The emergent two-dimensional(2D)material,tin diselenide(SnSe_(2)),has garnered significant consideration for its potential in image capturing systems,optical communication,and optoelectronic memory.Nevertheless,SnSe_(...The emergent two-dimensional(2D)material,tin diselenide(SnSe_(2)),has garnered significant consideration for its potential in image capturing systems,optical communication,and optoelectronic memory.Nevertheless,SnSe_(2)-based photodetection faces obstacles,including slow response speed and low normalized detectivity.In this work,photodetectors based on SnS/SnSe_(2)and SnSe/SnSe_(2)p−n heterostructures have been implemented through a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)−assisted transfer method.These photodetectors demonstrate broad-spectrum photoresponse within the 405 to 850 nm wavelength range.The photodetector based on the SnS/SnSe_(2)heterostructure exhibits a significant responsivity of 4.99×10^(3)A∙W^(−1),normalized detectivity of 5.80×10^(12)cm∙Hz^(1/2)∙W^(−1),and fast response time of 3.13 ms,respectively,owing to the built-in electric field.Meanwhile,the highest values of responsivity,normalized detectivity,and response time for the photodetector based on the SnSe/SnSe_(2)heterostructure are 5.91×10^(3)A∙W^(−1),7.03×10^(12)cm∙Hz^(1/2)∙W−1,and 4.74 ms,respectively.And their photodetection performances transcend those of photodetectors based on individual SnSe_(2),SnS,SnSe,and other commonly used 2D materials.Our work has demonstrated an effective strategy to improve the performance of SnSe_(2)-based photodetectors and paves the way for their future commercialization.展开更多
Platinum-based materials show excellent electrocatalytic performance and have good potential for use in fuel cells.However,the high cost and scarce reserves have restricted their wide application.Therefore,it is a cha...Platinum-based materials show excellent electrocatalytic performance and have good potential for use in fuel cells.However,the high cost and scarce reserves have restricted their wide application.Therefore,it is a challenging task to reduce the amount of Pt as well as ensure good catalytic performance.Herein,anchoring of Pt single atoms(0.21 wt‰)with ultra-low content on g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(Pt_(0.21)/CN)has been successfully achieved.The obtained Pt_(0.21)/CN catalyst shows excellent two-electron oxygen reduction(2e-ORR)capability for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Compared with CN,its H_(2)O_(2)selectivity increased from 80%to 98%in 0.1M KOH,surpassing those in most of the reported studies.Besides,the H_(2)O_(2)production rate of Pt_(0.21)/CN is 767 mmol gcat^(-1)h-1,which is 11.1 times that of CN.This work may pave the way toward the development of an effective method for the design of noblemetal electrocatalysts with low metal loading and high catalytic activity.展开更多
Two strategies for the design of new pillar[5]arene-based mechanically self-interlocked molecules (MSMs) are reported here. The first strategy is based on the construction of an intermediate pseudo[1]rotaxane followed...Two strategies for the design of new pillar[5]arene-based mechanically self-interlocked molecules (MSMs) are reported here. The first strategy is based on the construction of an intermediate pseudo[1]rotaxane followed by the desired bis-[l]rotaxane. The other one is based on the construction of the desired bis-[1]rotaxane directly via a condensation reaction through host-vip interactions between a mono-functionalized pillar[5]arene and the axle. The newly synthesized bis-[1]rotaxane BR was characterized by ~1H NMR, ^(13)C NMR, 2D NMRs (~1H-^(13)C HSQC,~1H-~1H COSY and NOESY) and LC-ESI-MS,which indicated compound BR displayed an self-interlocked structure in CDCl_3. Surprisingly, the results of SEM, TEM and DLS showed that the compound BR could assemble into spherical nanoparticles in MeOH.展开更多
Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),a...Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),as well as nutraceuticals and cosmetics.However,the physical and chemical properties of proteins are unstable,and they are easily denatured by the influence of external high temperature and polar pH during processing,resulting in the loss of their functional activity.Herein,Fenneropenaeus chinensis water-soluble protein(FCWP)and Lateolabrax japonicus water-soluble protein(LJWP)were encapsulated within spherical biopolymer microgels composed of pectin and chitosan produced by the microfluidic device.The encapsulated samples remained inside the microgels when they were exposed to upper gastrointestinal but were released when they were exposed to simulated colonic fluid due to the hydrolysis effect by enzymes secreted by the colonic microflora.The results showed that microgels improve the thermal stability of FCWP and LJWP due to the interaction between polysaccharides and proteins in the microgels.In addition,microgels encapsulation did not affect the antioxidant and immunoenhancing activities of FCWP and LJWP.In summary,these microgels are suitable for oral colon-specific delivery in functional foods and supplements.展开更多
