Due to increasing morbidity worldwide,fractures are becoming an emerging public health concern.This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the healing of osteoporotic as well as normal fractures.Type H ...Due to increasing morbidity worldwide,fractures are becoming an emerging public health concern.This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the healing of osteoporotic as well as normal fractures.Type H vessels have recently been identified as a bone-specific vascular subtype that supports osteogenesis.Here,we show that metformin accelerated fracture healing in both osteoporotic and normal mice.Moreover,metformin promoted angiogenesis in vitro under hypoxia as well as type H vessel formation throughout fracture healing.Mechanistically,metformin increased the expression of HIF-1α,an important positive regulator of type H vessel formation,by inhibiting the expression of YAP1/TAZ in calluses and hypoxia-cultured human microvascular endothelial cells(HMECs).The results of HIF-1αor YAP1/TAZ interference in hypoxia-cultured HMECs using si RNA further suggested that the enhancement of HIF-1αand its target genes by metformin is primarily through YAP1/TAZ inhibition.Finally,overexpression of YAP1/TAZ partially counteracted the effect of metformin in promoting type H vessel-induced angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling during fracture repair.In summary,our findings suggest that metformin has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for fractures by promoting type H vessel formation through YAP1/TAZ inhibition.展开更多
Human metabolite moisture detection is important in health monitoring and non-invasive diagnosis.However,ultra-sensitive quantitative extraction of respiration information in real-time remains a great challenge.Herein...Human metabolite moisture detection is important in health monitoring and non-invasive diagnosis.However,ultra-sensitive quantitative extraction of respiration information in real-time remains a great challenge.Herein,chemiresistors based on imine-linked covalent organic framework(COF)films with dual-active sites are fabricated to address this issue,which demonstrates an amplified humidity-sensing signal performance.By regulation of monomers and functional groups,these COF films can be pre-engineered to achieve high response,wide detection range,fast response,and recovery time.Under the condition of relative humidity ranging from 13 to 98%,the COFTAPB-DHTA film-based humidity sensor exhibits outstanding humidity sensing perfor-mance with an expanded response value of 390 times.Furthermore,the response values of the COF film-based sensor are highly linear to the relative humidity in the range below 60%,reflecting a quantitative sensing mechanism at the molecular level.Based on the dual-site adsorption of the(-C=N-)and(C-N)stretching vibrations,the revers-ible tautomerism induced by hydrogen bonding with water molecules is demonstrated to be the main intrinsic mechanism for this effective humidity detection.In addition,the synthesized COF films can be further exploited to effectively detect human nasal and oral breathing as well as fabric permeability,which will inspire novel designs for effective humidity-detection devices.展开更多
Background:Psychosocial functioning and quality of life(QoL)are strongly associated with outcomes in pediatric heart transplant recipients.The data in pediatric transplantation,however,is limited.This study aims to in...Background:Psychosocial functioning and quality of life(QoL)are strongly associated with outcomes in pediatric heart transplant recipients.The data in pediatric transplantation,however,is limited.This study aims to investigate the associations of perioperative anxiety and depression with postoperative complications,sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.Methods:This observational,analytical,longitudinal study included 42 pediatric participants aged 8 to 16 years old.Preoperative psychological assessments were completed by 36 children,the remaining 6 were unable to participate due to invasive ventilation,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),and physical debilitation.Postoperatively,all 42 subjects completed the psychosocial evaluations.Data on recipients characteristics,family characteristics and clinical parameters were collected.Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)and the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children(DSRSC).The Short Form-36 Health Survey(SF-36)was applied to assess the health-related QoL.Results:Before transplantation,91.7%(33/36)of the children exhibited symptoms of anxiety,and an identical proportion(91.7%,33/36)showed signs of depression.After transplantation,the rates of anxiety and depression decreased to 35.7%(15/42)and 11.9%(5/42),respectively.Longer disease course(p=0.042),preoperative hypoalbuminemia(p=0.032),older age(p=0.024),postoperative hypertension(p=0.011),and postoperative CRRT(p=0.015)result in depression symptoms.Preoperative hypoalbuminemia(p=0.032)was also more common in the anxiety group.Additionally,children with psychosocial risks had significantly lower QoL scores in general health(p=0.008)and mental health(p=0.015).Conclusions:Perioperative anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among pediatric heart transplant recipients.Although significant improvements in psychosocial risks were observed at posttransplantation,approximately 40%children continued to experience psychosocial challenges.展开更多
