased concentrations of IL-1β and CCL2.Conversely,the abundance of ATM M2 polarization markers,including CD206,IL-10,KLF4,and Arg1,at both the protein and mRNA levels demonstrated a decline.Meanwhile,the proportion of CD68+/CD206+immune response cells was relatively low in SCK cows.Conclusions Overall,the present study indicated an augmented macrophage presence within adipose tissue during subclinical ketosis,with a predominance of pro-inflammatory macrophages(M1 ATM).This observation suggested a vicious cycle wherein macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory polarization coincide with enhanced lipolysis and an amplified inflammatory cascade.展开更多
Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocrit...Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocritical point.Focusing on two-dimensional percolation,we show that the size distribution of the largest cluster asymptotically approaches to a Gumbel form in the subcritical phase,a Gaussian form in the supercritical phase,and transitions within the critical finite-size scaling window.Numerical results indicate that,at consistently defined pseudocritical points,this distribution exhibits a universal form across various lattices and percolation models(bond or site),within error bars,yet differs from the distribution at the critical point.The critical polynomial,universally zero for two-dimensional percolation at the critical point,becomes nonzero at pseudocritical points.Nevertheless,numerical evidence suggests that the critical polynomial,along with other dimensionless quantities such as wrapping probabilities and Binder cumulants,assumes fixed values at the pseudocritical point that are independent of the percolation type(bond or site)but vary with lattice structures.These findings imply that while strict universality breaks down at the pseudocritical point,certain extreme-value statistics and dimensionless quantities exhibit quasi-universality,revealing a subtle connection between scaling behaviors at critical and pseudocritical points.展开更多
To solve the Poisson equation it is usually possible to discretize it into solving the corresponding linear system Ax=b.Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)for the discretized Poisson equation have been studied before...To solve the Poisson equation it is usually possible to discretize it into solving the corresponding linear system Ax=b.Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)for the discretized Poisson equation have been studied before.We present a VQA based on the banded Toeplitz systems for solving the Poisson equation with respect to the structural features of matrix A.In detail,we decompose the matrices A and A^(2)into a linear combination of the corresponding banded Toeplitz matrix and sparse matrices with only a few non-zero elements.For the one-dimensional Poisson equation with different boundary conditions and the d-dimensional Poisson equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions,the number of decomposition terms is less than that reported in[Phys.Rev.A 2023108,032418].Based on the decomposition of the matrix,we design quantum circuits that efficiently evaluate the cost function.Additionally,numerical simulation verifies the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.Finally,the VQAs for linear systems of equations and matrix-vector multiplications with the K-banded Toeplitz matrix T_(n)^(K)are given,where T_(n)^(K)∈R^(n×n)and K∈O(ploylogn).展开更多
近年来随着无人机产业的迅猛发展,视觉定位技术已广泛应用于低成本轻量化的定位系统中,然而当无人机在水面等弱纹理区域飞行时,场景视觉特征稀疏且差异小,导致图像误匹配率激增,定位估计发散严重,限制了视觉定位技术在水域环境下的应用...近年来随着无人机产业的迅猛发展,视觉定位技术已广泛应用于低成本轻量化的定位系统中,然而当无人机在水面等弱纹理区域飞行时,场景视觉特征稀疏且差异小,导致图像误匹配率激增,定位估计发散严重,限制了视觉定位技术在水域环境下的应用。针对该问题提出了一种基于水纹识别的视觉定位技术(visual positioning technique based on water pattern recognition,WPRVP)。首先通过提取水纹多粒度相关特征得到相邻图像之间局部和全局的匹配关系;然后将匹配信息嵌入循环网络迭代处理,由粗到细逐步提高水纹图像的匹配精度;最后基于多视图几何约束进行匹配筛选和运动建模,实现了鲁棒的定位估计。实验结果表明,相比现有的图像匹配和视觉定位方法,WPRVP能够应用于水域环境且能保持更高的匹配与定位精度,能够为导航设备在水域场景下提供一个低成本高精度的导航信息源,辅助无人机执行水面飞行任务。展开更多
Neuromodulation techniques effectively intervene in cognitive function,holding considerable scientific and practical value in fields such as aerospace,medicine,life sciences,and brain research.These techniques utilize...Neuromodulation techniques effectively intervene in cognitive function,holding considerable scientific and practical value in fields such as aerospace,medicine,life sciences,and brain research.These techniques utilize electrical stimulation to directly or indirectly target specific brain regions,modulating neural activity and influencing broader brain networks,thereby regulating cognitive function.Regulating cognitive function involves an understanding of aspects such as perception,learning and memory,attention,spatial cognition,and physical function.To enhance the application of cognitive regulation in the general population,this paper reviews recent publications from the Web of Science to assess the advancements and challenges of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods in modulating cognitive functions.This review covers various neuromodulation techniques for cognitive intervention,including deep brain stimulation,vagus nerve stimulation,and invasive methods using microelectrode arrays.The non-invasive techniques discussed include transcranial magnetic stimulation,transcranial direct current stimulation,transcranial