Although MoS_(2) has been proved to be a very ideal cocatalyst in advanced oxidation process(AOPs),the activation process of peroxy mono sulfate(PMS)is still inseparable from metal ions which inevitably brings the ris...Although MoS_(2) has been proved to be a very ideal cocatalyst in advanced oxidation process(AOPs),the activation process of peroxy mono sulfate(PMS)is still inseparable from metal ions which inevitably brings the risk of secondary pollution and it is not conducive to large-scale industrial application.In this study,the commercial MoS_(2),as a durable and efficient catalyst,was used for directly activating PMS to degrade aromatic organic pollutant.The commercial MoS_(2)/PMS catalytic system demonstrated excellent removal efficiency of phenol and the total organic carbon(TOC)residual rate reach to 25%.The degradation rate was significantly reduced if the used MoS_(2) was directly carried out the next cycle experiment without any post-treatment.Interestingly,the commercial MoS_(2) after post-treated with H2 O_(2) can exhibit good stability and recyclability for cyclic degradation of phenol.Furthermore,the mechanism for the activation of PMS had been investigated by density functional theory(DFT)calculation.The renewable Mo4+exposed on the surface of MoS_(2) was deduced as the primary active site,which realized the direct activation of PMS and avoided secondary pollution.Taking into account the reaction cost and efficient activity,the development of commercial MoS_(2) catalytic system is expected to be applied in industrial wastewater.展开更多
Experimental records in the cerebral cortex indicate that ammonia injection can lead to seizures. Considering that astrocytes play a vital role in mediating the uptake and absorption of ammonium ions in the extracellu...Experimental records in the cerebral cortex indicate that ammonia injection can lead to seizures. Considering that astrocytes play a vital role in mediating the uptake and absorption of ammonium ions in the extracellular space of the cortical circuit, we constructed a new astrocyte neuron coupling model, which is composed of a neuron and its astrocytes connected through the extracellular space, taking into account of the influence of extracellular ammonium ions. The numerical results verified the previous experimental observation that obtained epileptic firing modes of neurons and postsynaptic GABA reversal potential depolarization triggered by ammonia injection. In addition, we also determined the concentration–response relationship between the ammonium ion concentration and the time of entering epilepsy and predicted the threshold of the ammonium ion concentration for the onset of epilepsy.展开更多
Widespread infestation of pests and pathogens during winter wheat’s heading stage poses significant risks to yield loss.In this study,an assessment model of health degree(HD)of winter wheat under field conditions was...Widespread infestation of pests and pathogens during winter wheat’s heading stage poses significant risks to yield loss.In this study,an assessment model of health degree(HD)of winter wheat under field conditions was established by using unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing(UAV RS)imagery.Firstly,non-photosynthetic features were identified from the UAV RS imagery based on different machine learning methods,including Minimum Distance(MD),Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE),and Support Vector Machine(SVM).Classification results indicated that MD demonstrates the best performance,according to the values of Overall Accuracy(0.898),Kappa Coefficient(0.863),and Precision(0.856).Therefore,the inversion model between the proportion of pixels classified as non-photosynthetic features and the corresponding ground truth of the incidence of non-photosynthetic features was established.Coefficient of determination(R2),RMSE(root mean square error),and RRMSE(Relative RMSE)of the inversion model are 0.73,4.86%,and 19.81%,respectively,demonstrating strong correlation and high accuracy.Subsequently,an assessment model for HD of the wheat field was generated based on the predicted incidence of the non-photosynthetic features,and the conclusion was reached that HD1(pre-symptoms of the infestation of pests and pathogens)dominated in the wheat field,with the proportion of area as 56.16%,while HD4 and HD5(severe infestation of pests and pathogens)were negligible,with proportions of area of 2.29%and 17.75%.Finally,the assessment model of HD was used to simulate the precision OSMP(One-Spray-Multiple-Protection),and the agricultural chemical could be reduced to 69.11%of the conventional OSMP operation,which provides theoretical and methodological support for the reduction of agricultural chemicals in the domain of precision agriculture.展开更多
