The growing demand for high-efficiency and low-loss energy conversion and transportation techniques urges the development of advanced Fe-Si based soft magnet alloys.Simultaneous achievement of low coercivity(Hc)and la...The growing demand for high-efficiency and low-loss energy conversion and transportation techniques urges the development of advanced Fe-Si based soft magnet alloys.Simultaneous achievement of low coercivity(Hc)and large saturation magnetization(Ms)however,remains challenging.In this study,soft magnetic alloys with the composition Fe82-xSi18Cox(x=0 at.%,4 at.%,8 at.%,12 at.%,16 at.%,and 20 at.%)have been designed followed by microstructural tuning.The Co incorporation results in initially decreased Hc followed by increment due to reduced magnetocrystalline anisotropy and increased saturation mag-netostriction from negative to positive values of the alloys.Meanwhile,the Ms raises with subsequent reduction,which origins from competitive mechanisms of increased average moment of Fe atoms and decreased average moment of Co atoms according to first principles calculations.Microstructural evolu-tion during annealing of the Fe70Si18C012 with synergistically optimized Hc and Ms has been revealed that after elevated-temperature annealing,the DO3 phase is predominately transformed from the B2 phase ac-companied by an increase in the degree of ordering.The growth of the DO3 phase deteriorates the Hc due to the aggravating pinning effect on the domain wall movement,which arises from the inhomogeneous magnetization distribution caused by increasing antiphase boundaries.展开更多
Since the mid-20th century,the Mongolian Plateau(MP)has experienced decadal droughts coupled with extreme heatwaves,severely affecting regional ecology and social development.However,the mechanisms behind these decada...Since the mid-20th century,the Mongolian Plateau(MP)has experienced decadal droughts coupled with extreme heatwaves,severely affecting regional ecology and social development.However,the mechanisms behind these decadalscale compound heatwavedrought events remain debated.Here,using reconstructions and simulations from the Community Earth System Model Last Millennium Ensemble,we demonstrate that,over the last millennium,decadal droughts on the MP occurred under both warm and cold conditions,differing from recent compound heatwavedrought events.We found that by examining temperature changes during these drought periods,the distinct influences of external forcings and internal variability can be simply and effectively distinguished.Specifically,colddry events were primarily driven by volcanic eruptions that weakened the East Asian summer monsoon and midlatitude westerlies,reducing moisture transport to the MP.In contrast,warmdry events were predominantly induced by internal variability,notably the negative phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the expansion of the Barents Sea ice extent.The recent extreme compound event was probably influenced by the combined effects of anthropogenic forcings and internal variability.These findings deepen our understanding of how external forcings and internal variability affect decadal drought events on the MP and highlight that recent compound events are unprecedented in the context of the last millennium.展开更多
对美国国家生物技术信息中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information,NCBI)-基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中人单核细胞源巨噬细胞的基因组芯片进行生物信息学分析,寻找巨噬细胞极化参与糖尿病肾病(diabeti...对美国国家生物技术信息中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information,NCBI)-基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中人单核细胞源巨噬细胞的基因组芯片进行生物信息学分析,寻找巨噬细胞极化参与糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)肾纤维化的关键基因,预测潜在的上游miRNA,探索疾病治疗的新靶点。从GEO数据库中采集人单核细胞源巨噬细胞的基因组表达数据,使用在线工具GEO2R下载数据并筛选差异表达基因,通过WebGestalt数据库对差异表达基因进行GO和KEGG分析,通过STRING v11.0数据库构建差异表达基因的蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络,并应用Cytoscape v3.7.2软件进行可视化分析;采用cytoHubba插件分析PPI网络的关联程度并筛选关键表达基因。研究通过在线工具GEO2R筛选出289个表达上调的差异基因,GO分析发现M2型巨噬细胞上调表达的差异基因多在细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)形成、细胞通讯调节、抗原加工提呈、免疫反应以及炎症反应等生物学过程中富集;在ECM、细胞膜、内膜系统和溶酶体等细胞及相关组分中富集;在抗原结合、蛋白质活性和分子功能调节等分子功能中富集;KEGG分析发现差异表达基因在瞬时受体电位(transient receptor potential,TRP)通道的炎性介质调节和Ras相关蛋白1(Ras-related protein 1,Rap1)等信号通路中富集。整合素αM(integrinαM,ITGAM)、CD1A、CD1E、FCGR2B、ITGAE、CD1C、CD1B、SDC1、MRC1、CD209、CR1、CDH1、MYC、FN1、PPARG、FOS、PIK3R1、CAT、P2RY1、CYSLTR1、GNAQ、PLCB1、NMB、LPL和ABCG2等是关键基因。对筛选出的关键基因ITGAM上游的miRNA进行预测,结果表明,hsa-miR-23b-3p、hsa-miR-125a-5p、hsa-miR-761和hsa-miR-4319等可调控ITGAM的表达。miR-23b可能通过靶向作用于巨噬细胞中的ITGAM调控其向M2型巨噬细胞极化,参与DN炎症和纤维化过程的调节。展开更多
