The electrolysis of alkaline seawater is critical for sustainable hydrogen production but is hindered by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction in saline environments.Advanced electrocatalysts with tailored structures...The electrolysis of alkaline seawater is critical for sustainable hydrogen production but is hindered by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction in saline environments.Advanced electrocatalysts with tailored structures and electronic properties are essential,and phase engineering provides a transformative approach by modulating crystallographic symmetry and electronic configurations.Two-dimensional(2D)LaMnO_(3) perovskites show promise due to their exposed active sites and tunable electronic properties.However,the conventional stable rhombohedral phase limits oxygen diffusion despite good electron transport.Unconventional metastable phases with superior symmetry enhance lattice oxygen activity in saline environments but are challenging to synthesize.Herein,we propose a microwave shock method incorporating Co atoms to rapidly produce 2D LaMnO_(3) in rhombohedral,hexagonal,and metastable cubic phases.This strategy circumvents the limitations of high-temperature synthesis,preserving the 2D morphology while enabling the formation of metastable cubic phases.The metastable cubic phase exhibits superior OER activity and stability even in alkaline seawater due to optimal symmetry,interlayer spacing,and Mn-O covalency.X-ray absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculations further highlight its balanced oxygen adsorption and desorption.This work underscores the role of metastable phase engineering in advancing seawater electrolysis and establishes a scalable route for designing high-performance 2D electrocatalysts.展开更多
The incorporation of partial A-site substitution in perovskite oxides represents a promising strategy for precisely controlling the electronic configuration and enhancing its intrinsic catalytic activity.Conventional ...The incorporation of partial A-site substitution in perovskite oxides represents a promising strategy for precisely controlling the electronic configuration and enhancing its intrinsic catalytic activity.Conventional methods for A-site substitution typically involve prolonged high-temperature processes.While these processes promote the development of unique nanostructures with highly exposed active sites,they often result in the uncontrolled configuration of introduced elements.Herein,we present a novel approach for synthesizing two-dimensional(2D)porous GdFeO_(3) perovskite with A-site strontium(Sr)substitution utilizing microwave shock method.This technique enables precise control of the Sr content and simultaneous construction of 2D porous structures in one step,capitalizing on the advantages of rapid heating and cooling(temperature~1100 K,rate~70 K s^(-1)).The active sites of this oxygen-rich defect structure can be clearly revealed through the simulation of the electronic configuration and the comprehensive analysis of the crystal structure.For electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction application,the synthesized 2D porous Gd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3) electrocatalyst exhibits an exceptional overpotential of 294 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)and a small Tafel slope of 55.85 mV dec^(-1)in alkaline electrolytes.This study offers a fresh perspective on designing crystal configurations and the construction of nanostructures in perovskite.展开更多
目的:探讨布托啡诺与罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对妇科肿瘤腹腔镜手术患者的止痛效果及加速康复的影响。方法:选取60例拟行腹腔镜手术妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象,按照TAPB注入的麻醉药物不同分为对照组和研究组,每组各30例。对照组每侧...目的:探讨布托啡诺与罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对妇科肿瘤腹腔镜手术患者的止痛效果及加速康复的影响。方法:选取60例拟行腹腔镜手术妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象,按照TAPB注入的麻醉药物不同分为对照组和研究组,每组各30例。对照组每侧注入0.375%盐酸罗哌卡因注射液20 mL+0.9%氯化钠溶液1 mL;研究组每侧注入0.375%盐酸罗哌卡因注射液20 mL+0.1%酒石酸布托啡诺注射液1 mL。比较两组患者术中不同时刻心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP)水平,术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量,术后不同时刻视觉模拟评分(VAS),血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10含量,身体康复相关指标及药物不良反应发生率。结果:研究组切皮后5 min HR、MAP水平、术中瑞芬太尼用量及术后6、12、24 h VAS评分及术后24 h血清IL-6含量均低于对照组(P<0.05);排气时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h IL-10含量、QoR-40评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:布托啡诺与罗哌卡因TAPB有利于维持妇科肿瘤腹腔镜手术患者术中血流动力学稳定,降低术中瑞芬太尼用量,提高止痛效果,加速术后康复进程,降低不良反应发生率,具有较高的安全性。展开更多