alternating current stimulation,transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation,and time interference stimulation for activating deep targets.Invasive stimulation methods,which are ideal for studying the pathogenesis of neurological diseases,tend to cause greater trauma and have been less researched in the context of cognitive function regulation.Non-invasive methods,particularly newer transcranial stimulation techniques,are gentler and more appropriate for regulating cognitive functions in the general population.These include transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation using acupoints and time interference methods for activating deep targets.This paper also discusses current technical challenges and potential future breakthroughs in neuromodulation technology.It is recommended that neuromodulation techniques be combined with neural detection methods to better assess their effects and improve the accuracy of non-invasive neuromodulation.Additionally,researching closed-loop feedback neuromodulation methods is identified as a promising direction for future development.展开更多
Gibberellin （GA） 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2β-hydroxylation.In the present study,we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant,H032.This mutant exhibited a dominant d...Gibberellin （GA） 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2β-hydroxylation.In the present study,we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant,H032.This mutant exhibited a dominant dwarf and GA-deficient phenotype,with a final stature that was less than half of its wild-type counterpart.The endogenous bioactive GAs are markedly decreased in the H032 mutant,and application of bioactive GAs （GA3 or GA4） can reverse the dwarf phenotype.The integrated T-DNA was detected 12.8 kb upstream of the OsGA2ox6 in the H032 genome by TAIL-PCR.An increased level of OsGA2ox6 mRNA was detected at a high level in the H032 mutant,which might be due to the enhancer role of the CaMV 35S promoter.RNAi and ectopic expression analysis of OsGA2ox6 indicated that the dwarf trait and the decreased levels of bioactive GAs in the H032 mutant were a result of the up-regulation of the OsGA2ox6 gene.BLASTP analysis revealed that OsGA2ox6 belongs to the class III of GA 2-oxidases,which is a novel type of GA2ox that uses C20-GAs （GA12 and/or GA53） as the substrates.Interestingly,we found that a GA biosynthesis inhibitor,paclobutrazol,positively regulated the OsGA2ox6 gene.Unlike the over-expression of OsGA2ox1,which led to a high rate of seed abortion,the H032 mutant retained normal flowering and seed production.These results indicate that OsGA2ox6 mainly affects plant stature,and the dominant dwarf trait of the H032 mutant can be used as an efficient dwarf resource in rice breeding.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the biological role of mi R-1290 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) progression and invasion and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR) ...AIM:To investigate the biological role of mi R-1290 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) progression and invasion and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate mi R-1290 expression in ESCC tissue samples.The roles of mi R-1290 in cell proliferation,migration and invasion were identified using mi R-1290 mimic-transfected cells.In addition,the regulatory effect of mi R-1290 on suppressor of cancer cell invasion(SCAI) was evaluated using q RT-PCR,Western blot analysis and a dual luciferase reporter assay.RESULTS:mi R-1290 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissue samples compared with normal adjacent tissues(9.213 ± 1.150 vs 1.000 ± 0.0),(P < 0.01).Upregulation of mi R-1290 was associated with tumor differentiation(P = 0.021),N classification(P = 0.006) and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P = 0.021) in ESCC patients.Moreover,ectopic mi R-1290 expression potently promoted ESCC cell growth(P < 0.01),migration(P < 0.01) and invasion(P < 0.01) in vitro.mi R-1290 overexpression in ESCC cell lines decreased SCAI expression at the translational level and reduced SCAI-driven luciferase-reporter activity(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:Our findings suggested that mi R-1290 may play an oncogenic role in cellular processes of ESCC.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Early detection of rectal cancer poses significant challenges.Current diagnostic methods,including colonoscopy,imaging techniques,and fecal tests,have limitations such as invasiveness,cost,and varying sensitivity.This study evaluated the diagnostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in rectal cancer patients.AIM To investigate the value of a multi-marker approach for the preoperative diagnosis of rectal cancer.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 250 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer between July 2022 and July 2024 was conducted.Preoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cancer antigen 125(CA125),CA19-9,CA15-3,and CA72-4 were analyzed.All blood samples were collected under standardized conditions,including fasting status and proper storage methods,within two weeks before surgery.Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Correlations among clinicopathological features were also evaluated.RESULTS CEA demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance among individual tumor markers with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.78[95%confidence interval(CI):0.73-0.83].However,a combination of CEA,CA19-9,and CA72-4 showed superior performance,achieving an AUC of 0.87(95%CI:0.83-0.91).Significant correlations were observed between CEA levels and several clinicopatho-logical features,including tumor stage(P<0.001),lymph node involvement(P=0.002),and distant metastasis(P<0.001).Furthermore,in a subgroup analysis of patients diagnosed after July 2022,the integration of fecal occult blood testing with the tumor marker panel(CEA+CA19-9+CA72-4)significantly improved diagnostic accuracy,increasing the AUC to 0.91(95%CI:0.86-0.96).CONCLUSION A multimarker approach combining CEA,CA19-9,and CA72-4 with fecal occult blood testing enhances the preoperative assessment of patients with rectal cancer.These findings suggest potential improvements in risk stratification and management of patients with rectal cancer.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.32371573,32171497,and 31971420)。
文摘Food is a critical environmental factor that influences animal survival,especially for small passerines due to their high mass-specific metabolic rates.Basal metabolic rate(BMR)reflects the energy expended by endothermic animals for basic physiological processes and constitutes a major part of their daily energy budget.Some birds have been shown to employ compensatory mechanisms during food shortages,temporarily reducing these selfmaintenance expenditures without using hypothermia.However,the mechanisms of BMR adjustment remain unexplored.In the present study,we assessed the phenotypic variation in basal thermogenesis of Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus)by comparing a control group to groups fasted for 6,12,18,and 24 h.We focused on the correlation between a reduction in energy metabolism and the alterations of cellular metabolic activities,mitochondrial substrate supply,and changes in serum thyroid hormones during fasting.Our data indicated that fasting groups had significantly lower body mass,BMR,body temperature,and body fat content.Furthermore,fasting groups had significantly lower glycogen levels,mitochondrial state 4 respiration and cytochrome c oxidase(CCO)activity in the liver,and CCO activity in pectoral muscle.The levels of avian uncoupling protein(avUCP)m RNA were significantly reduced,while the levels of myostatin protein in pectoral muscle were significantly increased in the fasting groups.Furthermore,the groups subjected to fasting exhibited significantly lower levels of serum glucose,triglyceride,thyroxine(T_(4)),and triiodothyronine(T_(3)).Positive correlations were observed between the following pairs of variables:log BMR and log body mass,log body mass and log body fat,log BMR and log state 4 respiration in the liver,log BMR and log CCO activity in the liver and muscle,log BMR and log av-UCP m RNA expression,whereas a negative correlation was observed between log BMR and log myostatin level.In addition,a positive correlation was also detected between log T_(3) and each of the following:log BMR,state 4 respiration,and log CCO activity in the liver.Our results suggested that decreased metabolic thermogenesis via down-regulation in cellular aerobic capacity of organs and serum thyroid hormones may be an important survival strategy for fasting Tree Sparrows to reduce energy expenditure.
文摘Fangcang shelter hospitals are modular,rapidly deployable facilities that play a vital role in pandemic response by providing centralized isolation and basic medical care for large patient populations.Artificial intelligence(AI)has the potential to transform Fangcang shelter hospitals into intelligent,responsive systems that are capable of significantly improving emergency preparedness,operational efficiency,and patient outcomes.Key application areas include site selection and design optimization,clinical decision support,AI-assisted clinical documentation and patient engagement,intelligent robotics,and operational management.However,realizing AI's full potential requires overcoming several challenges,including limited data accessibility,privacy and governance concerns,inadequate algorithmic adaptability in dynamic emergency settings,insufficient transparency and accountability in AI-driven decisions,fragmented system architectures due to proprietary formats,high costs disproportionate to the temporary nature of Fangcang shelter hospitals,and hardware reliability in austere environments.Addressing these challenges demands standardized data-sharing frameworks,development of explainable and robust AI algorithms,clear ethical and legal oversight,interoperable modular system designs,and active collaboration among multidisciplinary stakeholders.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1463600)Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission Research Project(PW2021A-69)Research Project of Clinical Research Center of Shanghai Health Medical University(22MC2022002)。
文摘Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality and remains a major global health issue^([1]).Annually,approximately 479,000individuals in China are diagnosed with gastric cancer,accounting for almost 45%of all new cases worldwide^([2]).