The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter per...The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter persistent dendrite growth and parasitic reactions,driven by the inhomogeneous charge distribution and water-dominated environment within the EDL.Compounding this,classical EDL theory,rooted in meanfield approximations,further fails to resolve molecular-scale interfacial dynamics under battery-operating conditions,limiting mechanistic insights.Herein,we established a multiscale theoretical calculation framework from single molecular characteristics to interfacial ion distribution,revealing the EDL’s structure and interactions between different ions and molecules,which helps us understand the parasitic processes in depth.Simulations demonstrate that water dipole and sulfate ion adsorption at the inner Helmholtz plane drives severe hydrogen evolution and by-product formation.Guided by these insights,we engineered a“water-poor and anion-expelled”EDL using 4,1’,6’-trichlorogalactosucrose(TGS)as an electrolyte additive.As a result,Zn||Zn symmetric cells with TGS exhibited stable cycling for over 4700 h under a current density of 1 mA cm^(−2),while NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O-based full cells kept 90.4%of the initial specific capacity after 800 cycles at 5 A g^(−1).This work highlights the power of multiscale theoretical frameworks to unravel EDL complexities and guide high-performance ARZB design through integrated theory-experiment approaches.展开更多
In order to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of LiBH4,activated charcoal (AC) was used as the scaffold to confine LiBH4 in this paper.Ball milling was used to prepare LiBH4/AC composites.Experimental results sh...In order to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of LiBH4,activated charcoal (AC) was used as the scaffold to confine LiBH4 in this paper.Ball milling was used to prepare LiBH4/AC composites.Experimental results show that dehydrogenation properties of ball-milled LiBH4/AC (LiBH4/AC-BM) are greatly improved compared with that of pristine LiBH4,ball-milled LiBH4 (LiBH4-BM) and hand-milled LiBH4/AC (LiBH4/AC-HM).The onset dehydrogenation temperature of LiBH4 for LiBH4/AC-BM is around 160 ℃,which is 170 ℃ lower than that of pristine LiBH4.At around 400 ℃,LiBH4/AC-BM finishes the dehydrogenation with a hydrogen capacity of 13.6 wt%,which is approximately the theoretical dehydrogenation capacity of pure LiBH4 (13.8 wt%),while the dehydrogenation processes for LiBH4-BM and LiBH4/AC-BM do not finish even when they were heated to 600 ℃.The isothermal dehydriding measurements show that it takes only 15 min for LiBH4/AC-BM to reach a dehydrogenation capacity of 10.1 wt% at 350 ℃,whereas the pristine LiBH4 and the LiBH4/AC-HM release hydrogen less than 1 wt% under the same conditions.The dehydrogenation process and the effect of AC were discussed.展开更多
While the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application,the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further devel...While the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application,the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further development dramatically.Herein,we utilize the amino acid glycine(Gly)as an electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode–electrolyte interface.The unique interfacial chemistry is facilitated by the synergistic“anchor-capture”effect of polar groups in Gly molecule,manifested by simultaneously coupling the amino to anchor on the surface of Zn anode and the carboxyl to capture Zn^(2+)in the local region.As such,this robust anode–electrolyte interface inhibits the disordered migration of Zn^(2+),and effectively suppresses both side reactions and dendrite growth.The reversibility of Zn anode achieves a significant improvement with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.22%at 1 mA cm^(−2)and 0.5 mAh cm^(−2)over 500 cycles.Even at a high Zn utilization rate(depth of discharge,DODZn)of 68%,a steady cycle life up to 200 h is obtained for ultrathin Zn foils(20μm).The superior rate capability and long-term cycle stability of Zn–MnO_(2)full cells further prove the effectiveness of Gly in stabilizing Zn anode.This work sheds light on additive designing from the specific roles of polar groups for AZIBs.展开更多