析氧反应(OER)被认为是电解水的关键限制步骤,已被广泛作为清洁能源方式用于解决能源和环境问题。钙钛矿氧化物(ABO_(3))具有可调的电子结构、高灵活性的元素组成,能在OER中表现出良好的催化活性。然而,钙钛矿氧化物的合成通常需要经历...析氧反应(OER)被认为是电解水的关键限制步骤,已被广泛作为清洁能源方式用于解决能源和环境问题。钙钛矿氧化物(ABO_(3))具有可调的电子结构、高灵活性的元素组成,能在OER中表现出良好的催化活性。然而,钙钛矿氧化物的合成通常需要经历长时间的高温,极易导致金属的聚集和影响材料的本征活性。气相微波技术可以显著缩短热处理时间,从而减少相关的碳排放。这项技术不仅解决了对碳中性过程日益增长的需求,而且还增加了对合成的控制,以避免产品的不良团聚。本文采用微波热冲法快速制备了二维(2D)多孔La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)钙钛矿。伴随微波过程的快速熵增可以有效地暴露La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)结构中丰富的活性位点。此外,高能微波冲击过程可以精准地将Sr2+引入到LaCoO_(3)的晶格中,通过增加Co的氧化态来增加氧空位量。这种锶元素取代镧引入的氧空位能极大提高催化剂的本征催化活性。对于碱性电解液中的OER应用,制备的La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)在10 m A·cm^(-2)下展现出了360 m V的过电位,Tafel斜率为76.6 mV·dec^(-1)。且在经历30000秒的长时间循环测试后仍能维持初始电流密度的97%。这项研究为高活性二维钙钛矿的合成提供了一种简便、快速的策略。展开更多
放疗诱发肉瘤(radiation induced sarcoma,RIS)是放射治疗后一种少见而严重的并发症,在全身多个部位的原发肿瘤放疗后均有报道,其恶性程度高,预后差,在临床诊断及治疗上均有极大难度。本文报告1例舌鳞状细胞癌放疗后诱发下颌骨骨肉瘤,...放疗诱发肉瘤(radiation induced sarcoma,RIS)是放射治疗后一种少见而严重的并发症,在全身多个部位的原发肿瘤放疗后均有报道,其恶性程度高,预后差,在临床诊断及治疗上均有极大难度。本文报告1例舌鳞状细胞癌放疗后诱发下颌骨骨肉瘤,同时伴发舌、口底第二原发癌的患者,并结合国内外文献,对头颈部放疗诱发肉瘤(radiationinduced sarcoma of head and neck,RISHN)的发病因素、诊断标准、临床特点、治疗及预后进行讨论。展开更多
文摘The electrolysis of alkaline seawater is critical for sustainable hydrogen production but is hindered by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction in saline environments.Advanced electrocatalysts with tailored structures and electronic properties are essential,and phase engineering provides a transformative approach by modulating crystallographic symmetry and electronic configurations.Two-dimensional(2D)LaMnO_(3) perovskites show promise due to their exposed active sites and tunable electronic properties.However,the conventional stable rhombohedral phase limits oxygen diffusion despite good electron transport.Unconventional metastable phases with superior symmetry enhance lattice oxygen activity in saline environments but are challenging to synthesize.Herein,we propose a microwave shock method incorporating Co atoms to rapidly produce 2D LaMnO_(3) in rhombohedral,hexagonal,and metastable cubic phases.This strategy circumvents the limitations of high-temperature synthesis,preserving the 2D morphology while enabling the formation of metastable cubic phases.The metastable cubic phase exhibits superior OER activity and stability even in alkaline seawater due to optimal symmetry,interlayer spacing,and Mn-O covalency.X-ray absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculations further highlight its balanced oxygen adsorption and desorption.This work underscores the role of metastable phase engineering in advancing seawater electrolysis and establishes a scalable route for designing high-performance 2D electrocatalysts.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52203070)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies (FZ2022005)+2 种基金the Open Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fiber and Ecological Dyeing and Finishing (STRZ202203)the financial support provided by the China Scholarship Council (CSC)Visiting Scholar Programfinancial support from Institute for Sustainability,Energy and Resources,The University of Adelaide,Future Making Fellowship,Australia。
文摘The incorporation of partial A-site substitution in perovskite oxides represents a promising strategy for precisely controlling the electronic configuration and enhancing its intrinsic catalytic activity.Conventional methods for A-site substitution typically involve prolonged high-temperature processes.While these processes promote the development of unique nanostructures with highly exposed active sites,they often result in the uncontrolled configuration of introduced elements.Herein,we present a novel approach for synthesizing two-dimensional(2D)porous GdFeO_(3) perovskite with A-site strontium(Sr)substitution utilizing microwave shock method.This technique enables precise control of the Sr content and simultaneous construction of 2D porous structures in one step,capitalizing on the advantages of rapid heating and cooling(temperature~1100 K,rate~70 K s^(-1)).The active sites of this oxygen-rich defect structure can be clearly revealed through the simulation of the electronic configuration and the comprehensive analysis of the crystal structure.For electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction application,the synthesized 2D porous Gd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3) electrocatalyst exhibits an exceptional overpotential of 294 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)and a small Tafel slope of 55.85 mV dec^(-1)in alkaline electrolytes.This study offers a fresh perspective on designing crystal configurations and the construction of nanostructures in perovskite.