基金Supported by the Joint Medical Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Committee and Chongqing Health Committee,No.2021MSXM308.
文摘Microwave ablation(MWA)is emerging as a highly effective treatment for colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).This review explores the advantages of MWA compared to other ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation and highlights its clinical efficacy,safety,and technical considerations.MWA offers significant benefits,including higher intratumoral temperatures,larger ablation zones,and reduced susceptibility to the heat-sink effect,which make it particularly suitable for tumors near large blood vessels.This review details the patient selection criteria,procedural approaches,and the use of advanced imaging techniques to improve the precision and effectiveness of MWA.Clinical outcomes indicate that MWA achieves high rates of complete tumor ablation and long-term survival with a favorable safety profile.This review is significant because it provides updated insights into the expanding role of MWA in treating unresectable CRLM and its potential as an alternative to surgical resection for resectable tumors.By summarizing recent studies and clinical trials,this review highlights the comparative effectiveness,safety,and integration with systemic therapies of MWA.In conclusion,MWA is a promising treatment option for CRLM and offers outcomes comparable to or better than those of other ablative techniques.Future research should focus on optimizing technical parameters,integrating MWA with systemic therapies,and conducting large-scale randomized controlled trials to establish standardized treatment protocols.Advancing our understanding of MWA will enhance its application and improve long-term survival and quality of life for patients with CRLM.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program (2022YFC2204001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12005310)
文摘The new generation of gravity measurement satellites will use high-precision inter-satellite laser interferometry technology to measure the gravity field.The heat flow outside the satellite's orbit will act on the optical bench(OB)through laser emission and reception apertures and introduce the temperature noise of the measurement signal.Based on modeling the orbital thermal environment at the incoming aperture and outgoing aperture of the laser designed on the spacecraft front panel,baffles are designed to reduce the heat flow from the apertures into the optical measurement system.The temperature noise of the optical bench caused by space radiation during on-orbit operation was analyzed using finite element simulation software.For the current design of the baffles,the temperature noise of the optical bench is lower than 0.1 K/Hz1/2@1 mHz when the direct solar radiation enters the apertures;when the apertures are in the light-blocking environment,the temperature noise of the optical bench is lower than 0.1 mK/Hz1/2@1 mHz,which meets the temperature noise requirement of a laser interferometer.The baffles are designed to achieve a stable shading period of up to 4 months in a year to facilitate the satellite to carry out ranging work.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(8183000355)。
文摘Objective:The varying environmental exposure to iodine has long been a topic of interest,particularly given the noticeable increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)compared to other histopathological subtypes globally.This rise in thyroid cancer incidence has been attributed to several factors,including improved detection of early tumors,a higher prevalence of modifiable individual risk factors,and differing exposure to environmental risk factors such as iodine levels.This study aims to explore the epigenetic mechanisms that promote thyroid cancer progression under excess iodine exposure.Materials and methods:This study outlines the following strategy:(i)risk factors were identified through statistical analysis of questionnaire responses in a retrospective iatrogenic study;(ii)following the identification of risk factors,RNA sequencing was performed using tissues from iodine-adequate(IA)and iodine-excess(IE)regions;(iii)candidate hub genes were selected via bioinformatics analysis;(iv)molecular biological techniques were employed to verify the functionality of the key gene.Results:Through careful selection,we focused on SPSB4,a ubiquitin ligase previously unreported in relation to both iodine and thyroid cancer.By optimizing the dosage of PTC cell line activities,we determined how varying iodine levels can either enhance or impair the vitality of thyroid cancer cells.As anticipated,migration and invasion assays revealed significant changes when SPSB4 function was disrupted at the critical dose of KIO3.Conclusion:In terms of epigenetic alterations,SPSB4 emerges as a promising candidate for further investigation,particularly in understanding thyroid cancer progression and potential carcinogenesis.Moreover,E3 ubiquitin ligases,including SPSB4,play a role in orchestrating adipose thermogenesis to maintain body temperature during cold stimuli.This study could also shed light on the influence of iodine on thermogenesis mediated by SPSB4 under cold conditions,while suggesting future exploration of SPSB4's effects on thyroid cancer in colder regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52025132,U24A20205,52303373,21621091,22021001,and 22121001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M763174)+2 种基金the 111 Project(Nos.B17027,B16029)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2022J02059)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the Xplorer Prize。