Industrialized buildings,characterized by off-site manufacturing and on-site installation,offer notable improvements in efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and material use.This transition from traditional construction meth...Industrialized buildings,characterized by off-site manufacturing and on-site installation,offer notable improvements in efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and material use.This transition from traditional construction methods not only accelerates building processes but also enhances working efficiencies globally.Despite its widespread adoption,the performance of industrialized building manufacturing(IBM)can still be optimized,particularly in enhancing time efficiency and reducing costs.This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and robotics at IBM to improve efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and material use in off-site assembly.Through a narrative literature review,this study systematically categorizes AI-based Robots(AIRs)applications into four critical stages—Cognition,Communication,Control,and Collab-oration and Coordination,and then investigates their appli-cation in the factory assembly process for industrialized buildings,which is structured into distinct stages:compo-nent preparation,sub-assembly,main assembly,finishing tasks,and quality control.Each stage,from positioning components to the integration of larger modules and subsequent quality inspection,often involves robots or human-robot collaboration to enhance precision and effi-ciency.By examining research from 2014 to 2024,the review highlights the significant improvements AI-based robots have introduced to the construction sector,identifies existing challenges,and outlines future research directions.This comprehensive analysis aims to establish more effi-cient,precise,and tailored construction processes,paving the way for advanced IBM.展开更多
In healthcare facilities,including hospitals,pathogen transmission can lead to infectious disease outbreaks,highlighting the need for effective disinfection protocols.Although disinfection robots offer a promising sol...In healthcare facilities,including hospitals,pathogen transmission can lead to infectious disease outbreaks,highlighting the need for effective disinfection protocols.Although disinfection robots offer a promising solution,their deployment is often hindered by their inability to accurately recognize human activities within these environments.Although numerous studies have addressed Human Activity Recognition(HAR),few have utilized scene graph features that capture the relationships between objects in a scene.To address this gap,our study proposes a novel hybrid multi-classifier information fusion method that combines scene graph analysis with visual feature extraction for enhanced HAR in healthcare settings.We first extract scene graphs,complete with node and edge attributes,from images and use a graph classifi-cation network with a graph attention mechanism for activity recognition.Concurrently,we employ Swin Transformer and convolutional neural network models to extract visual features from the same images.The outputs from these three models are then integrated using a hybrid information fusion approach based on Dempster-Shafer theory and a weighted majority vote.Our method is evalu-ated on a newly compiled hospital activity data set,consisting of 5,770 images across 25 activity categories.The results demonstrate an accuracy of 90.59%,a recall of 90.16%,and a precision of 90.31%,outperforming existing HAR methods and showing its potential for practical applications in healthcare environments.展开更多
To address the complexity of structural design and synergistic optimization of biological effects of nanozymes in the field of oncology therapy,this study constructed a nanozymes platform(Pt@E5)with a facile and highl...To address the complexity of structural design and synergistic optimization of biological effects of nanozymes in the field of oncology therapy,this study constructed a nanozymes platform(Pt@E5)with a facile and highly efficient preparation process for precision targeting of lymphoma.Pt@E5 nanozymes assemblies were directly prepared by a one-step reduction method,and the modification of E5 peptide ensured the dimensional homogeneity and stability of the platinum nanoparticles.This nano enzymatic platform combines dual enzyme activity with chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4)targeting.It can inhibit tumor metastasis by targeting CXCR4 and thus specifically blocking the CXCR4/CXCL12(stromal cell derived factor 1α)signaling pathway.In addition,it induces mitochondria mediated apoptosis and immunogenic cell death(ICD)in tumor cells by catalyzing the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)using dual enzyme activity.In a mouse lymphoma model,the therapeutic results showed that Pt@E5 treatment effectively remodeled the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting cytotoxic T cell infiltration(CTLs)and reducing regulatory T cell(Treg)levels.It also eliminated A20 cells from the bone marrow and peripheral blood,leading to significant tumor regression compared to the control group.In conclusion,this study offers a promising translational strategy for the multifaceted collaborative treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)based on a simple nanozyme-peptide assembly.展开更多