Li et al’s recent work on the risk factors for autoimmune gastritis provides clinical context for the vast majority of gastric neuroendocrine tumors(G-NETs).However,a deeper understanding of the underlying pathology ...Li et al’s recent work on the risk factors for autoimmune gastritis provides clinical context for the vast majority of gastric neuroendocrine tumors(G-NETs).However,a deeper understanding of the underlying pathology is needed for precise clinical management.Our letter details the predictable stepwise progression of type 1 G-NETs from autoimmune-driven corporal atrophy and hypergastrinemia to a clear microscopic sequence of enterochromaffin-like cell precursor lesions,including linear hyperplasia,micronodular hyperplasia,and dysplasia.We highlight the definitive diagnostic thresholds that separate these precursors from overt neoplasia:The 0.5 mm size rule and the presence of submucosal invasion.We advocate for a“prognostic biopsy protocol”in which pathologists actively report these precursor lesions and use Ki-67 to grade G-NETs,providing a quantitative risk assessment.This pathology-centric approach transforms surveillance,allowing clinicians to act on objective microscopic milestones rather than waiting for macroscopically visible tumors.展开更多
The microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of laser cladding Ni−WC coating on the surface of AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,microhardness testing,im...The microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of laser cladding Ni−WC coating on the surface of AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,microhardness testing,immersion corrosion testing,and electrochemical measurement.The results show that a smooth coating containing NiAl,Ni_(3)Al,M_(7)C_(3),M_(23)C_(6)phases(M=Ni,Al,Cr,W,Fe)and WC particles is prepared by laser cladding.Under a laser scanning speed of 120 mm/min,the microhardness of the cladding coating is 9−11 times that of AlSi5Cu1Mg,due to the synergistic effect of excellent metallurgical bond and newly formed carbides.The Ni−WC coating shows higher corrosion potential(−318.09 mV)and lower corrosion current density(12.33μA/cm^(2))compared with the matrix.The crack-free,dense cladding coating obviously inhibits the penetration of Cl^(−)and H^(+),leading to the remarkedly improved corrosion resistance of cladding coating.展开更多
The scientific application of stabilized materials has been considered an effective method for the in situ remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.This study aimed to investigate the persistence of the effect of a combine...The scientific application of stabilized materials has been considered an effective method for the in situ remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.This study aimed to investigate the persistence of the effect of a combined amendment of limestone and sepiolite(LS)on soil Cd availability and accumulation in rice grown in a mildly Cd-contaminated paddy field(0.45 mg/kg of Cd)over three consecutive rice seasons.1125–4500 kg/ha of LS was applied to the soil before the first rice planting season and 562.5–2250 kg/ha of LS was supplemented before the third rice planting season.The application of LS(1125–4500 kg/ha)increased the soil p H by 0.44–1.09,0.18–0.53,and 0.42–0.68 in the first,second,and third season,respectively,and decreased the soil acid-extractable Cd content by 18.2–36.4%,17.7–33.5%,and9.6–17.6%.LS application significantly decreased the Cd contents in the rice tissues.The application of 4500 kg/ha of LS decreased the Cd content in brown rice to below the National Food Limit Standard of 0.2 mg/kg(GB 2762-2017)in the three consecutive rice seasons.However,the effect of LS on the soil-rice system was significantly weakened in the third season.The supplementary application of 562.5–2250 kg/ha of LS further decreased the Cd content in brown rice by 26.1–56.5%and decreased the health risk index by 23.7–43.8%.Therefore,it was recommended to apply 4500 kg/ha of LS in the first season and to supplement2250 kg/ha of LS in the third season to effectively guarantee the clean production of rice in three consecutive rice seasons.展开更多
Real-time rapid detection of toxic gases at room temperature is particularly important for public health and environmental monitoring.Gas sensors based on conventional bulk materials often suffer from their poor surfa...Real-time rapid detection of toxic gases at room temperature is particularly important for public health and environmental monitoring.Gas sensors based on conventional bulk materials often suffer from their poor surface-sensitive sites,leading to a very low gas adsorption ability.Moreover,the charge transportation efficiency is usually inhibited by the low defect density of surface-sensitive area than that in the interior.In this work,a gas sensing structure model based on CuS quantum dots/Bi_(2)S_(3) nanosheets(CuS QDs/Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs)inspired by artificial neuron network is constructed.Simulation analysis by density functional calculation revealed that CuS QDs and Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs can be used as the main adsorption sites and charge transport pathways,respectively.Thus,the high-sensitivity sensing of NO_(2) can be realized by designing the artificial neuron-like sensor.The experimental results showed that the CuS QDs with a size of about 8 nm are highly adsorbable,which can enhance the NO_(2) sensitivity due to the rich sensitive sites and quantum size effect.The Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs can be used as a charge transfer network channel to achieve efficient charge collection and transmission.The neuron-like sensor that simulates biological smell shows a significantly enhanced response value(3.4),excellent responsiveness(18 s)and recovery rate(338 s),low theoretical detection limit of 78 ppb,and excellent selectivity for NO_(2).Furthermore,the developed wearable device can also realize the visual detection of NO2 through real-time signal changes.展开更多