文摘Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapid,contactless,and environmentally benign operation,has emerged as a promising approach for precise liquid control.However,conventional magnetic strategies typically govern droplet movement on open surfaces,facing limitations such as restricted liquid volumes,uncertain flow paths,and inevitable evaporation,thereby constraining their broader practical applications.Recently,a variety of magneticdriven strategies have been developed to dynamically regulate liquids within enclosed spaces,especially through physicochemical mechanisms.These approaches provide efficient control over liquid behavior by leveraging magnetically induced chemical changes,structural deformations,and dragging motions,opening new opportunities for flexible and versatile fluid management.This review explores the design and mechanisms of magneto-responsive confined interfaces for the manipulation of nonmagnetic liquids,highlighting key advancements and potential applications including liquid valves,liquid mixing,liquid flow regulation,and liquid pumping.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects in this field are presented.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFB3805802)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2024CXGC010411)+11 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52473307,22208178,and 62301290)the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province in China(tsqn202211116)the Shandong Provincial Universities Youth Innovation Technology Plan Team(2023KJ223)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2023YQ037,ZR2023QE043,ZR2022QE174,and ZR2024ME012)the Shandong Province Science and Technology Small and Medium sized Enterprise Innovation Ability Enhancement Project(2023TSGC0344 and 2023TSGC1006)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao(23-2-1-249-zyyd-jch and 24-4-4-zrjj-56-jch)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M761560)the Anhui Province Postdoctoral Researcher Research Activity Funding Project(2023B706)the Qingdao Key Technology Research and Industrialization Demonstration Projects(23-1-7-zdfn-2-hz)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Funding Project(QDBSH20240201011)the Suqian Key Research and Development Plan(H202310)the Systems Science Plus Joint Research Program of Qingdao University(XT2024202).
文摘Fiber-based strain sensors have emerged as revolutionary components in flexible electronics owing to their intrinsic compliance and textile compatibility,particularly in human-centric applications ranging from health diagnostics to motion tracking.While substantial progress has been achieved,a critical challenge persists in reconciling the contradictory demands of ultrahigh sensitivity and stable signal transmission through rational structural design.Herein,we develop dual-structure silver(Ag)/polyurethane(PU)fiber-based strain sensors(Ag@PU_(x))via an integrated wet spinning and interfacial metal ion deposition(IMID)strategy.Notably,we propose a mechanical pre-stretching strategy that enables precise regulation of strain sensitivity and sensing range through controlled substrate deformation.Systematic characterization reveals that pre-stretched PU fibers form ordered microscale conductive networks,exhibiting exceptional electrical stability(conductivity(σ)=1.9×105 S·m^(-1);the change in resistance value under external tensile force(ΔR)/the initial resistance of the sensor(R_(0))<0.03 under 360°torsional deformation)with a high quality factor(Q)of 10.1 at 50%strain.In contrast,non-prestretched counterparts develop microcrack-dominated architectures,achieving a high sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)=7.7)through strain-induced crack propagation and a fracture strain exceeding 660%.A systematic investigation elucidates the underlying mechanisms behind these distinct sensing performances.The Ag@PU_(x)fiber-based electronics are capable of adapting to various tasks including human motion monitoring,voice recognition,and gesture recognition.Importantly,we developed the Ag@PU_(x)fiber-based electronics to monitor motion states while stably transmitting electrical signals.Ultimately,the Ag@PU_(x)show great promise in applications such as motion monitoring,waist rehabilitation,thermal management,electromagnetic shielding,and antibacterial deodorization.