The shape of an aluminum particle is assumed to be spherical or an equivalent sphere during the combustion process.Such an assumption lacks objectivity and leads to unreasonable approximations of burning efficiency an...The shape of an aluminum particle is assumed to be spherical or an equivalent sphere during the combustion process.Such an assumption lacks objectivity and leads to unreasonable approximations of burning efficiency and performance.To investigate the influence of non-spherical particles on burning behavior,this study focused on a theoretical and experimental investigation of the combustion of nanoscale aluminum ellipsoidal particles.Models for prolate and oblate spheroids in aluminum combustion were established to explore combustion properties such as mass release rate,linear burning rate,burning rate,and burnout time.To validate the theoretical results,combustion experiments were conducted on three samples.Reasonable agreement between the results of numerical simulation and experimental findings was obtained in terms of the particle burning characteristics.It was found that particle morphology(such as prolate or oblate spheroid shape)and size play a significant role in the combustion performance of nanosized aluminum particles.展开更多
Phase modulation of noble metal alloys(NMAs)is critically important in nanoscience since the distinct atomic arrangements can largely determine their physicochemical properties.However,the precise modulation of NMAs i...Phase modulation of noble metal alloys(NMAs)is critically important in nanoscience since the distinct atomic arrangements can largely determine their physicochemical properties.However,the precise modulation of NMAs is formidably challenging,because thermodynamically stable phases are generally preferential compared to those metastable ones.Herein,we proposed a potential energy trapping strategy for phase modulation of Pd–Te alloys with solvents.Thereinto,ethylene glycol can increase the energy barrier for both Pd leaching and Te introduction,forming metastable Pd20Te7 phase.Inversely,N,N-dimethylformamide is unable to trap metastable phase,inducing the phase evolution to thermodynamically stable PdTe phase,and the precise phase modulation was realized including Pd20Te7,PdTe and PdTe2 phases.The Pd–Te alloys displayed phase-dependent formic acid oxidation catalytic performance with PdTe phase showing the best.This work proposes a strategy for creating metastable phase with potential energy trap,which may deepen the understanding of phase engineering for noble metal-based nanocrystals.展开更多
Background:Ultrasound is widely used in critical care for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation strate...Background:Ultrasound is widely used in critical care for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation strategies and usual care in septic shock.Methods:We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and registers for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the prognosis of ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock.Results:Twelve randomized controlled studies with 947 participants were included.Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock was associated with reduced mortality(risk ratio:0.78;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.65 to 0.94;P=0.007)and 24-hour fluid volume(mean differences[MD]:−1.02;95%CI:−1.28 to−0.75;P<0.001),low heterogeneity(I^(2)=29%,I^(2)=0%),and increased dose of norepinephrine(MD:0.07;95%CI:0.02-0.11;P=0.002)and dobutamine dose(MD:2.2;95%CI:0.35-4.04;P=0.02),with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=45%,I^(2)=0%).There was no reduction in the risk of dobutamine use(risk ratio:1.67;95%CI:0.52 to 5.36;P=0.39;I^(2)=0%).Inferior vena cava-related measures reduced the length of hospital stay(MD:−2.91;95%CI:−5.2 to−0.62;P=0.01;low heterogeneity,I^(2)=8%)and length of intensive care unit stay(MD:−2.77;95%CI:−4.51 to−1.02;P=0.002;low heterogeneity,I^(2)=0%).The use of the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography to assess fluid reactivity was superior.Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation did not significantly change the length of the free intensive care unit stay(MD:1.5;95%CI:−3.81 to 6.81;P=0.58;I^(2)=0%).Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock is beneficial,especially when using inferior vena cava-related measures and the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography.展开更多
基金supported by the Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program(Grant No.20230101286JC)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61975051,6227503,and 52002110)Hebei Provincial Department of Education Innovation Ability Training Funding Project for graduate students.