Finding energetic materials with tailored properties is always a significant challenge due to low research efficiency in trial and error.Herein,a methodology combining domain knowledge,a machine learning algorithm,and...Finding energetic materials with tailored properties is always a significant challenge due to low research efficiency in trial and error.Herein,a methodology combining domain knowledge,a machine learning algorithm,and experiments is presented for accelerating the discovery of novel energetic materials.A high-throughput virtual screening(HTVS)system integrating on-demand molecular generation and machine learning models covering the prediction of molecular properties and crystal packing mode scoring is established.With the proposed HTVS system,candidate molecules with promising properties and a desirable crystal packing mode are rapidly targeted from the generated molecular space containing 25112 molecules.Furthermore,a study of the crystal structure and properties shows that the good comprehensive performances of the target molecule are in agreement with the predicted results,thus verifying the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.This work demonstrates a new research paradigm for discovering novel energetic materials and can be extended to other organic materials without manifest obstacles.展开更多
Considerable microwave absorption performance at elevated temperatures is highly demanded in both civil and military fields.Single dielectric or magnetic absorbers are difficult to attain efficient and broadband micro...Considerable microwave absorption performance at elevated temperatures is highly demanded in both civil and military fields.Single dielectric or magnetic absorbers are difficult to attain efficient and broadband microwave absorption at the high temperature range of 373 K-573 K,and the evolution mechanism of the microwave absorption is still unclear especially for the magnetic absorbers.Herein,ZnO coated flaky-FeCo composite is proposed to break through the bottleneck,which possesses microwave absorption(RL<-10 dB)that covering the whole X band(8.2 GHz-12.4 GHz)at the temperature range of 298 K-573 K with a thickness of only~2 mm.Moreover,attenuation mechanism and evolution of the microwave absorption properties for the FeCo@ZnO flaky material at elevated temperature has been clearly disclosed by the composition and microstructure characterizations,electromagnetic performance measurements and first principles calculations for the first time.Moreover,the Poynting vector,volume loss density,magnetic field(H)and electric field(E)are simulated by HFSS to understand the interaction between EM waves and the samples at different temperatures,further elaborating the attenuation mechanism in high-temperature environment.This study provides guidance in designing and developing high-temperature microwave absorbers for the next generation.展开更多
Annealing has been widely recognized as a crucial approach to modify the microstructure and enhance the coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnets. However, in the context of Nd–Y–Ce–Fe–B magnets with multiple rare earths(RE...Annealing has been widely recognized as a crucial approach to modify the microstructure and enhance the coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnets. However, in the context of Nd–Y–Ce–Fe–B magnets with multiple rare earths(REs) exhibiting different diffusion behaviors, annealing effects on the magnetic properties become more complicated and remain unknown.展开更多
A novel third-generation hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） biosensor（Hb/CdS/MWNTs/GCE） was fabricated through hemoglobin（Hb） adsorbed onto the mercaptoacetic acid modified CdS QDs/carboxyl multiwall carbon nanotubes＇（MW...A novel third-generation hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） biosensor（Hb/CdS/MWNTs/GCE） was fabricated through hemoglobin（Hb） adsorbed onto the mercaptoacetic acid modified CdS QDs/carboxyl multiwall carbon nanotubes＇（MWNTs） films. Cyclic voltammogram of Hb/CdS/MWNTs/GCE showed a pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential（E^0） of-0.230 V（vs. Ag/AgCl） in 0.1 mol/L pH=8.0 phosphate buffer solution（PBS）, which was the characteristic of the Hb heme Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ） redox couple. The biosensor shows an excellent electrocatalytic activity to the reduction of H2O2. The response time of the designed biosensor to H202 at a potential of-0.30 V was less than 2 s and linear relationships were obtained in the concentration ranges of 2.0×10^-6-2.7×10^-3 mol/L and 2.7×10^-3-7.7×10^-3 mol/L with a detection limit of 3.0×10^-7 mol/L（S/N=3）. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant Km was estimated to be 1.324 mmol/L that illustrated the excellent biological activity of the fixed Hb.展开更多