基金financial support from the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2022QNLM030003-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21977088)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Shandong Joint Fund(No.U1906213)。
文摘Ag_(2)CO_(3)-promoted dehydroxymethylative fluorination of aliphatic alcohols has been achieved with Selectfluor as both oxidant and fluorine source.The reaction involvesβ-fragmentation of primary alkoxy radicals,followed by the fluorination of the resulting C-centered radical intermediates.The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope,thus opening up a new entrance to the synthesis of fluorinated constructs includingα-fluoroimides and 1-fluoroalkyl benzoates as well as secondary and tertiary alkyl fluorides like versatile 2-fluoro-2-alkyl 1,3-propandiol derivatives.The divergent functionalization of the obtainedα-fluoroimides enables an efficient access to amine derivatives through C-F bond activation under the action of BF_(3)·OEt_(2).
基金Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basic Research(2022010801010321)Wuhan Limo Technology Limited Company(2022420111000256)。
文摘Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN) is an efficient,low-energy and environmentally friendly phase-free separation process.Obviously,the core of OSN lies in the fabrication of solvent-resistant nanofiltration membranes.Although membrane materials reported in the literature such as 2D membranes,porous organic cages,etc.have the potential for ultra-high performance,polymeric membranes provide key advantages in mass production and processability.Therefore,this review focuses on polymeric materials for OSN.This review summarizes the recent progress of polymeric materials,including emerging and traditional polymeric membranes.Then,a summary of recent progress about strategies developed for perm-selective nanofilms are presented,followed by a brief overview of commercial membrane technology for OSN.Finally,major challenges of OSN and future research directions are presented.Close interaction between the academic research and practical application would help improve greener and more sustainable manufacturing processes.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22006120)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. SWU-XDJH202314)+1 种基金the Program for Innovation Team Building at Institutions of Higher Education in Chongqing (No. CXTDX201601011)Chongqing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. cstc2018jcyj AX0625)。
文摘Exploring the intrinsic reasons for the dynamic reconstruction of catalysts during electrocatalytic reactions and their impact on activity enhancement still face severe challenges. Herein, the bifunctional catalyst Ru/V-Co O/CP with doping strategy and heterostructure was synthesized for overall water splitting.The Ru/V-Co O exhibits excellent activity for HER and OER with low overpotentials of 49, 147 m V at a current density of 10 m A/cm^(2) in 1.0 mol/L KOH, respectively. The assembled electrolytic cell just needs voltages of 1.47 and 1.71 V to achieve 10 and 350 m A/cm^(2)current density under the same conditions and delivers an outstanding stability for over 100 h, which is far superior to the commercial Ru O_(2)||Pt/C cell. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that the doping of V species and the formation of heterostructures lead to charge redistribution. More importantly, the leaching of V species induces electron transfer form Co to O and then Ru through the Co-O-Ru electron bridge, optimizes the adsorption strength of the key intermediate, thereby reducing the free energy barrier of the rate-determining step and improving catalytic activity. This work proposes an effective strategy of using cation dissolution to induce electron transfer through the electron bridge and thus regulate the electronic structure of catalysts,providing new ideas for the design and development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125038)National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2023YFD1801100 and 2023YFD1800804)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2024B02016)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Background Sustained lipolysis exacerbates subclinical ketosis(SCK)in dairy cows and is associated with inflammation and adipose tissue macrophage(ATM)infiltration.While ATM involvement in adipose homeostasis and inflammation in early lactation is recognized,a comprehensive exploration of ATM polarization phenotypes in SCK cows is lacking.This study aimed to characterize ATM polarization and its link to lipolysis and inflammation in SCK cows.Results Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from dairy cows to analyze protein expression and gene profiles.Compared with healthy cows,SCK cows had higher serum BHBA and NEFA,smaller adipocytes,and increased expression of lipolytic enzymes(LIPE,ATGL),indicating enhanced lipolysis.Decreased levels of FASN,PPARγ,p-SMAD3,and TGFβsuggested impaired adipogenesis.Inflammatory markers(TNF-α,IFN-γ,TLR4,Caspase1)and NFκB signaling activity were elevated.ATM infiltration was supported by increased CD9,CD68,TREM2,and CXCL1 expression.Protein abundance of M1 polarization markers(iNOS,CD86 and CCL2)in ATMs were associated with greater levels of NOS2,IL1B,CD86 and CCL2 mRNA expression in SCK cows;fluorescence intensity of NOS2 and CD86 also was elevated,alongside a higher proportion of CD68+/CD86+immunopositive cells within adipose tissue.ELISA further quantified increased concentrations of IL-1β and CCL2.Conversely,the abundance of ATM M2 polarization markers,including CD206,IL-10,KLF4,and Arg1,at both the protein and mRNA levels demonstrated a decline.Meanwhile,the proportion of CD68+/CD206+immune response cells was relatively low in SCK cows.Conclusions Overall,the present study indicated an augmented macrophage presence within adipose tissue during subclinical ketosis,with a predominance of pro-inflammatory macrophages(M1 ATM).This observation suggested a vicious cycle wherein macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory polarization coincide with enhanced lipolysis and an amplified inflammatory cascade.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12275263)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301900)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2023J02032).
