Zn powder anodes have attracted much attention in aqueous Zn ion battery applications due to advantages such as low cost and processability.However,the high-activity Zn powder anode faces problems such as side reactio...Zn powder anodes have attracted much attention in aqueous Zn ion battery applications due to advantages such as low cost and processability.However,the high-activity Zn powder anode faces problems such as side reactions,hydrogen evolution,and dendrites,which limit the cycling stability of the cell.In this work,the high activity of Zn powder is weakened by introducing low-cost erythritol as a functional additive in the ZnSO_(4) electrolyte to improve the cycle life of the cell.Both theoretical calculations and empirical evidence demonstrate that the incorporation of erythritol alters the coordination sphere of Zn^(2+)and modifies the local molecular architecture of the electrolyte.This modification serves to diminish the reactivity of water molecules,thereby efficaciously suppressing dendrite formation and deleterious ancillary reactions on the zinc powder anode surfaces.Concurrently,erythritol functions as an interfacial cationic captor,enhancing reaction dynamics and facilitating the development of a favorable protective layer throughout the zinc plating/stripping process.Consequently,the symmetric cell paired with an erythritol-containing electrolyte manifests stable cycling performance for an extended duration of 850 h at a current density of 0.288 mA cm^(-2)and areal capacity of 0.144 mAh cm^(-2).Notably,it maintains a cycling life of 400 h even under intensified conditions (2.88 mA cm^(-2)/1.44 mA h cm^(-2)).Furthermore,the constructed Na_(2)V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O full cell illustrated remarkable capacity retention of 155.8 mA h g^(-1)following 800 cycles at a high rate of 5 A g^(-1).展开更多
To explore the adaptive strategies of the clonal plant Phragmites australis in heterogeneous salt habitats,we conducted a pot control experiment with severing,salt heterogeneity and competition treatment using dominan...To explore the adaptive strategies of the clonal plant Phragmites australis in heterogeneous salt habitats,we conducted a pot control experiment with severing,salt heterogeneity and competition treatment using dominant plants from the Yellow River Delta,including P australis and Suaeda salsa.This study assessed the effects of salt heterogeneity,clonal integration and interspecific competition on the morphological and physiological traits of p.australis.The results showed that clonal integration significantly promoted root system growth and underground biomass accumulation of P.australis.Competition significantly reduced plant height,tiller number,leaf number,leaf length and internode length,inhibiting above-and underground biomass accumulation.Under the heterogeneous salt treatment,clonal integration significantly promoted only the rhizome biomass of P.australis.The S.salsa competition treatment significantly lowered the chlorophyll contents,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of P australis.Nevertheless,leaf length and width were maintained,potentially to minimize photoinhibition.Competition significantly reduced K^(+) contents in P.australis fine roots and rhizomes and Na^(+) contents in fine roots.The Na^(+) content of fine roots was significantly affected by competition,salt heterogeneity,severing treatment and the interaction between competition and severing treatment.In conclusion,competition significantly inhibited the growth,photosynthesis and ion content accumulation of P australis.Meanwhile,clonal integration promoted root growth,especially under heterogeneous salt conditions.Hence,this research provided a significant and deeper understanding of the ecological adaptive responses of clonal plants in coastal heterogeneous habitats.展开更多
The application of oil debris monitoring technology to lubricating oil has gained substantial prominence as a diagnostic tool for identifying machinery and equipment wear-related issues.Among the various methods avail...The application of oil debris monitoring technology to lubricating oil has gained substantial prominence as a diagnostic tool for identifying machinery and equipment wear-related issues.Among the various methods available for wear fault monitoring,the detection of changing electromagnetic fields using triple-coil inductive sensors are widely used because of its inherent simplicity of design and operational convenience in facilitating full-flow detection.However,the accuracy of this method is limited by several factors.In this study,an intricate simulation model of the internal magnetic field in a triple-coil inductive sensor was developed.Subsequently,the effects of the excitation signal frequency and wear particle composition on the magnetic flux density were analyzed.The simulation results show an optimal excitation frequency range of approximately 2100 kHz for ferromagnetic particle detection,whereas nonferromagnetic metal particles require higher excitation fre-quencies.With an increase in the distance between adjacent wear particles,the magnetic coupling effect de-creased rapidly.Moreover,the magnetic flux density changed from its maximum value to a minimum value as the rotation angle of the particles increased from 0°to 90°.A special experimental platform was constructed to verify the simulation results,and the experimental results were consistent with the simulation results.展开更多
基金supported by the Hunan Chenyu Fuji New Energy Technology Co. Ltd (2022zkhx501)the Hunan Province University Teaching Reform and Research Project (HNJG-20230364)the Ministry of Education’s Industry-University Cooperation and Collaborative Talent Development Program(231106707093309)。