This paper reviews the development of forced motion apparatuses(FMAs) and their applications in wind engineering. A kind of FMA has been developed to investigate nonlinear and nonstationary aerodynamic forces consider...This paper reviews the development of forced motion apparatuses(FMAs) and their applications in wind engineering. A kind of FMA has been developed to investigate nonlinear and nonstationary aerodynamic forces considering the coupled effects of multiple degrees of freedom(DOFs). This apparatus can make section models to vibrate in a prescribed displacement defined by a numerical signal in time domain, including stationary and nonstationary movements with time-variant amplitudes and frequencies and even stochastic displacements. A series of validation tests show that the apparatus can re-illustrate various motions with enough precision in 3 D coupled states of two linear displacements and one torsional displacement. To meet the requirement of aerodynamic modeling, the flutter derivatives of a box girder section are identified, verifying its accuracy and feasibility by comparing with previously reported results. By simulating the nonstationary vibration with time-variant amplitude, the phenomena of frequency multiplication and memory effects are examined. In addition to studying the aerodynamics of a bluff body under large amplitudes and nonstationary vibrations, some potential applications of the proposed FMA are discussed in vehicle-bridge-wind dynamic analysis, pile-soil interaction, and line-tower coupled vibration aerodynamics in structural engineering.展开更多
BACKGROUND Massive esophageal variceal bleeding can be catastrophic,leading to high morbidity and mortality.Patients experiencing massive esophageal variceal bleeding are at high risk of aspiration and hemorrhagic sho...BACKGROUND Massive esophageal variceal bleeding can be catastrophic,leading to high morbidity and mortality.Patients experiencing massive esophageal variceal bleeding are at high risk of aspiration and hemorrhagic shock in acute episodes.Intubation and bleeding control are the two essential steps for resuscitation of these patients.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with upper digestive tract bleeding.He was diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis and consequent esophagogastric varices.As he did not show a good response to somatostatin and Sengstaken-Blakemore tube placement,the patient was scheduled for endoscopic angiotherapy under anesthesia.Preoperative assessment showed an ASA physical status of III and Child-Pugh classification B.However,massive hemorrhage occurred just after induction of anesthesia.Intubation by video-guided laryngoscopy in the lateral decubitus position was attempted twice and was successful.After that,an experienced endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)specialist performed angiotherapy and occluded the culprit vessel.An ultra-thin gastroscope was then inserted into the endotracheal tube to extract the blood observed in the lobar bronchi.The patient suffered hemorrhagic shock with an estimated blood loss of 1500 mL in 20 min and remained in the intensive care unit for two days.The patient was discharged from our hospital eight days later without major complications.CONCLUSION Intubation in the lateral decubitus position and EUS-guided treatment can be lifesaving procedures in patients with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.展开更多
This paper reports the improvement of electrical,ferroelectric and endurance of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)(HZO)thinfilm capacitors by implementing W electrode.The W/HZO/W capacitor shows excellent pristine 2 P_(r)values of...This paper reports the improvement of electrical,ferroelectric and endurance of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)(HZO)thinfilm capacitors by implementing W electrode.The W/HZO/W capacitor shows excellent pristine 2 P_(r)values of 45.1 gC/cm^(2)at±6 V,which are much higher than those of TiN/HZO/W(34.4μC/cm^(2))and W/HZO/TiN(26.9μC/cm^(2))capacitors.Notably,the maximum initial 2 P_(r)value of W/HZO/W capacitor can reach as high as 57.9μC/cm^(2)at±7.5 V.These strong ferroelectric polarization effects are ascribed to the W electrode with a fairly low thermal expansion coefficient which provides a larger in-plane tensile strain compared with TiN electrode,allowing for enhancement of o-phase formation.Moreover,the W/HZO/W capacitor also exhibits higher endurance,smaller wake-up effect(10.1%)and superior fatigue properties up to 1.5×10^(10)cycles compared to the TiN/HZO/W and W/HZO/TiN capacitors.Such improvements of W/HZO/W capacitor are mainly due to the decreased leakage current by more than an order of magnitude compared to the W/HZO/TiN capacitor.These results demonstrate that capping electrode material plays an important role in the enhancement of o-phase formation,reduces oxygen vacancies,mitigates wake-up effect and improves reliability.展开更多
Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Co...Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Conghua District,which is the most prone to landslide disasters in Guangzhou,was selected for landslide susceptibility evaluation.The evaluation factors were selected by using correlation analysis and variance expansion factor method.Applying four machine learning methods namely Logistic Regression(LR),Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machines(SVM),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB),landslide models were constructed.Comparative analysis and evaluation of the model were conducted through statistical indices and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The results showed that LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models have good predictive performance for landslide susceptibility,with the area under curve(AUC)values of 0.752,0.965,0.996,and 0.998,respectively.XGB model had the highest predictive ability,followed by RF model,SVM model,and LR model.The frequency ratio(FR)accuracy of LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models was 0.775,0.842,0.759,and 0.822,respectively.RF and XGB models were superior to LR and SVM models,indicating that the integrated algorithm has better predictive ability than a single classification algorithm in regional landslide classification problems.展开更多
The structural properties, heats of formation, elastic properties, and electronic structures of four compositions of binary A1-Li intermetallics, A13Li, A1Li, A12Li3, and A14Li9, are ana- lyzed in detail by using dens...The structural properties, heats of formation, elastic properties, and electronic structures of four compositions of binary A1-Li intermetallics, A13Li, A1Li, A12Li3, and A14Li9, are ana- lyzed in detail by using density functional theory. The calculated formation heats indicate a strong chemical interaction between A1 and Li for all the A1-Li intermetallics. In partic- ular, in the Li-rich A1-Li compounds, the thermodynamic stability of intermetallics linearly decreases with increasing concentration of.Li. According to the computational single crystal elastic constants, all the four A1-Li intermetallic compounds considered here are mechani- cally stable. The polycrystalline elastic modulus and Poisson＇s ratio have been deduced by using Voigt, Reuss, and Hill approximations, and the calculated ratios of bulk modulus to shear modulus indicate that the four compositions of binary A1-Li intermetallics are brittle materials. With the increase of Li concentration, the bulk modulus of A1-Li intermetallics decreases in a linear manner.展开更多
How to achieve transmissions in an energy-efficient way in multi-hop decode and forward(DF) relay cognitive radio sensor networks(CRSNs) is important since sensor nodes in CRSNs are usually battery powered. This paper...How to achieve transmissions in an energy-efficient way in multi-hop decode and forward(DF) relay cognitive radio sensor networks(CRSNs) is important since sensor nodes in CRSNs are usually battery powered. This paper aims to maximize energy efficiency(EE) by joint optimizing sensing time and power allocation in multi-channels & multihops DF relay CRSNs under constraints on outage probability and sensing performance. First, we design a channel selection scheme for sensing according to the available probabilities of multi channels. Second, we analyze the expected throughput and energy consumption and formulate the EE problem as a concave/concave fractional program. Third, coordinate ascent and Charnes-Cooper Transformation(CCT) methods are used to transform the nonlinear fractional problem into an equivalent concave problem. Subsequently, the closed form of outage probability is derived and the convergence rate of the iterative algorithm is analyzed. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve effective EE.展开更多
Introduction The endothelial cells(ECs)lining every blood vessel wall constantly expose to the mechanical forces generated by the blood flow.The EC responses to these hemodynamic forces play a critical role in the hom...Introduction The endothelial cells(ECs)lining every blood vessel wall constantly expose to the mechanical forces generated by the blood flow.The EC responses to these hemodynamic forces play a critical role in the homeostasis of the circulatory system.In addition to forming a transport barrier between the blood and vessel wall,vascular ECs play important roles in regulating circulation functions.Besides biochemical stimuli,blood flow induced(hemodynamic)mechanical stimuli,such as shear stress,pressure and circumferential stretch,modulate EC morphology and functions by activating mechanosensors,signaling pathways,and gene and protein expressions.The EC responses to the hemodynamic forces(mechano-sensing and transduction)展开更多
Vanadium disulfide(VS_(2)) as a typical two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide has excellent competitiveness for sodium-ion storage due to its wide layer spacing(0.575 nm),high theoretical capacity of 932mAh...Vanadium disulfide(VS_(2)) as a typical two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide has excellent competitiveness for sodium-ion storage due to its wide layer spacing(0.575 nm),high theoretical capacity of 932mAh·g^(-1) originating from multi-electron electrochemical redox.However,continuous sodiation process accompanied by crystal structural evolution and collapse cause rapid capacity decaying.Herein,novel few-layer VS_(2)nanosheets with open(001) crystal planes are in-situ constructed on reduced graphene oxide to solve these issues mentioned above.It indicates that few-layer VS_(2)provides more Na^(+) storage activity due to the low Na^(+)surface migration energy barrier on exposed crystal(001)planes.The flexible and high electronic conductivity of carbon matrix also effectively builds multi-level buffer structure and electron transport kinetics to boost the Na^(+)insertion/conversion reactive activity on VS_(2) as well as Na^(+) pseudocapacitance storage kinetics on edges and defects of nano sheets.Those coupling effects result in high rate capability and long cycling stability as a battery/capacitor anode.It delivers conspicuous high energy density of 81 and 40 Wh·kg^(-1) at power density of 118 and 10,286W·kg^(-1),as well as 80% energy retention rate after 5000cycles,confirming its great application potential in sodiumbased storage devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.81874006,82172399,81902222,82060395,81902277,82072504,82000845)the Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.2020JJ4928,2020JJ4897,2021JJ30038,2021JJ40492)the Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University (Grant Nos.2020zzts255)。