RE_(2)Fe_(14)B-based(RE,rare earth)permanent magnets containing abundant and cheap La/Ce have attracted intense attention recently.In comparison with Ce that can fully replace Nd in the 2:14:1 lattice,La substitution ...RE_(2)Fe_(14)B-based(RE,rare earth)permanent magnets containing abundant and cheap La/Ce have attracted intense attention recently.In comparison with Ce that can fully replace Nd in the 2:14:1 lattice,La substitution for Nd has long been limited at a low level.Here we present that through doping La35 Ce65 alloy with the La/Ce ratio in natural mineral,stable 2:14:1 phase can be maintained at 1273 K within the entire substitution range of[(La_(35)Ce_(65))、(Pr_(20)Nd_(80))_(1-x)]_(2.14)Fe_(14)B(0.6≤x≤1.0,at.%),as verified by composition analysis,microstructural characterization and magnetic measurements.Interestingly,the promoted La solution in 2:14:1 phase induces two unique findings upon coexisting La-Ce-Pr-Nd:i)Compared to Ce that fits well with the nominal concentration,La deviates noticeably from the nominal one;ii)Nanoscale spinodal-decomposition-like phase separation is observed due to different solubilities of La-Ce-Pr-Nd elements in 2:14:1 phase.Above joint effects induce higher Curie temperature than estimation based on the rule of mixture,which delights the prospect of La_(35)Ce_(65)alloy in developing low-cost permanent materials.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)is one of the top five dangerous foodborne pathogens which widely exists in most raw food and has approximately 30%mortality rate in high-risk groups.Food safety caused by foodbo...Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)is one of the top five dangerous foodborne pathogens which widely exists in most raw food and has approximately 30%mortality rate in high-risk groups.Food safety caused by foodborne pathogens is still a major problem faced by humans in all world.The conventional analytical methods currently used involve complex bacteriological tests and usually take several days for incubation and analysis.Thus,in order to prevent the spread of disease,the development of a detection method with high speed,high accuracy and sensitivity is urgent and necessary.Herein,we developed an approach for the identification and magnetic capture of L.monocytogenes by using core@shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica nanoparticles terminated with hydroxyl or amine groups.Our results show that both amine-and hydroxyl-terminated Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica core@shell nanoparticles functionalized with specific antibodies,present 95.2%±6.2%and 98.6%±0.3%capture efficacies,respectively.However,without conjugating the specific antibodies,the hydroxyl-terminated Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica nanoparticles exhibit 17.6%±1.6%efficacy,while the amine-terminated one remains 93.2%±9.2%capture efficiency ascribed to the high affinity.This study quantitatively uncovers the specific and non-specific recognitions relevant to the molecular-scale physiochemical interactions between the microorganisms and the functionalized particles,and the results from this work can be generalized and extended to other bacterial species by changing antibodies,also have important implications in developing advanced analytic methods.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Learning and memory impairment is one of the common sequelae of stroke patients,which is called"post-stroke dementia"and seriously affects the quality of life of the patients.For post-stroke dement...OBJECTIVE Learning and memory impairment is one of the common sequelae of stroke patients,which is called"post-stroke dementia"and seriously affects the quality of life of the patients.For post-stroke dementia,there is still no effective clinical treatment.In the present study,we aim to investigate the effect of the active ingredient of Ferula sinkiangensis,AW09,on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice.METHODS The bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(BCCAO)reperfusion model was used to investigate the protective effect of AW09 on cognitive dysfunction in mice with global cerebral ischemia reperfusion.Y-maze and Morris water maze were used to test the learning and