文摘Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocritical point.Focusing on two-dimensional percolation,we show that the size distribution of the largest cluster asymptotically approaches to a Gumbel form in the subcritical phase,a Gaussian form in the supercritical phase,and transitions within the critical finite-size scaling window.Numerical results indicate that,at consistently defined pseudocritical points,this distribution exhibits a universal form across various lattices and percolation models(bond or site),within error bars,yet differs from the distribution at the critical point.The critical polynomial,universally zero for two-dimensional percolation at the critical point,becomes nonzero at pseudocritical points.Nevertheless,numerical evidence suggests that the critical polynomial,along with other dimensionless quantities such as wrapping probabilities and Binder cumulants,assumes fixed values at the pseudocritical point that are independent of the percolation type(bond or site)but vary with lattice structures.These findings imply that while strict universality breaks down at the pseudocritical point,certain extreme-value statistics and dimensionless quantities exhibit quasi-universality,revealing a subtle connection between scaling behaviors at critical and pseudocritical points.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Quantum Science under Grant No.ZR2021LLZ002the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.22CX03005A。
文摘To solve the Poisson equation it is usually possible to discretize it into solving the corresponding linear system Ax=b.Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)for the discretized Poisson equation have been studied before.We present a VQA based on the banded Toeplitz systems for solving the Poisson equation with respect to the structural features of matrix A.In detail,we decompose the matrices A and A^(2)into a linear combination of the corresponding banded Toeplitz matrix and sparse matrices with only a few non-zero elements.For the one-dimensional Poisson equation with different boundary conditions and the d-dimensional Poisson equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions,the number of decomposition terms is less than that reported in[Phys.Rev.A 2023108,032418].Based on the decomposition of the matrix,we design quantum circuits that efficiently evaluate the cost function.Additionally,numerical simulation verifies the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.Finally,the VQAs for linear systems of equations and matrix-vector multiplications with the K-banded Toeplitz matrix T_(n)^(K)are given,where T_(n)^(K)∈R^(n×n)and K∈O(ploylogn).
文摘近年来随着无人机产业的迅猛发展,视觉定位技术已广泛应用于低成本轻量化的定位系统中,然而当无人机在水面等弱纹理区域飞行时,场景视觉特征稀疏且差异小,导致图像误匹配率激增,定位估计发散严重,限制了视觉定位技术在水域环境下的应用。针对该问题提出了一种基于水纹识别的视觉定位技术(visual positioning technique based on water pattern recognition,WPRVP)。首先通过提取水纹多粒度相关特征得到相邻图像之间局部和全局的匹配关系;然后将匹配信息嵌入循环网络迭代处理,由粗到细逐步提高水纹图像的匹配精度;最后基于多视图几何约束进行匹配筛选和运动建模,实现了鲁棒的定位估计。实验结果表明,相比现有的图像匹配和视觉定位方法,WPRVP能够应用于水域环境且能保持更高的匹配与定位精度,能够为导航设备在水域场景下提供一个低成本高精度的导航信息源,辅助无人机执行水面飞行任务。
基金supported by STI 2030-Major Projects,No.2021ZD0201603(to JL)the Joint Foundation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.8091A170201(to JL)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.T2293730(to XC),T2293731(to XC),T2293734(to XC),62471291(to YW),62121003(to XC),61960206012(to XC),62333020(to XC),and 62171434(to XC)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Nos.2022YFC2402501(to XC),2022YFB3205602(to XC).