文摘Due to increasing morbidity worldwide,fractures are becoming an emerging public health concern.This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the healing of osteoporotic as well as normal fractures.Type H vessels have recently been identified as a bone-specific vascular subtype that supports osteogenesis.Here,we show that metformin accelerated fracture healing in both osteoporotic and normal mice.Moreover,metformin promoted angiogenesis in vitro under hypoxia as well as type H vessel formation throughout fracture healing.Mechanistically,metformin increased the expression of HIF-1α,an important positive regulator of type H vessel formation,by inhibiting the expression of YAP1/TAZ in calluses and hypoxia-cultured human microvascular endothelial cells(HMECs).The results of HIF-1αor YAP1/TAZ interference in hypoxia-cultured HMECs using si RNA further suggested that the enhancement of HIF-1αand its target genes by metformin is primarily through YAP1/TAZ inhibition.Finally,overexpression of YAP1/TAZ partially counteracted the effect of metformin in promoting type H vessel-induced angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling during fracture repair.In summary,our findings suggest that metformin has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for fractures by promoting type H vessel formation through YAP1/TAZ inhibition.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3205500,and 2022YFC3104700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62101329 and 61971284)+4 种基金the Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1421400)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1430100)the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2020ZD203,SL2021MS006 and SL2020MS031)Scientific Research Fund of Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources of P.R.China(SL2003)Startup Fund for Youngman Research at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
文摘Human metabolite moisture detection is important in health monitoring and non-invasive diagnosis.However,ultra-sensitive quantitative extraction of respiration information in real-time remains a great challenge.Herein,chemiresistors based on imine-linked covalent organic framework(COF)films with dual-active sites are fabricated to address this issue,which demonstrates an amplified humidity-sensing signal performance.By regulation of monomers and functional groups,these COF films can be pre-engineered to achieve high response,wide detection range,fast response,and recovery time.Under the condition of relative humidity ranging from 13 to 98%,the COFTAPB-DHTA film-based humidity sensor exhibits outstanding humidity sensing perfor-mance with an expanded response value of 390 times.Furthermore,the response values of the COF film-based sensor are highly linear to the relative humidity in the range below 60%,reflecting a quantitative sensing mechanism at the molecular level.Based on the dual-site adsorption of the(-C=N-)and(C-N)stretching vibrations,the revers-ible tautomerism induced by hydrogen bonding with water molecules is demonstrated to be the main intrinsic mechanism for this effective humidity detection.In addition,the synthesized COF films can be further exploited to effectively detect human nasal and oral breathing as well as fabric permeability,which will inspire novel designs for effective humidity-detection devices.
文摘Background:Psychosocial functioning and quality of life(QoL)are strongly associated with outcomes in pediatric heart transplant recipients.The data in pediatric transplantation,however,is limited.This study aims to investigate the associations of perioperative anxiety and depression with postoperative complications,sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.Methods:This observational,analytical,longitudinal study included 42 pediatric participants aged 8 to 16 years old.Preoperative psychological assessments were completed by 36 children,the remaining 6 were unable to participate due to invasive ventilation,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),and physical debilitation.Postoperatively,all 42 subjects completed the psychosocial evaluations.Data on recipients characteristics,family characteristics and clinical parameters were collected.Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)and the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children(DSRSC).The Short Form-36 Health Survey(SF-36)was applied to assess the health-related QoL.Results:Before transplantation,91.7%(33/36)of the children exhibited symptoms of anxiety,and an identical proportion(91.7%,33/36)showed signs of depression.After transplantation,the rates of anxiety and depression decreased to 35.7%(15/42)and 11.9%(5/42),respectively.Longer disease course(p=0.042),preoperative hypoalbuminemia(p=0.032),older age(p=0.024),postoperative hypertension(p=0.011),and postoperative CRRT(p=0.015)result in depression symptoms.Preoperative hypoalbuminemia(p=0.032)was also more common in the anxiety group.Additionally,children with psychosocial risks had significantly lower QoL scores in general health(p=0.008)and mental health(p=0.015).Conclusions:Perioperative anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among pediatric heart transplant recipients.Although significant improvements in psychosocial risks were observed at posttransplantation,approximately 40%children continued to experience psychosocial challenges.