文摘Zn powder anodes have attracted much attention in aqueous Zn ion battery applications due to advantages such as low cost and processability.However,the high-activity Zn powder anode faces problems such as side reactions,hydrogen evolution,and dendrites,which limit the cycling stability of the cell.In this work,the high activity of Zn powder is weakened by introducing low-cost erythritol as a functional additive in the ZnSO_(4) electrolyte to improve the cycle life of the cell.Both theoretical calculations and empirical evidence demonstrate that the incorporation of erythritol alters the coordination sphere of Zn^(2+)and modifies the local molecular architecture of the electrolyte.This modification serves to diminish the reactivity of water molecules,thereby efficaciously suppressing dendrite formation and deleterious ancillary reactions on the zinc powder anode surfaces.Concurrently,erythritol functions as an interfacial cationic captor,enhancing reaction dynamics and facilitating the development of a favorable protective layer throughout the zinc plating/stripping process.Consequently,the symmetric cell paired with an erythritol-containing electrolyte manifests stable cycling performance for an extended duration of 850 h at a current density of 0.288 mA cm^(-2)and areal capacity of 0.144 mAh cm^(-2).Notably,it maintains a cycling life of 400 h even under intensified conditions (2.88 mA cm^(-2)/1.44 mA h cm^(-2)).Furthermore,the constructed Na_(2)V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O full cell illustrated remarkable capacity retention of 155.8 mA h g^(-1)following 800 cycles at a high rate of 5 A g^(-1).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42471111)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023MD076).
文摘To explore the adaptive strategies of the clonal plant Phragmites australis in heterogeneous salt habitats,we conducted a pot control experiment with severing,salt heterogeneity and competition treatment using dominant plants from the Yellow River Delta,including P australis and Suaeda salsa.This study assessed the effects of salt heterogeneity,clonal integration and interspecific competition on the morphological and physiological traits of p.australis.The results showed that clonal integration significantly promoted root system growth and underground biomass accumulation of P.australis.Competition significantly reduced plant height,tiller number,leaf number,leaf length and internode length,inhibiting above-and underground biomass accumulation.Under the heterogeneous salt treatment,clonal integration significantly promoted only the rhizome biomass of P.australis.The S.salsa competition treatment significantly lowered the chlorophyll contents,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of P australis.Nevertheless,leaf length and width were maintained,potentially to minimize photoinhibition.Competition significantly reduced K^(+) contents in P.australis fine roots and rhizomes and Na^(+) contents in fine roots.The Na^(+) content of fine roots was significantly affected by competition,salt heterogeneity,severing treatment and the interaction between competition and severing treatment.In conclusion,competition significantly inhibited the growth,photosynthesis and ion content accumulation of P australis.Meanwhile,clonal integration promoted root growth,especially under heterogeneous salt conditions.Hence,this research provided a significant and deeper understanding of the ecological adaptive responses of clonal plants in coastal heterogeneous habitats.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975539)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018ZD55008)+5 种基金Program of the Innovation Research Team of Sci-tech of Hennan Province(Grant No.25IRTSTHN020)Scientific Research Team Plan of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics(Grant No.23ZHTD01004)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018ZD55008)Key Project of the Education Department of Henan Province of China(Grant No.25A590006)Key Science and Technique R&D Program of Henan Province of China(Grant Nos.252102220085,252102240134)The Talent Support Program of Henan Province(Grant No.254000510003).
文摘The application of oil debris monitoring technology to lubricating oil has gained substantial prominence as a diagnostic tool for identifying machinery and equipment wear-related issues.Among the various methods available for wear fault monitoring,the detection of changing electromagnetic fields using triple-coil inductive sensors are widely used because of its inherent simplicity of design and operational convenience in facilitating full-flow detection.However,the accuracy of this method is limited by several factors.In this study,an intricate simulation model of the internal magnetic field in a triple-coil inductive sensor was developed.Subsequently,the effects of the excitation signal frequency and wear particle composition on the magnetic flux density were analyzed.The simulation results show an optimal excitation frequency range of approximately 2100 kHz for ferromagnetic particle detection,whereas nonferromagnetic metal particles require higher excitation fre-quencies.With an increase in the distance between adjacent wear particles,the magnetic coupling effect de-creased rapidly.Moreover,the magnetic flux density changed from its maximum value to a minimum value as the rotation angle of the particles increased from 0°to 90°.A special experimental platform was constructed to verify the simulation results,and the experimental results were consistent with the simulation results.
