A method was proposed to analyze the influences of the non-ideal spectroscopic performance of optical components and orientation errors of a laser tracing measurement optical system on the tracing measurement performa...A method was proposed to analyze the influences of the non-ideal spectroscopic performance of optical components and orientation errors of a laser tracing measurement optical system on the tracing measurement performance.A comprehensive model of the interference fringe contrast based on the laser tracing system s measurement principle was established in this study.Simulation results based on ZEMAX verified the model.According to the simulation results,the placement angle of the analyzer had a direct influence on the interference fringe contrast.When the angle of the polarized light to the analyzer’s transmission axis increased from 65°to 85°,each contrast of the four-way interference fringes decreased from 0.9996 to 0.3528,the interference fringe contrast is decreased by 65%.Under the split ratio of beam splitters in the interference part(BS 1)of 5∶5,when the splitting ratio of BS 2 changed from 2∶8 to 8∶2,the fringe contrast of the interference signals received by the photodetectors increased,but the injection light intensity onto the PSD reflected by BS 2 decreased.The significant influence of the tracing performance was verified by the experiments.When splitting ratio of BS 2 increased,the contrast of the interference fringes increased.Due to the weakening of the incident light intensity of the PSD caused by the change of BS 2 splitting ratio,the response time of the tracing system is increased by 23.7 ms.As a result,the tracing performance of the laser tracing measurement optical system was degraded.An important theoretical basis was provided to evaluate and improve the accuracy and reliability of laser tracing measurement systems.展开更多
Biochar is the carbon-rich product obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited condi-tions.Preparation methods contribute to biochar properties,which are widely concerned in the agronom...Biochar is the carbon-rich product obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited condi-tions.Preparation methods contribute to biochar properties,which are widely concerned in the agronomic and environmental benefits of agro-ecosystems.This research aims to use bibliometrics methods to comprehensively and objectively analyze the research trends in the global biochar production field from 2006 to 2019 based on the Web of Science Core Collection database.The results showed that 1434 papers related to biochar preparation were published,which gradually increased each year.The research topics were diversified,which were mainly divided into“Environmental Sciences and Ecology,”“Engineering”and“Agriculture”.Moreover,Bioresource Technology was the most published journal contained biochar preparation.Authors from China had the most publications,followed by the US,Australia and the UK.Meanwhile,Yong Sik Ok from Korea University contributed most of the publications and had the highest H-index.Keywords analysis indicated that biochar preparation by pyrolysis was a current hotspot,of which microwave and hydrothermal were a future research trend.Besides,gasification would be used to develop new biomass energy.Biochar has the characteristics of high pH,high specific surface area,high carbon content,and rich functional groups.It is mainly used in soil improvement,water pollutant adsorption,carbon sequestration and emission reduction,and energy storage materials,etc.Furthermore,raw materials,pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time will also affect its characteristics and applications.It is expected that this study may provide insight into the future research interests regarding biochar preparation.展开更多
Sprouts are increasingly welcomed and concerned by the people worldwide as functional and nutraceutical vegetables for human health.High-pressure processing(HPP)is the most successful case of industrial implementation...Sprouts are increasingly welcomed and concerned by the people worldwide as functional and nutraceutical vegetables for human health.High-pressure processing(HPP)is the most successful case of industrial implementation of a novel non-thermal processing technology.This review presents the effects of HHP on the growth,main nutrients,the biological activity and microbiological quality of sprouts,and the potential mechanisms were discussed.Further studies of the effects of HHP on nutritional and microbial quality of sprouts were also investigated.HHP can promote the growth of sprouts by increasing germination ratio,lengths of root and hypocotyl,and fresh weight under appropriate conditions.In addition,HHP can promote the breakdown of starch,protein and lipids,and the accumulation of biological active substances of sprouts,including phenolic compounds,GABA,vitamins,isothiocyanates andγ-oryzanol.The antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity are also significantly increased by the action of HHP on sprouts.Moreover,HHP can effectively kill microorganisms of seeds or sprouts under certain conditions.Therefore,the application of HHP in sprouts production has enormous potential health benefits to meet the wish of the people who want to eat safe,nutritious and high-quality vegetables in the future.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175491).
