AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous HBsAg-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) on patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Monocytes were isolated from fresh peripheral blood of 19 chronic HBV-infected...AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous HBsAg-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) on patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Monocytes were isolated from fresh peripheral blood of 19 chronic HBV-infected patients by Ficoil-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and cultured by plastic-adherence methods. DCs were induced and proliferated in the culture medium with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage-colony- stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and human interleukin-4 (rhIL-4). DCs pulsed with HBsAg for twelve hours were injected into patients subcutaneously twice at intervals of two weeks. Two patients received 100 mg oral lamivudine daily for 12 mo at the same time. HBV-DNA and viral markers in sera of patients were tested every two months. RESULTS: By the end of 2003, 11 of 19 (57.9%) patients had a clinical response to DC-treatment. HBeAg of 10 (52.6%) patients became negative, and the copies of HBV-DNA decreased 101.77±2.39 averagely (t = 3.13, P<0.01). Two cases co-treated with DCs and lamivudine had a complete clinical response. There were no significant differences in the efficient rate between the cases with ALT level lower than 2xULN and those with ALT level higher than 2xULN before treatment (X2 = 0.0026). CONCLUSION: Autologous DC-vaccine induced in vitro can effectively suppress HBV replication, reduce the virus load in sera, eliminate HBeAg and promote HBeAg/anti-HBe transformation. Not only the patients with high serum ALT levels but also those with normal ALT levels can respond to DC vaccine treatment, and the treatment combining DCs with lamivudine can eliminate viruses more effectively.展开更多
Consider the partly linear regression model , where y <SUB>i </SUB>’s are responses, are known and nonrandom design points, is a compact set in the real line , β = (β <SUB>1<...Consider the partly linear regression model , where y <SUB>i </SUB>’s are responses, are known and nonrandom design points, is a compact set in the real line , β = (β <SUB>1</SUB>, ··· , β <SUB>p </SUB>)' is an unknown parameter vector, g(·) is an unknown function and {ε <SUB>i </SUB>} is a linear process, i.e., , where e <SUB>j </SUB>are i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and variance . Drawing upon B-spline estimation of g(·) and least squares estimation of β, we construct estimators of the autocovariances of {ε <SUB>i </SUB>}. The uniform strong convergence rate of these estimators to their true values is then established. These results not only are a compensation for those of [23], but also have some application in modeling error structure. When the errors {ε <SUB>i </SUB>} are an ARMA process, our result can be used to develop a consistent procedure for determining the order of the ARMA process and identifying the non-zero coeffcients of the process. Moreover, our result can be used to construct the asymptotically effcient estimators for parameters in the ARMA error process.展开更多
A test for linearity in time series with β-ARCH errors is proposed in this paper. The empirical percentage points for tset statistic are also given. The simulating results under normal and non-normal error distributi...A test for linearity in time series with β-ARCH errors is proposed in this paper. The empirical percentage points for tset statistic are also given. The simulating results under normal and non-normal error distributions show that test suggested by us is very展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous HBsAg-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) on patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Monocytes were isolated from fresh peripheral blood of 19 chronic HBV-infected patients by Ficoil-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and cultured by plastic-adherence methods. DCs were induced and proliferated in the culture medium with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage-colony- stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and human interleukin-4 (rhIL-4). DCs pulsed with HBsAg for twelve hours were injected into patients subcutaneously twice at intervals of two weeks. Two patients received 100 mg oral lamivudine daily for 12 mo at the same time. HBV-DNA and viral markers in sera of patients were tested every two months. RESULTS: By the end of 2003, 11 of 19 (57.9%) patients had a clinical response to DC-treatment. HBeAg of 10 (52.6%) patients became negative, and the copies of HBV-DNA decreased 101.77±2.39 averagely (t = 3.13, P<0.01). Two cases co-treated with DCs and lamivudine had a complete clinical response. There were no significant differences in the efficient rate between the cases with ALT level lower than 2xULN and those with ALT level higher than 2xULN before treatment (X2 = 0.0026). CONCLUSION: Autologous DC-vaccine induced in vitro can effectively suppress HBV replication, reduce the virus load in sera, eliminate HBeAg and promote HBeAg/anti-HBe transformation. Not only the patients with high serum ALT levels but also those with normal ALT levels can respond to DC vaccine treatment, and the treatment combining DCs with lamivudine can eliminate viruses more effectively.
基金the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KZCX2-SW-118)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70221001).
文摘Consider the partly linear regression model , where y <SUB>i </SUB>’s are responses, are known and nonrandom design points, is a compact set in the real line , β = (β <SUB>1</SUB>, ··· , β <SUB>p </SUB>)' is an unknown parameter vector, g(·) is an unknown function and {ε <SUB>i </SUB>} is a linear process, i.e., , where e <SUB>j </SUB>are i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and variance . Drawing upon B-spline estimation of g(·) and least squares estimation of β, we construct estimators of the autocovariances of {ε <SUB>i </SUB>}. The uniform strong convergence rate of these estimators to their true values is then established. These results not only are a compensation for those of [23], but also have some application in modeling error structure. When the errors {ε <SUB>i </SUB>} are an ARMA process, our result can be used to develop a consistent procedure for determining the order of the ARMA process and identifying the non-zero coeffcients of the process. Moreover, our result can be used to construct the asymptotically effcient estimators for parameters in the ARMA error process.
文摘A test for linearity in time series with β-ARCH errors is proposed in this paper. The empirical percentage points for tset statistic are also given. The simulating results under normal and non-normal error distributions show that test suggested by us is very