文摘The emergent two-dimensional(2D)material,tin diselenide(SnSe_(2)),has garnered significant consideration for its potential in image capturing systems,optical communication,and optoelectronic memory.Nevertheless,SnSe_(2)-based photodetection faces obstacles,including slow response speed and low normalized detectivity.In this work,photodetectors based on SnS/SnSe_(2)and SnSe/SnSe_(2)p−n heterostructures have been implemented through a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)−assisted transfer method.These photodetectors demonstrate broad-spectrum photoresponse within the 405 to 850 nm wavelength range.The photodetector based on the SnS/SnSe_(2)heterostructure exhibits a significant responsivity of 4.99×10^(3)A∙W^(−1),normalized detectivity of 5.80×10^(12)cm∙Hz^(1/2)∙W^(−1),and fast response time of 3.13 ms,respectively,owing to the built-in electric field.Meanwhile,the highest values of responsivity,normalized detectivity,and response time for the photodetector based on the SnSe/SnSe_(2)heterostructure are 5.91×10^(3)A∙W^(−1),7.03×10^(12)cm∙Hz^(1/2)∙W−1,and 4.74 ms,respectively.And their photodetection performances transcend those of photodetectors based on individual SnSe_(2),SnS,SnSe,and other commonly used 2D materials.Our work has demonstrated an effective strategy to improve the performance of SnSe_(2)-based photodetectors and paves the way for their future commercialization.
基金This work was financially supported by the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21JR7RA493,17JR5RA198,2020HZ‐2,21JR7RA470)the Cooperation project of Gansu Academy of Sciences(2020HZ‐2)+6 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.lzujbky‐2018‐119,lzujbky‐2018‐ct08,lzujbky‐2019‐it23)Key Areas Scientific and Technological Research Projects in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(No.2018AB004)Hubei University of Arts and Science(No.2020kypytd002)Xiangyang Science and Technology Research and Development(No.2020YL09)the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.D20212603)All the DFT calculations were supported by the Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou UniversityAll SEM,TEM,and HAADFSTEM were supported by the Electron Microscopy Centre of Lanzhou University.
文摘Platinum-based materials show excellent electrocatalytic performance and have good potential for use in fuel cells.However,the high cost and scarce reserves have restricted their wide application.Therefore,it is a challenging task to reduce the amount of Pt as well as ensure good catalytic performance.Herein,anchoring of Pt single atoms(0.21 wt‰)with ultra-low content on g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(Pt_(0.21)/CN)has been successfully achieved.The obtained Pt_(0.21)/CN catalyst shows excellent two-electron oxygen reduction(2e-ORR)capability for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Compared with CN,its H_(2)O_(2)selectivity increased from 80%to 98%in 0.1M KOH,surpassing those in most of the reported studies.Besides,the H_(2)O_(2)production rate of Pt_(0.21)/CN is 767 mmol gcat^(-1)h-1,which is 11.1 times that of CN.This work may pave the way toward the development of an effective method for the design of noblemetal electrocatalysts with low metal loading and high catalytic activity.
文摘Two strategies for the design of new pillar[5]arene-based mechanically self-interlocked molecules (MSMs) are reported here. The first strategy is based on the construction of an intermediate pseudo[1]rotaxane followed by the desired bis-[l]rotaxane. The other one is based on the construction of the desired bis-[1]rotaxane directly via a condensation reaction through host-vip interactions between a mono-functionalized pillar[5]arene and the axle. The newly synthesized bis-[1]rotaxane BR was characterized by ~1H NMR, ^(13)C NMR, 2D NMRs (~1H-^(13)C HSQC,~1H-~1H COSY and NOESY) and LC-ESI-MS,which indicated compound BR displayed an self-interlocked structure in CDCl_3. Surprisingly, the results of SEM, TEM and DLS showed that the compound BR could assemble into spherical nanoparticles in MeOH.
基金financed by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100603)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021SFGC1205).