文摘目的:探讨布托啡诺与罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对妇科肿瘤腹腔镜手术患者的止痛效果及加速康复的影响。方法:选取60例拟行腹腔镜手术妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象,按照TAPB注入的麻醉药物不同分为对照组和研究组,每组各30例。对照组每侧注入0.375%盐酸罗哌卡因注射液20 mL+0.9%氯化钠溶液1 mL;研究组每侧注入0.375%盐酸罗哌卡因注射液20 mL+0.1%酒石酸布托啡诺注射液1 mL。比较两组患者术中不同时刻心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP)水平,术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量,术后不同时刻视觉模拟评分(VAS),血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10含量,身体康复相关指标及药物不良反应发生率。结果:研究组切皮后5 min HR、MAP水平、术中瑞芬太尼用量及术后6、12、24 h VAS评分及术后24 h血清IL-6含量均低于对照组(P<0.05);排气时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h IL-10含量、QoR-40评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:布托啡诺与罗哌卡因TAPB有利于维持妇科肿瘤腹腔镜手术患者术中血流动力学稳定,降低术中瑞芬太尼用量,提高止痛效果,加速术后康复进程,降低不良反应发生率,具有较高的安全性。
文摘析氧反应(OER)被认为是电解水的关键限制步骤,已被广泛作为清洁能源方式用于解决能源和环境问题。钙钛矿氧化物(ABO_(3))具有可调的电子结构、高灵活性的元素组成,能在OER中表现出良好的催化活性。然而,钙钛矿氧化物的合成通常需要经历长时间的高温,极易导致金属的聚集和影响材料的本征活性。气相微波技术可以显著缩短热处理时间,从而减少相关的碳排放。这项技术不仅解决了对碳中性过程日益增长的需求,而且还增加了对合成的控制,以避免产品的不良团聚。本文采用微波热冲法快速制备了二维(2D)多孔La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)钙钛矿。伴随微波过程的快速熵增可以有效地暴露La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)结构中丰富的活性位点。此外,高能微波冲击过程可以精准地将Sr2+引入到LaCoO_(3)的晶格中,通过增加Co的氧化态来增加氧空位量。这种锶元素取代镧引入的氧空位能极大提高催化剂的本征催化活性。对于碱性电解液中的OER应用,制备的La_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)CoO_(3)在10 m A·cm^(-2)下展现出了360 m V的过电位,Tafel斜率为76.6 mV·dec^(-1)。且在经历30000秒的长时间循环测试后仍能维持初始电流密度的97%。这项研究为高活性二维钙钛矿的合成提供了一种简便、快速的策略。
文摘放疗诱发肉瘤(radiation induced sarcoma,RIS)是放射治疗后一种少见而严重的并发症,在全身多个部位的原发肿瘤放疗后均有报道,其恶性程度高,预后差,在临床诊断及治疗上均有极大难度。本文报告1例舌鳞状细胞癌放疗后诱发下颌骨骨肉瘤,同时伴发舌、口底第二原发癌的患者,并结合国内外文献,对头颈部放疗诱发肉瘤(radiationinduced sarcoma of head and neck,RISHN)的发病因素、诊断标准、临床特点、治疗及预后进行讨论。