memory ability of mice.RESULTS Y-maze test showed that AW09 treatment significantly increased the spontaneous alternation rate of BCCAO model animals and had no significant effect on the total number of arm entries.The results of Morris water maze showed that AW09 significantly reduced the escape latency of BCCAO mice during the training period.During the probe test phase,AW09 significantly increased the swimming time in target quadrant,distance in target quadrant and number of platform crossings and decreased the swimming time in the quadrant opposite the target quadrant of BCCAO mice.CONCLUSION AW09,the active ingredient of Ferula sinkiangensis,can improve working memory impairment and spatial memory impairment in animals with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,suggesting that AW09 has poten⁃tial therapeutic value for cognitive dysfunction caused by global cerebral ischemia.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3501303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52122106)+3 种基金the"Pioneer"R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2022C01230)"Leading Goose"R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2022C01110)Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(No.2021SZ-FR005)the Space Application System of China Manned Space Program(No.KJZ-YY-NCL03).
文摘The growing demand for high-efficiency and low-loss energy conversion and transportation techniques urges the development of advanced Fe-Si based soft magnet alloys.Simultaneous achievement of low coercivity(Hc)and large saturation magnetization(Ms)however,remains challenging.In this study,soft magnetic alloys with the composition Fe82-xSi18Cox(x=0 at.%,4 at.%,8 at.%,12 at.%,16 at.%,and 20 at.%)have been designed followed by microstructural tuning.The Co incorporation results in initially decreased Hc followed by increment due to reduced magnetocrystalline anisotropy and increased saturation mag-netostriction from negative to positive values of the alloys.Meanwhile,the Ms raises with subsequent reduction,which origins from competitive mechanisms of increased average moment of Fe atoms and decreased average moment of Co atoms according to first principles calculations.Microstructural evolu-tion during annealing of the Fe70Si18C012 with synergistically optimized Hc and Ms has been revealed that after elevated-temperature annealing,the DO3 phase is predominately transformed from the B2 phase ac-companied by an increase in the degree of ordering.The growth of the DO3 phase deteriorates the Hc due to the aggravating pinning effect on the domain wall movement,which arises from the inhomogeneous magnetization distribution caused by increasing antiphase boundaries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130604)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFF0804704)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42105044)Swedish STINT(Grant No.CH2019-8377)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.164320H116)。
文摘Since the mid-20th century,the Mongolian Plateau(MP)has experienced decadal droughts coupled with extreme heatwaves,severely affecting regional ecology and social development.However,the mechanisms behind these decadalscale compound heatwavedrought events remain debated.Here,using reconstructions and simulations from the Community Earth System Model Last Millennium Ensemble,we demonstrate that,over the last millennium,decadal droughts on the MP occurred under both warm and cold conditions,differing from recent compound heatwavedrought events.We found that by examining temperature changes during these drought periods,the distinct influences of external forcings and internal variability can be simply and effectively distinguished.Specifically,colddry events were primarily driven by volcanic eruptions that weakened the East Asian summer monsoon and midlatitude westerlies,reducing moisture transport to the MP.In contrast,warmdry events were predominantly induced by internal variability,notably the negative phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the expansion of the Barents Sea ice extent.The recent extreme compound event was probably influenced by the combined effects of anthropogenic forcings and internal variability.These findings deepen our understanding of how external forcings and internal variability affect decadal drought events on the MP and highlight that recent compound events are unprecedented in the context of the last millennium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471240)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ23B030003)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00075)support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC,UK)RiR grant-RIR18221018-1EU COST CA23155。