基金Supported by the Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau,No.2023MSXM060.
文摘Li et al’s recent work on the risk factors for autoimmune gastritis provides clinical context for the vast majority of gastric neuroendocrine tumors(G-NETs).However,a deeper understanding of the underlying pathology is needed for precise clinical management.Our letter details the predictable stepwise progression of type 1 G-NETs from autoimmune-driven corporal atrophy and hypergastrinemia to a clear microscopic sequence of enterochromaffin-like cell precursor lesions,including linear hyperplasia,micronodular hyperplasia,and dysplasia.We highlight the definitive diagnostic thresholds that separate these precursors from overt neoplasia:The 0.5 mm size rule and the presence of submucosal invasion.We advocate for a“prognostic biopsy protocol”in which pathologists actively report these precursor lesions and use Ki-67 to grade G-NETs,providing a quantitative risk assessment.This pathology-centric approach transforms surveillance,allowing clinicians to act on objective microscopic milestones rather than waiting for macroscopically visible tumors.
文摘The microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of laser cladding Ni−WC coating on the surface of AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,microhardness testing,immersion corrosion testing,and electrochemical measurement.The results show that a smooth coating containing NiAl,Ni_(3)Al,M_(7)C_(3),M_(23)C_(6)phases(M=Ni,Al,Cr,W,Fe)and WC particles is prepared by laser cladding.Under a laser scanning speed of 120 mm/min,the microhardness of the cladding coating is 9−11 times that of AlSi5Cu1Mg,due to the synergistic effect of excellent metallurgical bond and newly formed carbides.The Ni−WC coating shows higher corrosion potential(−318.09 mV)and lower corrosion current density(12.33μA/cm^(2))compared with the matrix.The crack-free,dense cladding coating obviously inhibits the penetration of Cl^(−)and H^(+),leading to the remarkedly improved corrosion resistance of cladding coating.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41907126)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2018JJ3880,2018JJ3881)the Changsha Science and Technology Project(No.kq1901138)。
文摘The scientific application of stabilized materials has been considered an effective method for the in situ remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.This study aimed to investigate the persistence of the effect of a combined amendment of limestone and sepiolite(LS)on soil Cd availability and accumulation in rice grown in a mildly Cd-contaminated paddy field(0.45 mg/kg of Cd)over three consecutive rice seasons.1125–4500 kg/ha of LS was applied to the soil before the first rice planting season and 562.5–2250 kg/ha of LS was supplemented before the third rice planting season.The application of LS(1125–4500 kg/ha)increased the soil p H by 0.44–1.09,0.18–0.53,and 0.42–0.68 in the first,second,and third season,respectively,and decreased the soil acid-extractable Cd content by 18.2–36.4%,17.7–33.5%,and9.6–17.6%.LS application significantly decreased the Cd contents in the rice tissues.The application of 4500 kg/ha of LS decreased the Cd content in brown rice to below the National Food Limit Standard of 0.2 mg/kg(GB 2762-2017)in the three consecutive rice seasons.However,the effect of LS on the soil-rice system was significantly weakened in the third season.The supplementary application of 562.5–2250 kg/ha of LS further decreased the Cd content in brown rice by 26.1–56.5%and decreased the health risk index by 23.7–43.8%.Therefore,it was recommended to apply 4500 kg/ha of LS in the first season and to supplement2250 kg/ha of LS in the third season to effectively guarantee the clean production of rice in three consecutive rice seasons.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61971284)the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2020ZD203 and SL2020MS031)+2 种基金Scientific Research Fund of Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources of P.R.China(SL2003)Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1421400)Startup Fund for Youngman Research at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
文摘Real-time rapid detection of toxic gases at room temperature is particularly important for public health and environmental monitoring.Gas sensors based on conventional bulk materials often suffer from their poor surface-sensitive sites,leading to a very low gas adsorption ability.Moreover,the charge transportation efficiency is usually inhibited by the low defect density of surface-sensitive area than that in the interior.In this work,a gas sensing structure model based on CuS quantum dots/Bi_(2)S_(3) nanosheets(CuS QDs/Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs)inspired by artificial neuron network is constructed.Simulation analysis by density functional calculation revealed that CuS QDs and Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs can be used as the main adsorption sites and charge transport pathways,respectively.Thus,the high-sensitivity sensing of NO_(2) can be realized by designing the artificial neuron-like sensor.The experimental results showed that the CuS QDs with a size of about 8 nm are highly adsorbable,which can enhance the NO_(2) sensitivity due to the rich sensitive sites and quantum size effect.The Bi_(2)S_(3) NSs can be used as a charge transfer network channel to achieve efficient charge collection and transmission.The neuron-like sensor that simulates biological smell shows a significantly enhanced response value(3.4),excellent responsiveness(18 s)and recovery rate(338 s),low theoretical detection limit of 78 ppb,and excellent selectivity for NO_(2).Furthermore,the developed wearable device can also realize the visual detection of NO2 through real-time signal changes.
