Background and Aims:Gut dysbiosis has been reported in severe liver diseases.However,information on the impact of hepatitis E virus infection on the gut microbiota,and the association between enteric microbiota distur...Background and Aims:Gut dysbiosis has been reported in severe liver diseases.However,information on the impact of hepatitis E virus infection on the gut microbiota,and the association between enteric microbiota disturbances and acute hepatitis E(AHE),is limited,particularly in elderly patients with AHE(AHE-elderly).Our objective was to characterize the AHE-specific microbiome in elderly patients and evaluate its association with clinical outcomes.Methods:Fecal samples and clinical data were collected from 58 AHE-elderly patients(46 self-healing cases,12 non-self-healing cases)and 30 elderly patients with healthy controls(hereinafter referred to as HCs-elderly).Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Bioinformatic analyses,including alpha diversity and STAMP,were performed.The predictive potential of Bacteroides fragilis was assessed using statistical analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves.Results:Alpha diversity indices showed no significant differences in microbial diversity between the AHE-elderly and HCs-elderly groups,nor between self-healing and non-selfhealing groups among AHE-elderly patients.Nevertheless,a trend toward altered species richness was observed.In the AHE-elderly group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Lactobacillales,and Bacilli increased significantly.Meanwhile,compared with the self-healing group,Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the non-self-healing group.At the species level,Bacteroides fragilis was the most abundant in the non-self-healing group,significantly contributing to the divergence in gut microbiota between the two groups.Conclusions:The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes significantly distinguished AHE-elderly patients from healthy controls and could more accurately predict recovery outcomes in elderly AHE patients.These findings suggest new strategies for preventing and managing AHE recurrence in the elderly patients.展开更多
Crapemyrtle bark scale(CMBS;Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae),an invasive sap-sucking hemipteran,has spread across 16 US states.Infestation of CMBS negatively impacts the flowering and reduces the aesthetic quality of cra...Crapemyrtle bark scale(CMBS;Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae),an invasive sap-sucking hemipteran,has spread across 16 US states.Infestation of CMBS negatively impacts the flowering and reduces the aesthetic quality of crapemyrtles.The widespread use of soil-applied neonicotinoid insecticides to suppress the CMBS infestation may be hazardous to pollinators and other beneficial insects.Natural enemies of CMBS are important agents for developing integrated environmentally friendly management strategies.This study evaluated the performance of larval green lacewing(Chrysoperla rufilabris)as a biocontrol agent of CMBS.Predatory behavior of the larval C.rufilabris upon CMBS was documented under a stereomicroscope using infested crapemyrtle samples collected from different locations in College Station(Texas,USA).Predation potential of C.rufilabris upon CMBS eggs and foraging performance using Y-maze assay were investigated under laboratory conditions.Results confirmed that larval C.rufilabris preyed on CMBS nymphs,eggs,and adult females.The evaluation of predation potential results showed that 3rd instar C.rufilabris consumed significantly more CMBS eggs(176.4±6.9)than 2^(nd)(151.5±6.6)or 1^(st)instar(11.8±1.3)in 24 hours.Results from the Y-maze assay indicated that larval C.rufilabris could target CMBS in the dark,indicating that some cues associated with olfactory response were likely involved when preying on CMBS.This study is the first report that validated C.rufilabris as a natural predator of CMBS and its potential as a biological agent to control CMBS.Future investigation about the olfactory response of larval C.rufilabris to CMBS would benefit the development of environmentally friendly strategies to manage CMBS.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82272396 and No.82003226)the Suzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.SKY2022057 and No.SKY2023205).
文摘Background and Aims:Gut dysbiosis has been reported in severe liver diseases.However,information on the impact of hepatitis E virus infection on the gut microbiota,and the association between enteric microbiota disturbances and acute hepatitis E(AHE),is limited,particularly in elderly patients with AHE(AHE-elderly).Our objective was to characterize the AHE-specific microbiome in elderly patients and evaluate its association with clinical outcomes.Methods:Fecal samples and clinical data were collected from 58 AHE-elderly patients(46 self-healing cases,12 non-self-healing cases)and 30 elderly patients with healthy controls(hereinafter referred to as HCs-elderly).Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Bioinformatic analyses,including alpha diversity and STAMP,were performed.The predictive potential of Bacteroides fragilis was assessed using statistical analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves.Results:Alpha diversity indices showed no significant differences in microbial diversity between the AHE-elderly and HCs-elderly groups,nor between self-healing and non-selfhealing groups among AHE-elderly patients.Nevertheless,a trend toward altered species richness was observed.In the AHE-elderly group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Lactobacillales,and Bacilli increased significantly.Meanwhile,compared with the self-healing group,Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the non-self-healing group.At the species level,Bacteroides fragilis was the most abundant in the non-self-healing group,significantly contributing to the divergence in gut microbiota between the two groups.Conclusions:The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes significantly distinguished AHE-elderly patients from healthy controls and could more accurately predict recovery outcomes in elderly AHE patients.These findings suggest new strategies for preventing and managing AHE recurrence in the elderly patients.
基金supported by TAMU T3246495-2019,Crop Protection and Pest Management project‘Integrated pest management strategies for crape myrtle bark scale,a new exotic pest’(No.2014-70006-22632)Specialty Crop Research Initiative project'Systematic Strategies to Manage Crapemyrtle Bark Scale,An Emerging Exotic Pest'(grant no.2017-51181-26831)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.Any opinions,findings,conclusions,or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S.Department of Agriculture.
文摘Crapemyrtle bark scale(CMBS;Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae),an invasive sap-sucking hemipteran,has spread across 16 US states.Infestation of CMBS negatively impacts the flowering and reduces the aesthetic quality of crapemyrtles.The widespread use of soil-applied neonicotinoid insecticides to suppress the CMBS infestation may be hazardous to pollinators and other beneficial insects.Natural enemies of CMBS are important agents for developing integrated environmentally friendly management strategies.This study evaluated the performance of larval green lacewing(Chrysoperla rufilabris)as a biocontrol agent of CMBS.Predatory behavior of the larval C.rufilabris upon CMBS was documented under a stereomicroscope using infested crapemyrtle samples collected from different locations in College Station(Texas,USA).Predation potential of C.rufilabris upon CMBS eggs and foraging performance using Y-maze assay were investigated under laboratory conditions.Results confirmed that larval C.rufilabris preyed on CMBS nymphs,eggs,and adult females.The evaluation of predation potential results showed that 3rd instar C.rufilabris consumed significantly more CMBS eggs(176.4±6.9)than 2^(nd)(151.5±6.6)or 1^(st)instar(11.8±1.3)in 24 hours.Results from the Y-maze assay indicated that larval C.rufilabris could target CMBS in the dark,indicating that some cues associated with olfactory response were likely involved when preying on CMBS.This study is the first report that validated C.rufilabris as a natural predator of CMBS and its potential as a biological agent to control CMBS.Future investigation about the olfactory response of larval C.rufilabris to CMBS would benefit the development of environmentally friendly strategies to manage CMBS.