Plastic products have become ubiquitous in our daily lives due to their low cost,durability,and portability.However,the excessive usage of plastics,coupled with inadequate management of post-consumer plastics,inevitab...Plastic products have become ubiquitous in our daily lives due to their low cost,durability,and portability.However,the excessive usage of plastics,coupled with inadequate management of post-consumer plastics,inevitably results in a waste of carbon resources and severe environmental issues.In response,photocatalytic conversion of plastic waste into value-added chemicals directly using solar energy has emerged as a sustainable and promising strategy under mild conditions.This review first examined the advantages and limitations of photocatalysis compared to traditional plastic processing methods,including landfill,mechanical recycling,incineration,and thermocatalysis.Subsequently,the effect of pretreatment procedures and photocatalyst selection on solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency was systematically analyzed.Finally,research directions and future prospects were proposed to further advance the photoconversion of plastics into value-added chemicals.展开更多
Hollow metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and their derivatives have attracted more and more attention due to their high specific surface area and perfect morphological structure,which determine their large potential appli...Hollow metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and their derivatives have attracted more and more attention due to their high specific surface area and perfect morphological structure,which determine their large potential application in energy storage and catalysis fields.However,few researchers have carried out further modification on the outer shell of hollow MOFs,such as the perforation modification,which will endow hollow nanomaterials derived from MOFs with multifunctionality.In this paper,hollow MOFs of MIL-53(Fe)with perforated outer surface are successfully synthesized by using SiO2 nanospheres as the template via a self-assembly process induced by the coordination polymerization.The tightly packed mesopore structure makes the carbon outer shell of MOFs thinner,thus realizing the in-situ transformation from MOFs to hollow Fe3 O4/carbon,which exhibits perfect capacity approaching 1270 mA h g-1 even after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g-1,as an anode material in lithium ion batteries(LIBs)application.This research provides a new strategy for the design and preparation of MOFs and their derivatives with multifunctionality for the energy applications.展开更多
The accumulation of plastic wastes in landfills and the environment threatens our environment and public health,while leading to the loss of potential carbon resources.The urgent necessary lies in developing an energy...The accumulation of plastic wastes in landfills and the environment threatens our environment and public health,while leading to the loss of potential carbon resources.The urgent necessary lies in developing an energy-saving and environmentally benign approach to upgrade plastic into value-added chemicals.Artificial photosynthesis holds the ability to realize plastic upcycling by using endless solar energy under mild conditions,but remains in the initial stage for plastic upgrading.In this review,we aim to look critically at the photocatalytic conversion of plastic wastes from the perspective of resource reutilization.To begin with,we present the emerging conversion routes for plastic wastes and highlight the advantages of artificial photosynthesis for processing plastic wastes.By parsing photocatalytic plastic conversion process,we demonstrate the currently available routes for processing plastic,including plastic photodegradation,tandem decomposition of plastic and CO_(2) reduction,selective plastic oxidation,as well as photoreforming of plastic.This review concludes with a personal perspective for potential advances and emerging challenges in photocatalytic plastic conversion.展开更多
The accumulation of waste plastics presents a severe environmental challenge.Among plastics,polyester plastics featured with ester-rich backbones are particularly promising for chemicalrecycling into valuable products...The accumulation of waste plastics presents a severe environmental challenge.Among plastics,polyester plastics featured with ester-rich backbones are particularly promising for chemicalrecycling into valuable products.Recently,artificial photosynthesis,one of the well-knownchemical methods for plastic disposal,has emerged and been devoted to convert the waste intowealth through partial oxidation of plastic substrates under mild conditions.In this review,weelaborate on various pathways of polyester plastic conversion,including polyester plasticupcycling integrated with water splitting,polyester valorization coupled with CO_(2)reduction,and organonitrogen synthesis from polyester.This review begins by discussing the fundamentalmechanisms of photoinduced plastic conversion as well as its advantages compared withtraditional plastic disposal and biological treatment approaches.We then outline the designprinciples for the development of high-performance photocatalysts,such as tuning redoxpotentials,promoting charge separation,enhancing substrate absorption and leveragingphotothermal-assisted photocatalysis.Furthermore,we summarize the recent advances in plasticconversion and the underlying mechanisms.In addition,techno-economic assessment and lifecycle assessment are used to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact ofsolar-driven plastic upcycling,respectively.Finally,future challenges and research perspectives,such as photocatalyst screening,reactor design and the synthesis of multicarbon compounds,arecritically discussed.This review presents a blueprint for the development of advancedphotocatalysts for polyester plastic conversion,thereby closing the carbon loop forpostconsumer polyester plastics.展开更多
