Efficient drug response prediction is crucial for reducing drug development costs and time,but current computational models struggle with limited experimental data and out-of-distribution issues between in vitro and i...Efficient drug response prediction is crucial for reducing drug development costs and time,but current computational models struggle with limited experimental data and out-of-distribution issues between in vitro and in vivo settings.To address this,we introduced drug response prediction meta-learner(metaDRP),a novel few-shot learning model designed to enhance predictive accuracy with limited sample sizes across diverse drug-tissue tasks.metaDRP achieves performance comparable to state-of-the-art models in both genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer(GDSC)drug screening and in vivo datasets,while effectively mitigating out-of-distribution problems,making it reliable for translating findings from controlled environments to clinical applications.Additionally,metaDRP's inherent interpretability offers reliable insights into drug mechanisms of action,such as elucidating the pathways and molecular targets of drugs like epothilone B and pemetrexed.This work provides a promising approach to overcoming data scarcity and out-of-distribution challenges in drug response prediction,while promoting the integration of few-shot learning in this field.展开更多
Objective:To understand the influence of public square dancing on the subjective well-being of middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:According to the principle of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and ...Objective:To understand the influence of public square dancing on the subjective well-being of middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:According to the principle of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we search Chinese databases,such as CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP,and English databases,such as Proquest,Web of Science,Pubmed,Cochrane,and ScienceDirect,and collect relevant articles at home and abroad from 2006 to December 2019 for meta-analysis in January 2020.Result:A total of 10 articles were included.The meta-analysis results showed that the well-being of middle-aged and elderly people in the public square dancing intervention group was significantly higher than that of the other exercise group and control group(both P<0.01).The results of the subgroup analysis showed the following:Different durations of intervention significantly influence the intervention effect(P<0.01).No difference was found between the effect of the mixed-gender intervention and the individual female intervention(P>0.05).No significant difference was found between the groups with weekly intervention frequency(P>0.05).Conclusion:Public square dancing intervention is effective for middle-aged and elderly people’s subjective well-being.Neither mixed intervention nor the times of weekly intervention have an impact on the intervention effect.However,the length of duration of intervention influences the intervention effect.展开更多
Computational analysis can accurately detect drug-gene interactions(DGIs)cost-effectively.However,transductive learning models are the hotspot to reveal the promising performance for unknown DGIs(both drugs and genes ...Computational analysis can accurately detect drug-gene interactions(DGIs)cost-effectively.However,transductive learning models are the hotspot to reveal the promising performance for unknown DGIs(both drugs and genes are present in the training model),without special attention to the unseen DGIs(both drugs and genes are absent in the training model).In view of this,this study,for the first time,proposed an inductive learning-based model for the precise identification of unseen DGIs.In our study,by integrating disease nodes to avoid data sparsity,a multi-relational drug-disease-gene(DDG)graph was constructed to achieve effective fusion of data on DDG intro-relationships and inter-actions.Following the extraction of graph features by utilizing graph embedding algorithms,our next step was the retrieval of the attributes of individual gene and drug nodes.In this way,a hybrid feature characterization was represented by integrating graph features and node attributes.Machine learning(ML)models were built,enabling the fulfillment of transductive predictions of unknown DGIs.To realize inductive learning,this study generated an innovative idea of transforming known node vectors derived from the DDG graph into representations of unseen nodes using node similarities as weights,enabling inductive predictions for the unseen DGIs.Consequently,the final model was superior to existing models,with significant improvement in predicting both external unknown and unseen DGIs.The practical feasibility of our model was further confirmed through case study and molecular docking.In summary,this study establishes an efficient data-driven approach through the proposed modeling,suggesting its value as a promising tool for accelerating drug discovery and repurposing.展开更多
Accurate prediction of drug-induced adverse drug reactions(ADRs)is crucial for drug safety evaluation,as it directly impacts public health and safety.While various models have shown promising results in predicting ADR...Accurate prediction of drug-induced adverse drug reactions(ADRs)is crucial for drug safety evaluation,as it directly impacts public health and safety.While various models have shown promising results in predicting ADRs,their accuracy still needs improvement.Additionally,many existing models often lack interpretability when linking molecular structures to specific ADRs and frequently rely on manually selected molecular fingerprints,which can introduce bias.To address these challenges,we propose ToxBERT,an efficient transformer encoder model that leverages attention and masking mechanisms for simplified molecular input line entry system(SMILES)representations.Our results demonstrate that ToxBERT achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)scores of 0.839,0.759,and 0.664 for predicting drug-induced QT prolongation(DIQT),rhabdomyolysis,and liver injury,respectively,outperforming previous studies.Furthermore,ToxBERT can identify drug substructures that are closely associated with specific ADRs.These findings indicate that ToxBERT is not only a valuable tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying specific drug-induced ADRs but also for mitigating potential ADRs in the drug discovery pipeline.展开更多