文摘Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),as well as nutraceuticals and cosmetics.However,the physical and chemical properties of proteins are unstable,and they are easily denatured by the influence of external high temperature and polar pH during processing,resulting in the loss of their functional activity.Herein,Fenneropenaeus chinensis water-soluble protein(FCWP)and Lateolabrax japonicus water-soluble protein(LJWP)were encapsulated within spherical biopolymer microgels composed of pectin and chitosan produced by the microfluidic device.The encapsulated samples remained inside the microgels when they were exposed to upper gastrointestinal but were released when they were exposed to simulated colonic fluid due to the hydrolysis effect by enzymes secreted by the colonic microflora.The results showed that microgels improve the thermal stability of FCWP and LJWP due to the interaction between polysaccharides and proteins in the microgels.In addition,microgels encapsulation did not affect the antioxidant and immunoenhancing activities of FCWP and LJWP.In summary,these microgels are suitable for oral colon-specific delivery in functional foods and supplements.
文摘Industrialized buildings,characterized by off-site manufacturing and on-site installation,offer notable improvements in efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and material use.This transition from traditional construction methods not only accelerates building processes but also enhances working efficiencies globally.Despite its widespread adoption,the performance of industrialized building manufacturing(IBM)can still be optimized,particularly in enhancing time efficiency and reducing costs.This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and robotics at IBM to improve efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and material use in off-site assembly.Through a narrative literature review,this study systematically categorizes AI-based Robots(AIRs)applications into four critical stages—Cognition,Communication,Control,and Collab-oration and Coordination,and then investigates their appli-cation in the factory assembly process for industrialized buildings,which is structured into distinct stages:compo-nent preparation,sub-assembly,main assembly,finishing tasks,and quality control.Each stage,from positioning components to the integration of larger modules and subsequent quality inspection,often involves robots or human-robot collaboration to enhance precision and effi-ciency.By examining research from 2014 to 2024,the review highlights the significant improvements AI-based robots have introduced to the construction sector,identifies existing challenges,and outlines future research directions.This comprehensive analysis aims to establish more effi-cient,precise,and tailored construction processes,paving the way for advanced IBM.
基金US National Science Foundation(NSF)via Grant number 2038967This research also received support from the Science Alliance at the University of Tennessee Knoxville(UTK)via the Joint Directed Research and Development Program.
文摘In healthcare facilities,including hospitals,pathogen transmission can lead to infectious disease outbreaks,highlighting the need for effective disinfection protocols.Although disinfection robots offer a promising solution,their deployment is often hindered by their inability to accurately recognize human activities within these environments.Although numerous studies have addressed Human Activity Recognition(HAR),few have utilized scene graph features that capture the relationships between objects in a scene.To address this gap,our study proposes a novel hybrid multi-classifier information fusion method that combines scene graph analysis with visual feature extraction for enhanced HAR in healthcare settings.We first extract scene graphs,complete with node and edge attributes,from images and use a graph classifi-cation network with a graph attention mechanism for activity recognition.Concurrently,we employ Swin Transformer and convolutional neural network models to extract visual features from the same images.The outputs from these three models are then integrated using a hybrid information fusion approach based on Dempster-Shafer theory and a weighted majority vote.Our method is evalu-ated on a newly compiled hospital activity data set,consisting of 5,770 images across 25 activity categories.The results demonstrate an accuracy of 90.59%,a recall of 90.16%,and a precision of 90.31%,outperforming existing HAR methods and showing its potential for practical applications in healthcare environments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1205802 and 2022YFC2406504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82302370)+2 种基金the Frontier Technologies R&D Program of Jiangsu(No.BF2024062)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230836)the Ili&Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health(No.yl2021ms07).
文摘To address the complexity of structural design and synergistic optimization of biological effects of nanozymes in the field of oncology therapy,this study constructed a nanozymes platform(Pt@E5)with a facile and highly efficient preparation process for precision targeting of lymphoma.Pt@E5 nanozymes assemblies were directly prepared by a one-step reduction method,and the modification of E5 peptide ensured the dimensional homogeneity and stability of the platinum nanoparticles.This nano enzymatic platform combines dual enzyme activity with chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4)targeting.It can inhibit tumor metastasis by targeting CXCR4 and thus specifically blocking the CXCR4/CXCL12(stromal cell derived factor 1α)signaling pathway.In addition,it induces mitochondria mediated apoptosis and immunogenic cell death(ICD)in tumor cells by catalyzing the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)using dual enzyme activity.In a mouse lymphoma model,the therapeutic results showed that Pt@E5 treatment effectively remodeled the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting cytotoxic T cell infiltration(CTLs)and reducing regulatory T cell(Treg)levels.It also eliminated A20 cells from the bone marrow and peripheral blood,leading to significant tumor regression compared to the control group.In conclusion,this study offers a promising translational strategy for the multifaceted collaborative treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)based on a simple nanozyme-peptide assembly.