文摘The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter persistent dendrite growth and parasitic reactions,driven by the inhomogeneous charge distribution and water-dominated environment within the EDL.Compounding this,classical EDL theory,rooted in meanfield approximations,further fails to resolve molecular-scale interfacial dynamics under battery-operating conditions,limiting mechanistic insights.Herein,we established a multiscale theoretical calculation framework from single molecular characteristics to interfacial ion distribution,revealing the EDL’s structure and interactions between different ions and molecules,which helps us understand the parasitic processes in depth.Simulations demonstrate that water dipole and sulfate ion adsorption at the inner Helmholtz plane drives severe hydrogen evolution and by-product formation.Guided by these insights,we engineered a“water-poor and anion-expelled”EDL using 4,1’,6’-trichlorogalactosucrose(TGS)as an electrolyte additive.As a result,Zn||Zn symmetric cells with TGS exhibited stable cycling for over 4700 h under a current density of 1 mA cm^(−2),while NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O-based full cells kept 90.4%of the initial specific capacity after 800 cycles at 5 A g^(−1).This work highlights the power of multiscale theoretical frameworks to unravel EDL complexities and guide high-performance ARZB design through integrated theory-experiment approaches.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 51471149 and 51171168)the Public Project of Zhejiang Province (No. 2015C31029)
文摘In order to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of LiBH4,activated charcoal (AC) was used as the scaffold to confine LiBH4 in this paper.Ball milling was used to prepare LiBH4/AC composites.Experimental results show that dehydrogenation properties of ball-milled LiBH4/AC (LiBH4/AC-BM) are greatly improved compared with that of pristine LiBH4,ball-milled LiBH4 (LiBH4-BM) and hand-milled LiBH4/AC (LiBH4/AC-HM).The onset dehydrogenation temperature of LiBH4 for LiBH4/AC-BM is around 160 ℃,which is 170 ℃ lower than that of pristine LiBH4.At around 400 ℃,LiBH4/AC-BM finishes the dehydrogenation with a hydrogen capacity of 13.6 wt%,which is approximately the theoretical dehydrogenation capacity of pure LiBH4 (13.8 wt%),while the dehydrogenation processes for LiBH4-BM and LiBH4/AC-BM do not finish even when they were heated to 600 ℃.The isothermal dehydriding measurements show that it takes only 15 min for LiBH4/AC-BM to reach a dehydrogenation capacity of 10.1 wt% at 350 ℃,whereas the pristine LiBH4 and the LiBH4/AC-HM release hydrogen less than 1 wt% under the same conditions.The dehydrogenation process and the effect of AC were discussed.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program(2022YFB2502000)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ23B030003)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021FZZX001-09)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175551).
文摘While the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application,the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further development dramatically.Herein,we utilize the amino acid glycine(Gly)as an electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode–electrolyte interface.The unique interfacial chemistry is facilitated by the synergistic“anchor-capture”effect of polar groups in Gly molecule,manifested by simultaneously coupling the amino to anchor on the surface of Zn anode and the carboxyl to capture Zn^(2+)in the local region.As such,this robust anode–electrolyte interface inhibits the disordered migration of Zn^(2+),and effectively suppresses both side reactions and dendrite growth.The reversibility of Zn anode achieves a significant improvement with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.22%at 1 mA cm^(−2)and 0.5 mAh cm^(−2)over 500 cycles.Even at a high Zn utilization rate(depth of discharge,DODZn)of 68%,a steady cycle life up to 200 h is obtained for ultrathin Zn foils(20μm).The superior rate capability and long-term cycle stability of Zn–MnO_(2)full cells further prove the effectiveness of Gly in stabilizing Zn anode.This work sheds light on additive designing from the specific roles of polar groups for AZIBs.