基金the State Key Research Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0204200)Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018SHZDZX03)+4 种基金the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(No.B16017)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2182260321811540394,5171101651,21677048,2177306221577036)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.22A201514021)。
文摘Although MoS_(2) has been proved to be a very ideal cocatalyst in advanced oxidation process(AOPs),the activation process of peroxy mono sulfate(PMS)is still inseparable from metal ions which inevitably brings the risk of secondary pollution and it is not conducive to large-scale industrial application.In this study,the commercial MoS_(2),as a durable and efficient catalyst,was used for directly activating PMS to degrade aromatic organic pollutant.The commercial MoS_(2)/PMS catalytic system demonstrated excellent removal efficiency of phenol and the total organic carbon(TOC)residual rate reach to 25%.The degradation rate was significantly reduced if the used MoS_(2) was directly carried out the next cycle experiment without any post-treatment.Interestingly,the commercial MoS_(2) after post-treated with H2 O_(2) can exhibit good stability and recyclability for cyclic degradation of phenol.Furthermore,the mechanism for the activation of PMS had been investigated by density functional theory(DFT)calculation.The renewable Mo4+exposed on the surface of MoS_(2) was deduced as the primary active site,which realized the direct activation of PMS and avoided secondary pollution.Taking into account the reaction cost and efficient activity,the development of commercial MoS_(2) catalytic system is expected to be applied in industrial wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12132012 and 11972275)the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (Grant No. 12102240)。
文摘Experimental records in the cerebral cortex indicate that ammonia injection can lead to seizures. Considering that astrocytes play a vital role in mediating the uptake and absorption of ammonium ions in the extracellular space of the cortical circuit, we constructed a new astrocyte neuron coupling model, which is composed of a neuron and its astrocytes connected through the extracellular space, taking into account of the influence of extracellular ammonium ions. The numerical results verified the previous experimental observation that obtained epileptic firing modes of neurons and postsynaptic GABA reversal potential depolarization triggered by ammonia injection. In addition, we also determined the concentration–response relationship between the ammonium ion concentration and the time of entering epilepsy and predicted the threshold of the ammonium ion concentration for the onset of epilepsy.
基金funded by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Longmen Laboratory(Grant No.231100220200)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFE0125500-03).
文摘Widespread infestation of pests and pathogens during winter wheat’s heading stage poses significant risks to yield loss.In this study,an assessment model of health degree(HD)of winter wheat under field conditions was established by using unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing(UAV RS)imagery.Firstly,non-photosynthetic features were identified from the UAV RS imagery based on different machine learning methods,including Minimum Distance(MD),Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE),and Support Vector Machine(SVM).Classification results indicated that MD demonstrates the best performance,according to the values of Overall Accuracy(0.898),Kappa Coefficient(0.863),and Precision(0.856).Therefore,the inversion model between the proportion of pixels classified as non-photosynthetic features and the corresponding ground truth of the incidence of non-photosynthetic features was established.Coefficient of determination(R2),RMSE(root mean square error),and RRMSE(Relative RMSE)of the inversion model are 0.73,4.86%,and 19.81%,respectively,demonstrating strong correlation and high accuracy.Subsequently,an assessment model for HD of the wheat field was generated based on the predicted incidence of the non-photosynthetic features,and the conclusion was reached that HD1(pre-symptoms of the infestation of pests and pathogens)dominated in the wheat field,with the proportion of area as 56.16%,while HD4 and HD5(severe infestation of pests and pathogens)were negligible,with proportions of area of 2.29%and 17.75%.Finally,the assessment model of HD was used to simulate the precision OSMP(One-Spray-Multiple-Protection),and the agricultural chemical could be reduced to 69.11%of the conventional OSMP operation,which provides theoretical and methodological support for the reduction of agricultural chemicals in the domain of precision agriculture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378208,22406047).
