The potherb mustard Xuecai(XC)cultivar is a cruciferous vegetable that is popular either fresh or pickled.Due to the deep notches in the edges of leaves in mustard XC,this plant can be said to have multipinnately lobe...The potherb mustard Xuecai(XC)cultivar is a cruciferous vegetable that is popular either fresh or pickled.Due to the deep notches in the edges of leaves in mustard XC,this plant can be said to have multipinnately lobed leaves.The net photosynthesis of lobed leaves is significantly greater than that of simple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism of leaf shape variation has not been determined.Here,we used HiFi and Hi-C data to assemble the XC genome.The genome was 961.72 Mb in size,with a contig N50 value of 6.565 Mb.The XC genome was compared with four previously sequenced mustard genomes,and the genomic collinearity regions,SNPs,and indels were identified.Five BjRCO genes were found on chromosome(Chr.)A10 in potherb mustard XC when the BjRCO gene locus was compared against other sequenced B.juncea genomes.Segmental duplication was found to contribute to the BjRCO gene copy number.The transcript expression of BjRCO genes was greater in multipinnately lobed leaves than in sawtooth-like leaves.Together,these findings indicate that both the greater copy number and the expression level of BjRCO genes regulate leaf shape from simple to complex in B.juncea.Gene editing of the BjRCO gene from XC changed the leaf shape from multipinnately lobed to simple.The high-quality XC genome sequence not only provides new insight into B.juncea leaf-type genomics but also helps in deciphering leaf shape variation.Our study provides insights into the variation and evolution of important traits in Brassica plants through a comparative analysis of the sequenced genomes.展开更多
目的:筛选中药活性成分作为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致病性岛III(Salmonella pathogenicity island III,SPI-3)潜在毒力抑制剂。方法:通过分子对接技术明确中药成分与SPI-3中的MgtC蛋白的潜在结合关系。使用β-半乳糖苷酶测定法评估中药成分对mgt...目的:筛选中药活性成分作为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致病性岛III(Salmonella pathogenicity island III,SPI-3)潜在毒力抑制剂。方法:通过分子对接技术明确中药成分与SPI-3中的MgtC蛋白的潜在结合关系。使用β-半乳糖苷酶测定法评估中药成分对mgtC转录的影响。最后,通过评估细菌生长曲线和关键代谢基因的转录水平研究药物对细菌生长的影响。结果:所有27个候选中药成分均显示出与MgtC结合的潜力。阿魏酸、对羟基肉桂酸、牛蒡子苷和掌叶防己碱使mgtC的转录活性降低了15%以上。这四个成分对mgtC转录的最低抑制浓度分别为:阿魏酸16μM;对羟基肉桂酸40μM;牛蒡子苷80μM;掌叶防己碱160μM。此外,我们证实这四种成分均未抑制细菌生长。结论:在本研究中,我们建立了一种基于β-半乳糖苷酶测定法的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌毒力抑制剂筛选方法。以SPI-3为靶标,筛选了27种中药成分,发现有4种对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌毒力具有潜在的强效抑制作用。这为未来从草药中开发新型抗生素提供了先导化合物。这种方法也可用于筛选其他致病菌的毒力抑制剂。展开更多
One new and two known species of the subgenus Stegana(s.str.)from China are described or redescribed:S.(S.)helvipecta sp.nov.,S.(S.)furta(Linnaeus,1767)and S.(S.)taba Okada,1971.A total of 41 DNA sequences of partial ...One new and two known species of the subgenus Stegana(s.str.)from China are described or redescribed:S.(S.)helvipecta sp.nov.,S.(S.)furta(Linnaeus,1767)and S.(S.)taba Okada,1971.A total of 41 DNA sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene of 18 species of this subgenus are newly obtained in this study.These sequences along with other available barcoding sequences for this subgenus are incorporated in a molecular analysis using the neighbor-joining(NJ)method in order to assess the efficacy of DNA barcoding for delimiting these species.Habitus and a key to all Chinese Stegana(s.str.)species are provided.展开更多
A sandy,braided river is a typical type of river that exists in ancient and modern alluvial plains and is inherent with significant seasonal water discharge variations.The variations play an important role in the depo...A sandy,braided river is a typical type of river that exists in ancient and modern alluvial plains and is inherent with significant seasonal water discharge variations.The variations play an important role in the depositional process and the formation of the sedimentary architecture of braided rivers.In this paper,a braided river outcrop along the Yellow River in Fugu is used to describe the effects of seasonal hydrodynamic variations on braided river sedimentary architecture.The results show that the braided channel network exhibits two different patterns during flood period and normal period.During flood periods,the main braided channels surrounding channel bars and the secondary braided channels distributed on the top of the channel bars coexist,forming a highly braided channel network.Migration of the main braided channels control the formation of middle channel bars and side bars.The generation and evolution of the secondary braided channels reformed the upper part of preexisting channel bars and produced affiliated bars along their flow path.During the normal period,water levels decrease,causing the secondary river channels to be abandoned and forming abandoned channels,and only the main braided channels stay active.In the long term sedimentation process,strong water flow during the flood period continuously erodes pre-existing sediments and forms new sediments,while weak water flow during the normal period can only reform the main braided channels and their adjacent channel bar sediments.Based on differences in sedimentary processes and associated hydrodynamic conditions,braided river sediments are divided into two combinations.The strong hydrodynamic combination includes main braided channels,middle channel bar,and side bar,while the weak hydrodynamic combination includes secondary braided channels,abandoned channels,and affiliated bars.The proportion of strong hydrodynamic combinations is much larger than that of weak hydrodynamic combinations.Based on this,we construct a braided river sedimentary architecture model that is helpful for the fine characterization of subsurface oil and gas reservoirs.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002056)the Science and Technology Research Key Project of Henan Province,China(242102111138)。
