Identifying the cause of respiratory tract infections is important for reducing the burden of diagnosis and treatment.To assess viral etiologies of hospitalized patients with pulmonary infection,bronchoalveolar lavage...Identifying the cause of respiratory tract infections is important for reducing the burden of diagnosis and treatment.To assess viral etiologies of hospitalized patients with pulmonary infection,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)specimens were collected from non-COVID-19 adult patients(n=333,including patients with lower respiratory tract infection,tuberculosis,lung cancer,and pulmonary nodules)between November 2020 and November 2021.Multiple common respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.The result showed that at least one virus was identified in 35.44%(118/333)of the cases.Among these,influenza virus was the most commonly identified,followed by the parainfluenza virus,coronavirus,human rhinoviruses,and human respiratory syncytial viruses.The tuberculosis group demonstrated the highest viral detection rate,yet paradoxically exhibited the lowest co-infection rate.In contrast,the highest co-infection frequency was observed in the pulmonary nodules group.Patients with viral infections exhibited more severe clinical symptoms compared to those without detected viral infections.However,this observation was only noted in the lower respiratory tract infection group among the different disease groups.Notably,among patients infected with a specific virus,there were no significant differences in viral load between single and co-infections.Our study identified the major causative agents in hospitalized adult patients with pulmonary infection,offering insights for precise disease diagnosis and the prevention of unnecessary use of antimicrobial drugs.展开更多
The infectious coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread all over the world and been persistently evolving so far.The number of deaths in the whole world has been rising rapidly.However,the early warning factors fo...The infectious coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread all over the world and been persistently evolving so far.The number of deaths in the whole world has been rising rapidly.However,the early warning factors for mortality have not been well ascertained.In this retrospective,single-centre cohort study,we included some adult inpatients(≥18 years old)with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University who had been discharged or had died by Apr.8,2020.Demographic,clinical and laboratory data at admission were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors.We used univariable analysis,Cox proportional hazard model analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve to explore the early warning factors associated with in-hospital death.A total of 159 patients were included in this study,of whom 86 were discharged and 73 died in hospital.Hypertension(52.1%vs.29.1%,P=0.003)and coronary heart disease(28.8%vs.12.8%,P=0.012)were more frequent among non-survived patients than among survived patients.The proportions of patients with dyspnoea(67.1%vs.25.6%,P<0.001),chest distress(58.9%vs.26.7%,P<0.001)and fatigue(64.4%vs.25.6%,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the non-survived group than in the survived group.Regression analysis with the Cox proportional hazards mode revealed that increasing odds of in-hospital death were associated with higher IL-6(odds ratio 10.87,95%CI 1.41–83.59;P=0.022),lactate(3.59,1.71–7.54;P=0.001),older age(1.86,1.03–3.38;P=0.041)and lower lymphopenia(5.44,2.71–10.93;P<0.001)at admission.The areas under the ROC curve(AUCs)of IL-6,lymphocyte,age and lactate were 0.933,0.928,0.786 and 0.753 respectively.The AUC of IL-6 was significantly higher than that of age(z=3.332,P=0.0009)and lactate(z=4.441,P<0.0001)for outcome prediction.There was no significant difference between the AUCs of IL-6 and lymphocyte for outcome prediction(z=0.372,P=0.7101).It was concluded that the potential risk factors of higher IL-6,lactate,older age and lower lymphopenia at admission could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic remains ever prevalent and afflicting—partially because one of its transmission pathways is aerosol.With the widely used central air conditioning systems worldwide,indoor virus aerosols can rapi...The COVID-19 pandemic remains ever prevalent and afflicting—partially because one of its transmission pathways is aerosol.With the widely used central air conditioning systems worldwide,indoor virus aerosols can rapidly migrate,thus resulting in rapid infection transmission.It is therefore important to install microbial aerosol treatment units in the air conditioning systems,and we herein investigated the possibility of combining such filtration with UV irradiation to address virus aerosols.Results showed that the removal efficiency of filtration towards f2 and MS2 phages depended on the type of commercial filter material and the filtration speed,with an optimal velocity of 5 cm/s for virus removal.Additionally,it was found that UV irradiation had a significant effect on inactivating viruses enriched on the surfaces of filter materials;MS2 phages had greater resistance to UV-C irradiation than f2 phages.The optimal inactivation time for UV-C irradiation was 30 min,with higher irradiation times presenting no substantial increase in inactivation rate.Moreover,excessive virus enrichment on the filters decreased the inactivation effect.Timely inactivation is therefore recommended.In general,the combined system involving filtration with UV-C irradiation demonstrated a significant removal effect on virus aerosols.Moreover,the system is simple and economical,making it convenient for widespread implementation in air-conditioning systems.展开更多
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370008,32470169)National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC260550)Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2023A01001).