基金funded by the Science&Technology Depart-ment of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.16211013D)the Handan Science&Technology Development Bureau(Grant No.1511103015)。
文摘The shape of an aluminum particle is assumed to be spherical or an equivalent sphere during the combustion process.Such an assumption lacks objectivity and leads to unreasonable approximations of burning efficiency and performance.To investigate the influence of non-spherical particles on burning behavior,this study focused on a theoretical and experimental investigation of the combustion of nanoscale aluminum ellipsoidal particles.Models for prolate and oblate spheroids in aluminum combustion were established to explore combustion properties such as mass release rate,linear burning rate,burning rate,and burnout time.To validate the theoretical results,combustion experiments were conducted on three samples.Reasonable agreement between the results of numerical simulation and experimental findings was obtained in terms of the particle burning characteristics.It was found that particle morphology(such as prolate or oblate spheroid shape)and size play a significant role in the combustion performance of nanosized aluminum particles.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB1505802)the Ministry of Science and Technology(2017YFA0208200)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22025108,U21A20327,and 22121001)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2021B1515020081)the start-up support from Xiamen University and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices(20195010002)。
基金supports by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB1505802)the Ministry of Science and Technology(2017YFA0208200)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22025108,U21A20327,22121001)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2021B1515020081)start-up support from Xiamen University and the Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices(20195010002).
文摘Phase modulation of noble metal alloys(NMAs)is critically important in nanoscience since the distinct atomic arrangements can largely determine their physicochemical properties.However,the precise modulation of NMAs is formidably challenging,because thermodynamically stable phases are generally preferential compared to those metastable ones.Herein,we proposed a potential energy trapping strategy for phase modulation of Pd–Te alloys with solvents.Thereinto,ethylene glycol can increase the energy barrier for both Pd leaching and Te introduction,forming metastable Pd20Te7 phase.Inversely,N,N-dimethylformamide is unable to trap metastable phase,inducing the phase evolution to thermodynamically stable PdTe phase,and the precise phase modulation was realized including Pd20Te7,PdTe and PdTe2 phases.The Pd–Te alloys displayed phase-dependent formic acid oxidation catalytic performance with PdTe phase showing the best.This work proposes a strategy for creating metastable phase with potential energy trap,which may deepen the understanding of phase engineering for noble metal-based nanocrystals.
文摘Background:Ultrasound is widely used in critical care for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation strategies and usual care in septic shock.Methods:We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and registers for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the prognosis of ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock.Results:Twelve randomized controlled studies with 947 participants were included.Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock was associated with reduced mortality(risk ratio:0.78;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.65 to 0.94;P=0.007)and 24-hour fluid volume(mean differences[MD]:−1.02;95%CI:−1.28 to−0.75;P<0.001),low heterogeneity(I^(2)=29%,I^(2)=0%),and increased dose of norepinephrine(MD:0.07;95%CI:0.02-0.11;P=0.002)and dobutamine dose(MD:2.2;95%CI:0.35-4.04;P=0.02),with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=45%,I^(2)=0%).There was no reduction in the risk of dobutamine use(risk ratio:1.67;95%CI:0.52 to 5.36;P=0.39;I^(2)=0%).Inferior vena cava-related measures reduced the length of hospital stay(MD:−2.91;95%CI:−5.2 to−0.62;P=0.01;low heterogeneity,I^(2)=8%)and length of intensive care unit stay(MD:−2.77;95%CI:−4.51 to−1.02;P=0.002;low heterogeneity,I^(2)=0%).The use of the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography to assess fluid reactivity was superior.Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation did not significantly change the length of the free intensive care unit stay(MD:1.5;95%CI:−3.81 to 6.81;P=0.58;I^(2)=0%).Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock is beneficial,especially when using inferior vena cava-related measures and the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography.