文摘A method was proposed to analyze the influences of the non-ideal spectroscopic performance of optical components and orientation errors of a laser tracing measurement optical system on the tracing measurement performance.A comprehensive model of the interference fringe contrast based on the laser tracing system s measurement principle was established in this study.Simulation results based on ZEMAX verified the model.According to the simulation results,the placement angle of the analyzer had a direct influence on the interference fringe contrast.When the angle of the polarized light to the analyzer’s transmission axis increased from 65°to 85°,each contrast of the four-way interference fringes decreased from 0.9996 to 0.3528,the interference fringe contrast is decreased by 65%.Under the split ratio of beam splitters in the interference part(BS 1)of 5∶5,when the splitting ratio of BS 2 changed from 2∶8 to 8∶2,the fringe contrast of the interference signals received by the photodetectors increased,but the injection light intensity onto the PSD reflected by BS 2 decreased.The significant influence of the tracing performance was verified by the experiments.When splitting ratio of BS 2 increased,the contrast of the interference fringes increased.Due to the weakening of the incident light intensity of the PSD caused by the change of BS 2 splitting ratio,the response time of the tracing system is increased by 23.7 ms.As a result,the tracing performance of the laser tracing measurement optical system was degraded.An important theoretical basis was provided to evaluate and improve the accuracy and reliability of laser tracing measurement systems.
基金This paper is funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1900904)Postgraduate Research Fund of Guizhou Province(No.YJSCXJH(2019)055).
文摘Biochar is the carbon-rich product obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited condi-tions.Preparation methods contribute to biochar properties,which are widely concerned in the agronomic and environmental benefits of agro-ecosystems.This research aims to use bibliometrics methods to comprehensively and objectively analyze the research trends in the global biochar production field from 2006 to 2019 based on the Web of Science Core Collection database.The results showed that 1434 papers related to biochar preparation were published,which gradually increased each year.The research topics were diversified,which were mainly divided into“Environmental Sciences and Ecology,”“Engineering”and“Agriculture”.Moreover,Bioresource Technology was the most published journal contained biochar preparation.Authors from China had the most publications,followed by the US,Australia and the UK.Meanwhile,Yong Sik Ok from Korea University contributed most of the publications and had the highest H-index.Keywords analysis indicated that biochar preparation by pyrolysis was a current hotspot,of which microwave and hydrothermal were a future research trend.Besides,gasification would be used to develop new biomass energy.Biochar has the characteristics of high pH,high specific surface area,high carbon content,and rich functional groups.It is mainly used in soil improvement,water pollutant adsorption,carbon sequestration and emission reduction,and energy storage materials,etc.Furthermore,raw materials,pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time will also affect its characteristics and applications.It is expected that this study may provide insight into the future research interests regarding biochar preparation.
基金supported by Science and Technology Program of University of Jinan(XKY1719)the Doctoral Fund Project of University of Jinan(XBS1701).
文摘Sprouts are increasingly welcomed and concerned by the people worldwide as functional and nutraceutical vegetables for human health.High-pressure processing(HPP)is the most successful case of industrial implementation of a novel non-thermal processing technology.This review presents the effects of HHP on the growth,main nutrients,the biological activity and microbiological quality of sprouts,and the potential mechanisms were discussed.Further studies of the effects of HHP on nutritional and microbial quality of sprouts were also investigated.HHP can promote the growth of sprouts by increasing germination ratio,lengths of root and hypocotyl,and fresh weight under appropriate conditions.In addition,HHP can promote the breakdown of starch,protein and lipids,and the accumulation of biological active substances of sprouts,including phenolic compounds,GABA,vitamins,isothiocyanates andγ-oryzanol.The antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity are also significantly increased by the action of HHP on sprouts.Moreover,HHP can effectively kill microorganisms of seeds or sprouts under certain conditions.Therefore,the application of HHP in sprouts production has enormous potential health benefits to meet the wish of the people who want to eat safe,nutritious and high-quality vegetables in the future.