文摘Identifying the cause of respiratory tract infections is important for reducing the burden of diagnosis and treatment.To assess viral etiologies of hospitalized patients with pulmonary infection,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)specimens were collected from non-COVID-19 adult patients(n=333,including patients with lower respiratory tract infection,tuberculosis,lung cancer,and pulmonary nodules)between November 2020 and November 2021.Multiple common respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.The result showed that at least one virus was identified in 35.44%(118/333)of the cases.Among these,influenza virus was the most commonly identified,followed by the parainfluenza virus,coronavirus,human rhinoviruses,and human respiratory syncytial viruses.The tuberculosis group demonstrated the highest viral detection rate,yet paradoxically exhibited the lowest co-infection rate.In contrast,the highest co-infection frequency was observed in the pulmonary nodules group.Patients with viral infections exhibited more severe clinical symptoms compared to those without detected viral infections.However,this observation was only noted in the lower respiratory tract infection group among the different disease groups.Notably,among patients infected with a specific virus,there were no significant differences in viral load between single and co-infections.Our study identified the major causative agents in hospitalized adult patients with pulmonary infection,offering insights for precise disease diagnosis and the prevention of unnecessary use of antimicrobial drugs.
文摘The infectious coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread all over the world and been persistently evolving so far.The number of deaths in the whole world has been rising rapidly.However,the early warning factors for mortality have not been well ascertained.In this retrospective,single-centre cohort study,we included some adult inpatients(≥18 years old)with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University who had been discharged or had died by Apr.8,2020.Demographic,clinical and laboratory data at admission were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors.We used univariable analysis,Cox proportional hazard model analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve to explore the early warning factors associated with in-hospital death.A total of 159 patients were included in this study,of whom 86 were discharged and 73 died in hospital.Hypertension(52.1%vs.29.1%,P=0.003)and coronary heart disease(28.8%vs.12.8%,P=0.012)were more frequent among non-survived patients than among survived patients.The proportions of patients with dyspnoea(67.1%vs.25.6%,P<0.001),chest distress(58.9%vs.26.7%,P<0.001)and fatigue(64.4%vs.25.6%,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the non-survived group than in the survived group.Regression analysis with the Cox proportional hazards mode revealed that increasing odds of in-hospital death were associated with higher IL-6(odds ratio 10.87,95%CI 1.41–83.59;P=0.022),lactate(3.59,1.71–7.54;P=0.001),older age(1.86,1.03–3.38;P=0.041)and lower lymphopenia(5.44,2.71–10.93;P<0.001)at admission.The areas under the ROC curve(AUCs)of IL-6,lymphocyte,age and lactate were 0.933,0.928,0.786 and 0.753 respectively.The AUC of IL-6 was significantly higher than that of age(z=3.332,P=0.0009)and lactate(z=4.441,P<0.0001)for outcome prediction.There was no significant difference between the AUCs of IL-6 and lymphocyte for outcome prediction(z=0.372,P=0.7101).It was concluded that the potential risk factors of higher IL-6,lactate,older age and lower lymphopenia at admission could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52070192),which was greatly acknowledged.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic remains ever prevalent and afflicting—partially because one of its transmission pathways is aerosol.With the widely used central air conditioning systems worldwide,indoor virus aerosols can rapidly migrate,thus resulting in rapid infection transmission.It is therefore important to install microbial aerosol treatment units in the air conditioning systems,and we herein investigated the possibility of combining such filtration with UV irradiation to address virus aerosols.Results showed that the removal efficiency of filtration towards f2 and MS2 phages depended on the type of commercial filter material and the filtration speed,with an optimal velocity of 5 cm/s for virus removal.Additionally,it was found that UV irradiation had a significant effect on inactivating viruses enriched on the surfaces of filter materials;MS2 phages had greater resistance to UV-C irradiation than f2 phages.The optimal inactivation time for UV-C irradiation was 30 min,with higher irradiation times presenting no substantial increase in inactivation rate.Moreover,excessive virus enrichment on the filters decreased the inactivation effect.Timely inactivation is therefore recommended.In general,the combined system involving filtration with UV-C irradiation demonstrated a significant removal effect on virus aerosols.Moreover,the system is simple and economical,making it convenient for widespread implementation in air-conditioning systems.