基金Project supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2010ZX06004-013)the Specialized Research Fund of the Postdoctoral Program of the Dongfang Boiler Group Co.,Ltd.,China
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFC0809600 and 2018YFC0809604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51678451)the Independent Subject of State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering(No.SLDRCE19-B-11),Tongji University,China。
文摘This paper reviews the development of forced motion apparatuses(FMAs) and their applications in wind engineering. A kind of FMA has been developed to investigate nonlinear and nonstationary aerodynamic forces considering the coupled effects of multiple degrees of freedom(DOFs). This apparatus can make section models to vibrate in a prescribed displacement defined by a numerical signal in time domain, including stationary and nonstationary movements with time-variant amplitudes and frequencies and even stochastic displacements. A series of validation tests show that the apparatus can re-illustrate various motions with enough precision in 3 D coupled states of two linear displacements and one torsional displacement. To meet the requirement of aerodynamic modeling, the flutter derivatives of a box girder section are identified, verifying its accuracy and feasibility by comparing with previously reported results. By simulating the nonstationary vibration with time-variant amplitude, the phenomena of frequency multiplication and memory effects are examined. In addition to studying the aerodynamics of a bluff body under large amplitudes and nonstationary vibrations, some potential applications of the proposed FMA are discussed in vehicle-bridge-wind dynamic analysis, pile-soil interaction, and line-tower coupled vibration aerodynamics in structural engineering.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China to CBL,No.81971876National Key Research and Development Program of China to FXM,No.2018YFC2001900.
文摘BACKGROUND Massive esophageal variceal bleeding can be catastrophic,leading to high morbidity and mortality.Patients experiencing massive esophageal variceal bleeding are at high risk of aspiration and hemorrhagic shock in acute episodes.Intubation and bleeding control are the two essential steps for resuscitation of these patients.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with upper digestive tract bleeding.He was diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis and consequent esophagogastric varices.As he did not show a good response to somatostatin and Sengstaken-Blakemore tube placement,the patient was scheduled for endoscopic angiotherapy under anesthesia.Preoperative assessment showed an ASA physical status of III and Child-Pugh classification B.However,massive hemorrhage occurred just after induction of anesthesia.Intubation by video-guided laryngoscopy in the lateral decubitus position was attempted twice and was successful.After that,an experienced endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)specialist performed angiotherapy and occluded the culprit vessel.An ultra-thin gastroscope was then inserted into the endotracheal tube to extract the blood observed in the lobar bronchi.The patient suffered hemorrhagic shock with an estimated blood loss of 1500 mL in 20 min and remained in the intensive care unit for two days.The patient was discharged from our hospital eight days later without major complications.CONCLUSION Intubation in the lateral decubitus position and EUS-guided treatment can be lifesaving procedures in patients with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51872099)the Hong Kong Research Grant Council(No.15300619)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.201905-0001)the Guangdong Science and Technology Project-International Cooperation(No.2021A0505030064)financial support by the Hong Kong Scholars Program(No.XJ2019006)。
文摘This paper reports the improvement of electrical,ferroelectric and endurance of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)(HZO)thinfilm capacitors by implementing W electrode.The W/HZO/W capacitor shows excellent pristine 2 P_(r)values of 45.1 gC/cm^(2)at±6 V,which are much higher than those of TiN/HZO/W(34.4μC/cm^(2))and W/HZO/TiN(26.9μC/cm^(2))capacitors.Notably,the maximum initial 2 P_(r)value of W/HZO/W capacitor can reach as high as 57.9μC/cm^(2)at±7.5 V.These strong ferroelectric polarization effects are ascribed to the W electrode with a fairly low thermal expansion coefficient which provides a larger in-plane tensile strain compared with TiN electrode,allowing for enhancement of o-phase formation.Moreover,the W/HZO/W capacitor also exhibits higher endurance,smaller wake-up effect(10.1%)and superior fatigue properties up to 1.5×10^(10)cycles compared to the TiN/HZO/W and W/HZO/TiN capacitors.Such improvements of W/HZO/W capacitor are mainly due to the decreased leakage current by more than an order of magnitude compared to the W/HZO/TiN capacitor.These results demonstrate that capping electrode material plays an important role in the enhancement of o-phase formation,reduces oxygen vacancies,mitigates wake-up effect and improves reliability.
基金supported by the projects of the China Geological Survey(DD20221729,DD20190291)Zhuhai Urban Geological Survey(including informatization)(MZCD–2201–008).