基金the Science Challenge Project(TZ2018004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875228 and 21702195)for financial support。
文摘Finding energetic materials with tailored properties is always a significant challenge due to low research efficiency in trial and error.Herein,a methodology combining domain knowledge,a machine learning algorithm,and experiments is presented for accelerating the discovery of novel energetic materials.A high-throughput virtual screening(HTVS)system integrating on-demand molecular generation and machine learning models covering the prediction of molecular properties and crystal packing mode scoring is established.With the proposed HTVS system,candidate molecules with promising properties and a desirable crystal packing mode are rapidly targeted from the generated molecular space containing 25112 molecules.Furthermore,a study of the crystal structure and properties shows that the good comprehensive performances of the target molecule are in agreement with the predicted results,thus verifying the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.This work demonstrates a new research paradigm for discovering novel energetic materials and can be extended to other organic materials without manifest obstacles.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3502500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51802155 and 51801103)+5 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20180443)the"Shuangchuang Doctor"Foundation of Jiangsu Provincethe Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2018ZF52078)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M671478)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.NT2021023)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Considerable microwave absorption performance at elevated temperatures is highly demanded in both civil and military fields.Single dielectric or magnetic absorbers are difficult to attain efficient and broadband microwave absorption at the high temperature range of 373 K-573 K,and the evolution mechanism of the microwave absorption is still unclear especially for the magnetic absorbers.Herein,ZnO coated flaky-FeCo composite is proposed to break through the bottleneck,which possesses microwave absorption(RL<-10 dB)that covering the whole X band(8.2 GHz-12.4 GHz)at the temperature range of 298 K-573 K with a thickness of only~2 mm.Moreover,attenuation mechanism and evolution of the microwave absorption properties for the FeCo@ZnO flaky material at elevated temperature has been clearly disclosed by the composition and microstructure characterizations,electromagnetic performance measurements and first principles calculations for the first time.Moreover,the Poynting vector,volume loss density,magnetic field(H)and electric field(E)are simulated by HFSS to understand the interaction between EM waves and the samples at different temperatures,further elaborating the attenuation mechanism in high-temperature environment.This study provides guidance in designing and developing high-temperature microwave absorbers for the next generation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51801181)Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project (No. LGG20E010007)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LQ19E010005)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (Nos. 2021C01192 and 2021C01023)the State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization (No. 2020Z2122)。
文摘Annealing has been widely recognized as a crucial approach to modify the microstructure and enhance the coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnets. However, in the context of Nd–Y–Ce–Fe–B magnets with multiple rare earths(REs) exhibiting different diffusion behaviors, annealing effects on the magnetic properties become more complicated and remain unknown.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(Nos.0639025 and 0991084)the Support Program for 100 Young and Middle-aged Disciplinary Leaders in Higher Education Institutions of Guangxi Province,China(No. RC20060703005)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Forest Chemicals of Guangxi Province,China (No.GXFC08-06)the Education Department of Guangxi Province,China(No.200807MS074)the Innovation Project of Guangxi University fot Nationalities,China(No.gxun-chx2009081)
文摘A novel third-generation hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） biosensor（Hb/CdS/MWNTs/GCE） was fabricated through hemoglobin（Hb） adsorbed onto the mercaptoacetic acid modified CdS QDs/carboxyl multiwall carbon nanotubes＇（MWNTs） films. Cyclic voltammogram of Hb/CdS/MWNTs/GCE showed a pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential（E^0） of-0.230 V（vs. Ag/AgCl） in 0.1 mol/L pH=8.0 phosphate buffer solution（PBS）, which was the characteristic of the Hb heme Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ） redox couple. The biosensor shows an excellent electrocatalytic activity to the reduction of H2O2. The response time of the designed biosensor to H202 at a potential of-0.30 V was less than 2 s and linear relationships were obtained in the concentration ranges of 2.0×10^-6-2.7×10^-3 mol/L and 2.7×10^-3-7.7×10^-3 mol/L with a detection limit of 3.0×10^-7 mol/L（S/N=3）. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant Km was estimated to be 1.324 mmol/L that illustrated the excellent biological activity of the fixed Hb.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0700902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51801181 and 51590881)+3 种基金the Public Technology Application Research Projects of Zhejiang Province(LGG20E010007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019QNA4011)the funds of State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches andComprehensiveUtilization(2020Z2122)State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NPU(SKLSP202003)。