文摘The potherb mustard Xuecai(XC)cultivar is a cruciferous vegetable that is popular either fresh or pickled.Due to the deep notches in the edges of leaves in mustard XC,this plant can be said to have multipinnately lobed leaves.The net photosynthesis of lobed leaves is significantly greater than that of simple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism of leaf shape variation has not been determined.Here,we used HiFi and Hi-C data to assemble the XC genome.The genome was 961.72 Mb in size,with a contig N50 value of 6.565 Mb.The XC genome was compared with four previously sequenced mustard genomes,and the genomic collinearity regions,SNPs,and indels were identified.Five BjRCO genes were found on chromosome(Chr.)A10 in potherb mustard XC when the BjRCO gene locus was compared against other sequenced B.juncea genomes.Segmental duplication was found to contribute to the BjRCO gene copy number.The transcript expression of BjRCO genes was greater in multipinnately lobed leaves than in sawtooth-like leaves.Together,these findings indicate that both the greater copy number and the expression level of BjRCO genes regulate leaf shape from simple to complex in B.juncea.Gene editing of the BjRCO gene from XC changed the leaf shape from multipinnately lobed to simple.The high-quality XC genome sequence not only provides new insight into B.juncea leaf-type genomics but also helps in deciphering leaf shape variation.Our study provides insights into the variation and evolution of important traits in Brassica plants through a comparative analysis of the sequenced genomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072247 and 82374154)National Key Research and Development Project of China(2022YFC3502300)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(L222150)Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical(BUCM-2022-JS-FW-076)Zhuhai Yourun Co.,Ltd.(BUCM-2023-JS-KF-018)
文摘目的:筛选中药活性成分作为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致病性岛III(Salmonella pathogenicity island III,SPI-3)潜在毒力抑制剂。方法:通过分子对接技术明确中药成分与SPI-3中的MgtC蛋白的潜在结合关系。使用β-半乳糖苷酶测定法评估中药成分对mgtC转录的影响。最后,通过评估细菌生长曲线和关键代谢基因的转录水平研究药物对细菌生长的影响。结果:所有27个候选中药成分均显示出与MgtC结合的潜力。阿魏酸、对羟基肉桂酸、牛蒡子苷和掌叶防己碱使mgtC的转录活性降低了15%以上。这四个成分对mgtC转录的最低抑制浓度分别为:阿魏酸16μM;对羟基肉桂酸40μM;牛蒡子苷80μM;掌叶防己碱160μM。此外,我们证实这四种成分均未抑制细菌生长。结论:在本研究中,我们建立了一种基于β-半乳糖苷酶测定法的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌毒力抑制剂筛选方法。以SPI-3为靶标,筛选了27种中药成分,发现有4种对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌毒力具有潜在的强效抑制作用。这为未来从草药中开发新型抗生素提供了先导化合物。这种方法也可用于筛选其他致病菌的毒力抑制剂。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672321,31093430)。
文摘One new and two known species of the subgenus Stegana(s.str.)from China are described or redescribed:S.(S.)helvipecta sp.nov.,S.(S.)furta(Linnaeus,1767)and S.(S.)taba Okada,1971.A total of 41 DNA sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene of 18 species of this subgenus are newly obtained in this study.These sequences along with other available barcoding sequences for this subgenus are incorporated in a molecular analysis using the neighbor-joining(NJ)method in order to assess the efficacy of DNA barcoding for delimiting these species.Habitus and a key to all Chinese Stegana(s.str.)species are provided.
文摘A sandy,braided river is a typical type of river that exists in ancient and modern alluvial plains and is inherent with significant seasonal water discharge variations.The variations play an important role in the depositional process and the formation of the sedimentary architecture of braided rivers.In this paper,a braided river outcrop along the Yellow River in Fugu is used to describe the effects of seasonal hydrodynamic variations on braided river sedimentary architecture.The results show that the braided channel network exhibits two different patterns during flood period and normal period.During flood periods,the main braided channels surrounding channel bars and the secondary braided channels distributed on the top of the channel bars coexist,forming a highly braided channel network.Migration of the main braided channels control the formation of middle channel bars and side bars.The generation and evolution of the secondary braided channels reformed the upper part of preexisting channel bars and produced affiliated bars along their flow path.During the normal period,water levels decrease,causing the secondary river channels to be abandoned and forming abandoned channels,and only the main braided channels stay active.In the long term sedimentation process,strong water flow during the flood period continuously erodes pre-existing sediments and forms new sediments,while weak water flow during the normal period can only reform the main braided channels and their adjacent channel bar sediments.Based on differences in sedimentary processes and associated hydrodynamic conditions,braided river sediments are divided into two combinations.The strong hydrodynamic combination includes main braided channels,middle channel bar,and side bar,while the weak hydrodynamic combination includes secondary braided channels,abandoned channels,and affiliated bars.The proportion of strong hydrodynamic combinations is much larger than that of weak hydrodynamic combinations.Based on this,we construct a braided river sedimentary architecture model that is helpful for the fine characterization of subsurface oil and gas reservoirs.
