Heap memory anomalies,such as Use-After-Free(UAF),Double-Free,andMemory Leaks,pose critical security threats including system crashes,data leakage,and remote exploits.Existing methods often fail to handle multiple ano...Heap memory anomalies,such as Use-After-Free(UAF),Double-Free,andMemory Leaks,pose critical security threats including system crashes,data leakage,and remote exploits.Existing methods often fail to handle multiple anomaly types and meet real-time detection demands.To address these challenges,this paper proposes MemHookNet,a real-time multi-class heap anomaly detection framework that combines log hooking with deep learning.Without modifying source code,MemHookNet non-intrusively captures memory operation logs at runtime and transforms them into structured sequences encoding operation types,pointer identifiers,thread context,memory sizes,and temporal intervals.A sliding-window Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)module efficiently filters out suspicious segments,which are then transformed into pointer access graphs for classification using a GATv2-based model.Experimental results demonstrate that MemHookNet achieves 82.2% accuracy and 81.5% recall with an average inference time of 15 ms,outperforming DeepLog and GLAD-PAW by 11.7% in accuracy and reducing latency by over 80%.展开更多
Cyclooxygenases play a vital role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins.Two cyclooxygenases are described,the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 and the inducible cyclooxygenase-2,for whi...Cyclooxygenases play a vital role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins.Two cyclooxygenases are described,the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 and the inducible cyclooxygenase-2,for which the target inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).Prostaglandins are a class of lipid compounds that mediate acute and chronic inflammation.NSAIDs are the most frequent choices for treatment of inflammation.Nevertheless,currently used anti-inflammatory drugs have become associated with a variety of adverse effects which lead to diminished output even market withdrawal.Recently,more studies have been carried out on searching novel selective COX-2 inhibitors with safety profiles.In this review,we highlight the various structural classes of organic and natural scaffolds with efficient COX-2 inhibitory activity reported during 2011-2021.It will be valuable for pharmaceutical scientists to read up on the current chemicals to pave the way for subsequent research.展开更多
Benzaldehyde lyase(BAL)is an enzyme which was originally found from Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I.It has long been used in the formation of a C-C bond.BAL can exclusively yield(R)-enantioselective products from the...Benzaldehyde lyase(BAL)is an enzyme which was originally found from Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I.It has long been used in the formation of a C-C bond.BAL can exclusively yield(R)-enantioselective products from the synthesis ofα-hydroxy ketones and has so far been explored as an important enzyme to prepare the corresponding intermediate of pharmaceuticals.Due to its substrate spectrum and stereospecificity,this enzyme extends the synthetic potential for carboligations appreciably.In this review,we highlight the biotransformation applications of BAL in recent years,some of which have achieved intriguing results and provided the theoretical basis for drug development and industrial purpose in the future.展开更多
基金upported by Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Security,Ministry of Education of China(No.KLCS20240211).
文摘Heap memory anomalies,such as Use-After-Free(UAF),Double-Free,andMemory Leaks,pose critical security threats including system crashes,data leakage,and remote exploits.Existing methods often fail to handle multiple anomaly types and meet real-time detection demands.To address these challenges,this paper proposes MemHookNet,a real-time multi-class heap anomaly detection framework that combines log hooking with deep learning.Without modifying source code,MemHookNet non-intrusively captures memory operation logs at runtime and transforms them into structured sequences encoding operation types,pointer identifiers,thread context,memory sizes,and temporal intervals.A sliding-window Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)module efficiently filters out suspicious segments,which are then transformed into pointer access graphs for classification using a GATv2-based model.Experimental results demonstrate that MemHookNet achieves 82.2% accuracy and 81.5% recall with an average inference time of 15 ms,outperforming DeepLog and GLAD-PAW by 11.7% in accuracy and reducing latency by over 80%.
文摘Cyclooxygenases play a vital role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins.Two cyclooxygenases are described,the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 and the inducible cyclooxygenase-2,for which the target inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).Prostaglandins are a class of lipid compounds that mediate acute and chronic inflammation.NSAIDs are the most frequent choices for treatment of inflammation.Nevertheless,currently used anti-inflammatory drugs have become associated with a variety of adverse effects which lead to diminished output even market withdrawal.Recently,more studies have been carried out on searching novel selective COX-2 inhibitors with safety profiles.In this review,we highlight the various structural classes of organic and natural scaffolds with efficient COX-2 inhibitory activity reported during 2011-2021.It will be valuable for pharmaceutical scientists to read up on the current chemicals to pave the way for subsequent research.
基金The author would like to thank Dr.K.Kaliyaperumal,Dr.M.Fredimoses and Dr.B.Sachin for their careful revisions of this work.
文摘Benzaldehyde lyase(BAL)is an enzyme which was originally found from Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I.It has long been used in the formation of a C-C bond.BAL can exclusively yield(R)-enantioselective products from the synthesis ofα-hydroxy ketones and has so far been explored as an important enzyme to prepare the corresponding intermediate of pharmaceuticals.Due to its substrate spectrum and stereospecificity,this enzyme extends the synthetic potential for carboligations appreciably.In this review,we highlight the biotransformation applications of BAL in recent years,some of which have achieved intriguing results and provided the theoretical basis for drug development and industrial purpose in the future.
