Introduction.The last two decades have witnessed a surge of interest in the concept of teacher noticing within mathematics education research,positioning it as a cornerstone for understanding and advancing teaching qu...Introduction.The last two decades have witnessed a surge of interest in the concept of teacher noticing within mathematics education research,positioning it as a cornerstone for understanding and advancing teaching quality(Dindyal et al.,2021;Jacobs et al.,2010;Mason,2002;van Es&Sherin,2002).Recent large-scale reviews(Konig et al.,2022;Wei et al.,2023;Weyers et al.,2024)confirm that teacher noticing is now recognized as a fundamental professional competency,essential for responsive and effective mathematics instruction across the globe.展开更多
Purpose:This study aims to investigate the noticing ability of Chinese in-service mathematics tea-chers(ISTs)when observing exemplary mathematics lessons online using two different noticing frameworks.Design/Approach/...Purpose:This study aims to investigate the noticing ability of Chinese in-service mathematics tea-chers(ISTs)when observing exemplary mathematics lessons online using two different noticing frameworks.Design/Approach/Methods:The noticing of 24 ISTs was examined based on three dimensions:agent,topic,and stance.The data were collected qualitatively through guided questions during the video observation activity,and their noticing levels were analyzed using existing frameworks.Findings:Utilizing the Focused Framework,Chinese ISTs exhibited a greater breadth and depth of noticing,in relation to both students'mathematical thinking and teaching pedagogies.Their noticing abilities surpassed those utilizing an Open Framework,with enhanced sensitivity in adapting their teaching strategies to better address students'mathematical reasoning,The study also revealed limitations in the current practices of classroom observation and teacher reflections.OriginalitylValue:This study provides valuable insights into the noticing abilities of Chinese inservice teachers and the effectiveness of various noticing frameworks in enhancing their skills.It highlights the importance of further research on teacher noticing within Eastern contexts.The findings have significant implications for teachers'professional development,advocating for the integration of noticing frameworks into teacher education programs to improve teachers'abilities to discern critical elements of students'mathematical thinking and pedagogical practices.展开更多
The ability to capture the chemical signatures of biomolecules(i.e.,electron-transfer dynamics)in living cells will provide an entirely new perspective on biology and medicine.This can be accomplished using nanoscale ...The ability to capture the chemical signatures of biomolecules(i.e.,electron-transfer dynamics)in living cells will provide an entirely new perspective on biology and medicine.This can be accomplished using nanoscale optical antennas that can collect,resonate and focus light from outside the cell and emit molecular spectra.Here,we describe biologically inspired nanoscale optical antennas that utilize the unique topologies of plant viruses(and thus,are called gold plant viruses)for molecular fingerprint detection.Our electromagnetic calculations for these gold viruses indicate that capsid morphologies permit high amplification of optical scattering energy compared to a smooth nanosphere.From experimental measurements of various gold viruses based on four different plant viruses,we observe highly enhanced optical cross-sections and the modulation of the resonance wavelength depending on the viral morphology.Additionally,in label-free molecular imaging,we successfully obtain higher sensitivity(by a factor of up to 10^(6))than can be achieved using similar-sized nanospheres.By virtue of the inherent functionalities of capsids and the plasmonic characteristics of the gold layer,a gold virus-based antenna will enable cellular targeting,imaging and drug delivery.展开更多
Background:We examined the comparative associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)definitions with risk of developing chronic kidney...Background:We examined the comparative associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)definitions with risk of developing chronic kidney disease(CKD)and abnormal albuminuria.Methods:We conducted a cohort study of 214,145 Korean adults with normal kidney function at baseline who underwent liver ultrasonography.Participants were further subdivided into no steatotic liver disease(no-SLD),NAFLD-only,MASLD-only,both NAFLD and MASLD,and SLD not categorized as NAFLD or MASLD groups.Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the risk of incident CKD and albuminuria.Results:Compared with either the no-NAFLD or no-MASLD groups,the NAFLD and MASLD groups were associated with a higher risk of incident CKD(NAFLD:adjusted hazard ratio(HR),1.18[95%CI,1.01-1.38];MASLD:adjusted HR,1.21[95%CI,1.04-1.39]).Among the five subgroups,both NAFLD and MASLD group had the strongest association with risk of incident CKD(adjusted HR,1.21[95%CI,1.04-1.42]).The MASLD-only group had the strongest association with incident abnormal albuminuria,with an adjusted HR comparable to that of the both NAFLD and MASLD group(adjusted HR 1.96[95%CI,1.44-2.67]for the MASLD-only,and adjusted HR 1.98[95%CI,1.58-2.49]for the both NAFLD and MASLD group versus the no-SLD group).The NAFLD-only group was not independently associated with risk of CKD or abnormal albuminuria.Conclusions:These findings suggest that MASLD definition identifies individuals at high risk of developing incident CKD or abnormal albuminuria better than NAFLD definition.展开更多
基金supported by the Dean's Research Fund from The Education University of Hong Kong(Ref.:FLASS/ICRS-0401W,R4439).