文摘Plastic products have become ubiquitous in our daily lives due to their low cost,durability,and portability.However,the excessive usage of plastics,coupled with inadequate management of post-consumer plastics,inevitably results in a waste of carbon resources and severe environmental issues.In response,photocatalytic conversion of plastic waste into value-added chemicals directly using solar energy has emerged as a sustainable and promising strategy under mild conditions.This review first examined the advantages and limitations of photocatalysis compared to traditional plastic processing methods,including landfill,mechanical recycling,incineration,and thermocatalysis.Subsequently,the effect of pretreatment procedures and photocatalyst selection on solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency was systematically analyzed.Finally,research directions and future prospects were proposed to further advance the photoconversion of plastics into value-added chemicals.
基金supported by the State Key Research Development Program of China(2016YFA0204200)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(21822603,21811540394,5171101651,21677048,21773062,and 21577036)+1 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Program(17PJD011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22A201514021).
文摘Hollow metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and their derivatives have attracted more and more attention due to their high specific surface area and perfect morphological structure,which determine their large potential application in energy storage and catalysis fields.However,few researchers have carried out further modification on the outer shell of hollow MOFs,such as the perforation modification,which will endow hollow nanomaterials derived from MOFs with multifunctionality.In this paper,hollow MOFs of MIL-53(Fe)with perforated outer surface are successfully synthesized by using SiO2 nanospheres as the template via a self-assembly process induced by the coordination polymerization.The tightly packed mesopore structure makes the carbon outer shell of MOFs thinner,thus realizing the in-situ transformation from MOFs to hollow Fe3 O4/carbon,which exhibits perfect capacity approaching 1270 mA h g-1 even after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g-1,as an anode material in lithium ion batteries(LIBs)application.This research provides a new strategy for the design and preparation of MOFs and their derivatives with multifunctionality for the energy applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2103600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210382)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0763).
文摘The accumulation of plastic wastes in landfills and the environment threatens our environment and public health,while leading to the loss of potential carbon resources.The urgent necessary lies in developing an energy-saving and environmentally benign approach to upgrade plastic into value-added chemicals.Artificial photosynthesis holds the ability to realize plastic upcycling by using endless solar energy under mild conditions,but remains in the initial stage for plastic upgrading.In this review,we aim to look critically at the photocatalytic conversion of plastic wastes from the perspective of resource reutilization.To begin with,we present the emerging conversion routes for plastic wastes and highlight the advantages of artificial photosynthesis for processing plastic wastes.By parsing photocatalytic plastic conversion process,we demonstrate the currently available routes for processing plastic,including plastic photodegradation,tandem decomposition of plastic and CO_(2) reduction,selective plastic oxidation,as well as photoreforming of plastic.This review concludes with a personal perspective for potential advances and emerging challenges in photocatalytic plastic conversion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22378208 and 22302095)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.KJYQ2025013)+1 种基金the Talent Project of Fuyang Normal University(Grant No.2025KYQD0090)the Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(Grant No.2023SLABFN17).
文摘The accumulation of waste plastics presents a severe environmental challenge.Among plastics,polyester plastics featured with ester-rich backbones are particularly promising for chemicalrecycling into valuable products.Recently,artificial photosynthesis,one of the well-knownchemical methods for plastic disposal,has emerged and been devoted to convert the waste intowealth through partial oxidation of plastic substrates under mild conditions.In this review,weelaborate on various pathways of polyester plastic conversion,including polyester plasticupcycling integrated with water splitting,polyester valorization coupled with CO_(2)reduction,and organonitrogen synthesis from polyester.This review begins by discussing the fundamentalmechanisms of photoinduced plastic conversion as well as its advantages compared withtraditional plastic disposal and biological treatment approaches.We then outline the designprinciples for the development of high-performance photocatalysts,such as tuning redoxpotentials,promoting charge separation,enhancing substrate absorption and leveragingphotothermal-assisted photocatalysis.Furthermore,we summarize the recent advances in plasticconversion and the underlying mechanisms.In addition,techno-economic assessment and lifecycle assessment are used to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact ofsolar-driven plastic upcycling,respectively.Finally,future challenges and research perspectives,such as photocatalyst screening,reactor design and the synthesis of multicarbon compounds,arecritically discussed.This review presents a blueprint for the development of advancedphotocatalysts for polyester plastic conversion,thereby closing the carbon loop forpostconsumer polyester plastics.