文摘Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Conghua District,which is the most prone to landslide disasters in Guangzhou,was selected for landslide susceptibility evaluation.The evaluation factors were selected by using correlation analysis and variance expansion factor method.Applying four machine learning methods namely Logistic Regression(LR),Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machines(SVM),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB),landslide models were constructed.Comparative analysis and evaluation of the model were conducted through statistical indices and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The results showed that LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models have good predictive performance for landslide susceptibility,with the area under curve(AUC)values of 0.752,0.965,0.996,and 0.998,respectively.XGB model had the highest predictive ability,followed by RF model,SVM model,and LR model.The frequency ratio(FR)accuracy of LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models was 0.775,0.842,0.759,and 0.822,respectively.RF and XGB models were superior to LR and SVM models,indicating that the integrated algorithm has better predictive ability than a single classification algorithm in regional landslide classification problems.
文摘The structural properties, heats of formation, elastic properties, and electronic structures of four compositions of binary A1-Li intermetallics, A13Li, A1Li, A12Li3, and A14Li9, are ana- lyzed in detail by using density functional theory. The calculated formation heats indicate a strong chemical interaction between A1 and Li for all the A1-Li intermetallics. In partic- ular, in the Li-rich A1-Li compounds, the thermodynamic stability of intermetallics linearly decreases with increasing concentration of.Li. According to the computational single crystal elastic constants, all the four A1-Li intermetallic compounds considered here are mechani- cally stable. The polycrystalline elastic modulus and Poisson＇s ratio have been deduced by using Voigt, Reuss, and Hill approximations, and the calculated ratios of bulk modulus to shear modulus indicate that the four compositions of binary A1-Li intermetallics are brittle materials. With the increase of Li concentration, the bulk modulus of A1-Li intermetallics decreases in a linear manner.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China. (Grant No. 61771410)
文摘How to achieve transmissions in an energy-efficient way in multi-hop decode and forward(DF) relay cognitive radio sensor networks(CRSNs) is important since sensor nodes in CRSNs are usually battery powered. This paper aims to maximize energy efficiency(EE) by joint optimizing sensing time and power allocation in multi-channels & multihops DF relay CRSNs under constraints on outage probability and sensing performance. First, we design a channel selection scheme for sensing according to the available probabilities of multi channels. Second, we analyze the expected throughput and energy consumption and formulate the EE problem as a concave/concave fractional program. Third, coordinate ascent and Charnes-Cooper Transformation(CCT) methods are used to transform the nonlinear fractional problem into an equivalent concave problem. Subsequently, the closed form of outage probability is derived and the convergence rate of the iterative algorithm is analyzed. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve effective EE.
文摘Introduction The endothelial cells(ECs)lining every blood vessel wall constantly expose to the mechanical forces generated by the blood flow.The EC responses to these hemodynamic forces play a critical role in the homeostasis of the circulatory system.In addition to forming a transport barrier between the blood and vessel wall,vascular ECs play important roles in regulating circulation functions.Besides biochemical stimuli,blood flow induced(hemodynamic)mechanical stimuli,such as shear stress,pressure and circumferential stretch,modulate EC morphology and functions by activating mechanosensors,signaling pathways,and gene and protein expressions.The EC responses to the hemodynamic forces(mechano-sensing and transduction)
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52072322 and 51604250)Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Nos.2022YFG0294 and 2019-GH02-00052-HZ)。
文摘Vanadium disulfide(VS_(2)) as a typical two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide has excellent competitiveness for sodium-ion storage due to its wide layer spacing(0.575 nm),high theoretical capacity of 932mAh·g^(-1) originating from multi-electron electrochemical redox.However,continuous sodiation process accompanied by crystal structural evolution and collapse cause rapid capacity decaying.Herein,novel few-layer VS_(2)nanosheets with open(001) crystal planes are in-situ constructed on reduced graphene oxide to solve these issues mentioned above.It indicates that few-layer VS_(2)provides more Na^(+) storage activity due to the low Na^(+)surface migration energy barrier on exposed crystal(001)planes.The flexible and high electronic conductivity of carbon matrix also effectively builds multi-level buffer structure and electron transport kinetics to boost the Na^(+)insertion/conversion reactive activity on VS_(2) as well as Na^(+) pseudocapacitance storage kinetics on edges and defects of nano sheets.Those coupling effects result in high rate capability and long cycling stability as a battery/capacitor anode.It delivers conspicuous high energy density of 81 and 40 Wh·kg^(-1) at power density of 118 and 10,286W·kg^(-1),as well as 80% energy retention rate after 5000cycles,confirming its great application potential in sodiumbased storage devices.