文摘Neuromodulation techniques effectively intervene in cognitive function,holding considerable scientific and practical value in fields such as aerospace,medicine,life sciences,and brain research.These techniques utilize electrical stimulation to directly or indirectly target specific brain regions,modulating neural activity and influencing broader brain networks,thereby regulating cognitive function.Regulating cognitive function involves an understanding of aspects such as perception,learning and memory,attention,spatial cognition,and physical function.To enhance the application of cognitive regulation in the general population,this paper reviews recent publications from the Web of Science to assess the advancements and challenges of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods in modulating cognitive functions.This review covers various neuromodulation techniques for cognitive intervention,including deep brain stimulation,vagus nerve stimulation,and invasive methods using microelectrode arrays.The non-invasive techniques discussed include transcranial magnetic stimulation,transcranial direct current stimulation,transcranial alternating current stimulation,transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation,and time interference stimulation for activating deep targets.Invasive stimulation methods,which are ideal for studying the pathogenesis of neurological diseases,tend to cause greater trauma and have been less researched in the context of cognitive function regulation.Non-invasive methods,particularly newer transcranial stimulation techniques,are gentler and more appropriate for regulating cognitive functions in the general population.These include transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation using acupoints and time interference methods for activating deep targets.This paper also discusses current technical challenges and potential future breakthroughs in neuromodulation technology.It is recommended that neuromodulation techniques be combined with neural detection methods to better assess their effects and improve the accuracy of non-invasive neuromodulation.Additionally,researching closed-loop feedback neuromodulation methods is identified as a promising direction for future development.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China (No. 2005CB120805 and 2006AA10A101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30621001 and 30871512)
文摘Gibberellin （GA） 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2β-hydroxylation.In the present study,we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant,H032.This mutant exhibited a dominant dwarf and GA-deficient phenotype,with a final stature that was less than half of its wild-type counterpart.The endogenous bioactive GAs are markedly decreased in the H032 mutant,and application of bioactive GAs （GA3 or GA4） can reverse the dwarf phenotype.The integrated T-DNA was detected 12.8 kb upstream of the OsGA2ox6 in the H032 genome by TAIL-PCR.An increased level of OsGA2ox6 mRNA was detected at a high level in the H032 mutant,which might be due to the enhancer role of the CaMV 35S promoter.RNAi and ectopic expression analysis of OsGA2ox6 indicated that the dwarf trait and the decreased levels of bioactive GAs in the H032 mutant were a result of the up-regulation of the OsGA2ox6 gene.BLASTP analysis revealed that OsGA2ox6 belongs to the class III of GA 2-oxidases,which is a novel type of GA2ox that uses C20-GAs （GA12 and/or GA53） as the substrates.Interestingly,we found that a GA biosynthesis inhibitor,paclobutrazol,positively regulated the OsGA2ox6 gene.Unlike the over-expression of OsGA2ox1,which led to a high rate of seed abortion,the H032 mutant retained normal flowering and seed production.These results indicate that OsGA2ox6 mainly affects plant stature,and the dominant dwarf trait of the H032 mutant can be used as an efficient dwarf resource in rice breeding.
基金Supported by grants from Innovative Team Project of Jiangsu Province,China,No.CXZZ11_0705
文摘AIM:To investigate the biological role of mi R-1290 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) progression and invasion and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate mi R-1290 expression in ESCC tissue samples.The roles of mi R-1290 in cell proliferation,migration and invasion were identified using mi R-1290 mimic-transfected cells.In addition,the regulatory effect of mi R-1290 on suppressor of cancer cell invasion(SCAI) was evaluated using q RT-PCR,Western blot analysis and a dual luciferase reporter assay.RESULTS:mi R-1290 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissue samples compared with normal adjacent tissues(9.213 ± 1.150 vs 1.000 ± 0.0),(P < 0.01).Upregulation of mi R-1290 was associated with tumor differentiation(P = 0.021),N classification(P = 0.006) and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P = 0.021) in ESCC patients.Moreover,ectopic mi R-1290 expression potently promoted ESCC cell growth(P < 0.01),migration(P < 0.01) and invasion(P < 0.01) in vitro.mi R-1290 overexpression in ESCC cell lines decreased SCAI expression at the translational level and reduced SCAI-driven luciferase-reporter activity(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:Our findings suggested that mi R-1290 may play an oncogenic role in cellular processes of ESCC.