文摘Introduction.The last two decades have witnessed a surge of interest in the concept of teacher noticing within mathematics education research,positioning it as a cornerstone for understanding and advancing teaching quality(Dindyal et al.,2021;Jacobs et al.,2010;Mason,2002;van Es&Sherin,2002).Recent large-scale reviews(Konig et al.,2022;Wei et al.,2023;Weyers et al.,2024)confirm that teacher noticing is now recognized as a fundamental professional competency,essential for responsive and effective mathematics instruction across the globe.
基金supported by the Seed Fund of the Education University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR(Project No.R4248:RG43/21-22R)partially supported by Departmental Research Grant(Project No.04786)The work was also partially supported by the Guangdong Province General Universities Young Innovative Talents Category Project(Ref.2023 WQNCX076).
文摘Purpose:This study aims to investigate the noticing ability of Chinese in-service mathematics tea-chers(ISTs)when observing exemplary mathematics lessons online using two different noticing frameworks.Design/Approach/Methods:The noticing of 24 ISTs was examined based on three dimensions:agent,topic,and stance.The data were collected qualitatively through guided questions during the video observation activity,and their noticing levels were analyzed using existing frameworks.Findings:Utilizing the Focused Framework,Chinese ISTs exhibited a greater breadth and depth of noticing,in relation to both students'mathematical thinking and teaching pedagogies.Their noticing abilities surpassed those utilizing an Open Framework,with enhanced sensitivity in adapting their teaching strategies to better address students'mathematical reasoning,The study also revealed limitations in the current practices of classroom observation and teacher reflections.OriginalitylValue:This study provides valuable insights into the noticing abilities of Chinese inservice teachers and the effectiveness of various noticing frameworks in enhancing their skills.It highlights the importance of further research on teacher noticing within Eastern contexts.The findings have significant implications for teachers'professional development,advocating for the integration of noticing frameworks into teacher education programs to improve teachers'abilities to discern critical elements of students'mathematical thinking and pedagogical practices.
基金This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grants AFOSR FA2386-13-1-4120.
文摘The ability to capture the chemical signatures of biomolecules(i.e.,electron-transfer dynamics)in living cells will provide an entirely new perspective on biology and medicine.This can be accomplished using nanoscale optical antennas that can collect,resonate and focus light from outside the cell and emit molecular spectra.Here,we describe biologically inspired nanoscale optical antennas that utilize the unique topologies of plant viruses(and thus,are called gold plant viruses)for molecular fingerprint detection.Our electromagnetic calculations for these gold viruses indicate that capsid morphologies permit high amplification of optical scattering energy compared to a smooth nanosphere.From experimental measurements of various gold viruses based on four different plant viruses,we observe highly enhanced optical cross-sections and the modulation of the resonance wavelength depending on the viral morphology.Additionally,in label-free molecular imaging,we successfully obtain higher sensitivity(by a factor of up to 10^(6))than can be achieved using similar-sized nanospheres.By virtue of the inherent functionalities of capsids and the plasmonic characteristics of the gold layer,a gold virus-based antenna will enable cellular targeting,imaging and drug delivery.
文摘Background:We examined the comparative associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)definitions with risk of developing chronic kidney disease(CKD)and abnormal albuminuria.Methods:We conducted a cohort study of 214,145 Korean adults with normal kidney function at baseline who underwent liver ultrasonography.Participants were further subdivided into no steatotic liver disease(no-SLD),NAFLD-only,MASLD-only,both NAFLD and MASLD,and SLD not categorized as NAFLD or MASLD groups.Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the risk of incident CKD and albuminuria.Results:Compared with either the no-NAFLD or no-MASLD groups,the NAFLD and MASLD groups were associated with a higher risk of incident CKD(NAFLD:adjusted hazard ratio(HR),1.18[95%CI,1.01-1.38];MASLD:adjusted HR,1.21[95%CI,1.04-1.39]).Among the five subgroups,both NAFLD and MASLD group had the strongest association with risk of incident CKD(adjusted HR,1.21[95%CI,1.04-1.42]).The MASLD-only group had the strongest association with incident abnormal albuminuria,with an adjusted HR comparable to that of the both NAFLD and MASLD group(adjusted HR 1.96[95%CI,1.44-2.67]for the MASLD-only,and adjusted HR 1.98[95%CI,1.58-2.49]for the both NAFLD and MASLD group versus the no-SLD group).The NAFLD-only group was not independently associated with risk of CKD or abnormal albuminuria.Conclusions:These findings suggest that MASLD definition identifies individuals at high risk of developing incident CKD or abnormal albuminuria better than NAFLD definition.