文摘RE_(2)Fe_(14)B-based(RE,rare earth)permanent magnets containing abundant and cheap La/Ce have attracted intense attention recently.In comparison with Ce that can fully replace Nd in the 2:14:1 lattice,La substitution for Nd has long been limited at a low level.Here we present that through doping La35 Ce65 alloy with the La/Ce ratio in natural mineral,stable 2:14:1 phase can be maintained at 1273 K within the entire substitution range of[(La_(35)Ce_(65))、(Pr_(20)Nd_(80))_(1-x)]_(2.14)Fe_(14)B(0.6≤x≤1.0,at.%),as verified by composition analysis,microstructural characterization and magnetic measurements.Interestingly,the promoted La solution in 2:14:1 phase induces two unique findings upon coexisting La-Ce-Pr-Nd:i)Compared to Ce that fits well with the nominal concentration,La deviates noticeably from the nominal one;ii)Nanoscale spinodal-decomposition-like phase separation is observed due to different solubilities of La-Ce-Pr-Nd elements in 2:14:1 phase.Above joint effects induce higher Curie temperature than estimation based on the rule of mixture,which delights the prospect of La_(35)Ce_(65)alloy in developing low-cost permanent materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1704253 and U1908220)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N180206001)+1 种基金the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1807177)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LR18E010001)。
文摘Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)is one of the top five dangerous foodborne pathogens which widely exists in most raw food and has approximately 30%mortality rate in high-risk groups.Food safety caused by foodborne pathogens is still a major problem faced by humans in all world.The conventional analytical methods currently used involve complex bacteriological tests and usually take several days for incubation and analysis.Thus,in order to prevent the spread of disease,the development of a detection method with high speed,high accuracy and sensitivity is urgent and necessary.Herein,we developed an approach for the identification and magnetic capture of L.monocytogenes by using core@shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica nanoparticles terminated with hydroxyl or amine groups.Our results show that both amine-and hydroxyl-terminated Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica core@shell nanoparticles functionalized with specific antibodies,present 95.2%±6.2%and 98.6%±0.3%capture efficacies,respectively.However,without conjugating the specific antibodies,the hydroxyl-terminated Fe_(3)O_(4)@silica nanoparticles exhibit 17.6%±1.6%efficacy,while the amine-terminated one remains 93.2%±9.2%capture efficiency ascribed to the high affinity.This study quantitatively uncovers the specific and non-specific recognitions relevant to the molecular-scale physiochemical interactions between the microorganisms and the functionalized particles,and the results from this work can be generalized and extended to other bacterial species by changing antibodies,also have important implications in developing advanced analytic methods.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U160312581473330+5 种基金8187276881673323)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(N182008004N182006001)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807118)Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program(2018)
文摘OBJECTIVE Learning and memory impairment is one of the common sequelae of stroke patients,which is called"post-stroke dementia"and seriously affects the quality of life of the patients.For post-stroke dementia,there is still no effective clinical treatment.In the present study,we aim to investigate the effect of the active ingredient of Ferula sinkiangensis,AW09,on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice.METHODS The bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(BCCAO)reperfusion model was used to investigate the protective effect of AW09 on cognitive dysfunction in mice with global cerebral ischemia reperfusion.Y-maze and Morris water maze were used to test the learning and memory ability of mice.RESULTS Y-maze test showed that AW09 treatment significantly increased the spontaneous alternation rate of BCCAO model animals and had no significant effect on the total number of arm entries.The results of Morris water maze showed that AW09 significantly reduced the escape latency of BCCAO mice during the training period.During the probe test phase,AW09 significantly increased the swimming time in target quadrant,distance in target quadrant and number of platform crossings and decreased the swimming time in the quadrant opposite the target quadrant of BCCAO mice.CONCLUSION AW09,the active ingredient of Ferula sinkiangensis,can improve working memory impairment and spatial memory impairment in animals with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,suggesting that AW09 has poten⁃tial therapeutic value for cognitive dysfunction caused by global cerebral ischemia.