Background:Liver cancer continues to pose a global health challenge.In 2020,China accounted for nearly half of new liver cancer cases worldwide,with a low 5-year survival.This study aims to evaluate the evolving lands...Background:Liver cancer continues to pose a global health challenge.In 2020,China accounted for nearly half of new liver cancer cases worldwide,with a low 5-year survival.This study aims to evaluate the evolving landscape of the liver cancer burden in China.Methods:Data on prevalence,incidence,death,and disability-adjusted life year(DALY)attributed to liver cancer and its six etiologies in China between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Temporal trends in liver cancer burden were determined by percent changes and average annual percent change(AAPC).Decomposition analysis was conducted to understand the contributions of population aging,population growth,and epidemiological change to the observed trends.Results:In 2021,there were 265,539 prevalence cases of liver cancer in China accounting for 35.9%of the global total(739,300 prevalence cases).From 1990 to 2021,the prevalence cases,incidence cases,deaths,and DALYs attributed to liver cancer in China increased by 99.99%,103.91%,81.24%,and 48.41%,respectively,primarily driven by population aging,then population growth.Males experienced higher burden and percentage changes in prevalence,incidence,and DALYs than females.Meanwhile,decreasing trends were observed in overall age-standardized incidence,death,and DALY rates(AAPC:-0.32%,-0.79%,and-1.03%)and generally across sex groups and the six etiologies.Notably,there were increasing trends in age-standardized incidence rate of liver cancer due to alcohol use(AAPC:0.36%)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)(AAPC:0.44%).In 2021,hepatitis B,hepatitis C,and alcohol use were the main causes of liver cancer burden in China.There were age differences in the burden of liver cancer.The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 12.27%in 2021.Conclusions:Liver cancer cases increased dramatically over the past 30 years,primarily driven by population aging and growth,posing challenges to the control of liver cancer.Targeted interventions by sex,etiology,and age are needed to address the burden effectively.展开更多
GTs(Glycosyltransferases)are important in plant growth and abiotic stresses.However,its role in maize heat response is far from clear.Here,we describe the constitutively expressed UDP-glycosyltransferase ZmUGT92A1,whi...GTs(Glycosyltransferases)are important in plant growth and abiotic stresses.However,its role in maize heat response is far from clear.Here,we describe the constitutively expressed UDP-glycosyltransferase ZmUGT92A1,which has a highly conserved PSPG box and is localized in chloroplasts,is induced under heat stress.Functional disruption of ZmUGT92A1 leads to heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation in maize.Metabolomics analysis revealed that ZmUGT92A1 affected multiple metabolic pathways and altered the metabolic homeostasis of flavonoids under heat stress.In vitro assay showed ZmUGT92A1 exhibits glycosyltransferase activity on flavonoids and hormones.Additionally,we identified a rapidly heat-induced transcription factor,ZmHSF08,which can directly bind and repress the promoter region of ZmUGT92A1.The ZmHSF08 overexpression line exhibits heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation.These findings reveal that the ZmHSF08-ZmUGT92A1 module plays a role in heat tolerance in maize and provide candidate strategies for the development of heat-tolerant varieties.展开更多
Many per-and polyfluoralkyl substances(PFASs)may disrupt maternal thyroid hormone homeostasis in pregnancy.Concerns should be raised regarding the PFASs exposure in pregnant women because thyroid hormones are involved...Many per-and polyfluoralkyl substances(PFASs)may disrupt maternal thyroid hormone homeostasis in pregnancy.Concerns should be raised regarding the PFASs exposure in pregnant women because thyroid hormones are involved in the early development of the fetus.In this study,we measured the concentrations of 13 PFASs,including five novel shortchain PFASs,in serum from 123 pregnant women in Beijing,China.Linear regression models were used to investigate the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)or free thyroxine(FT4)levels and PFASs concentrations under consideration of the impacts of pregnancy-induced physiological factors.We found that perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)(β=0.189,95%CI=-0.039,0.417,p=0.10)and perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA)(β=-0.554,95%CI=-1.16,0.049,p=0.071)were suggestive of significant association with TSH in thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)negative women.No association was observed between all PFASs and FT4 levels after controlling for these confounding factors,such as BMI,gestational weight gain and maternal age.These findings suggest that it should pay more attention to the association between thyroid hormone levels and short-chain PFASs concentrations.Future studies could consider a greater sample and the inclusion of other clinical indicators of thyroid function,such as free T3 and total T3.展开更多
It has been confirmed in previous studies that there is a positive correlation between physical activity and hope.In this study,rural left-behind children in China was taken as the participants to investigate the impa...It has been confirmed in previous studies that there is a positive correlation between physical activity and hope.In this study,rural left-behind children in China was taken as the participants to investigate the impact of physical activity on hope in rural left-behind children and examine the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between physical activity and hope.797 valid copies of the questionnaire were collected from China.Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to analyze the relationship between physical activity and hope;SEM and Bootstrap were used to test the mediating effect of perceived social support.The results show that physical activity can not only directly and positively predict the level of hope in rural leftbehind children but can also predict the level of hope through perceived social support;perceived social support plays a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and hope.These results highlight the necessity to pay more attention to the physical activity of left-behind children and the possibility to improve the level of hope by increasing their physical activity;at the same time,the acquisition of more material,emotional and psychological support from teachers and guardians is more conducive to improving the sense of hope in left-behind children.These findings can deepen the understanding of the sense of hope in left-behind children,and provide new methods for and enlightenments on improving the level of hope in left-behind children.展开更多
Background:The mental health of left-behind rural children of China has become a prominent social problem.At the same time,psychological capital has become a positive psychological resource to promote personal growth....Background:The mental health of left-behind rural children of China has become a prominent social problem.At the same time,psychological capital has become a positive psychological resource to promote personal growth.However,the relationship between psychological capital and mental health of left-behind rural children has not been explored.Method:A total of 332 left-behind rural children were investigated using a questionnaire of psychological capital and mental health scale.The psychological capital status of left-behind rural children and its impact on mental health were analyzed.Results:(1)Left-behind rural children were found to have a psychological capital score of was 3.16±0.56;Gender,age,grade,and school style had no significant effect on psychological capital.(2)Left-behind rural children obtained a mental health score of 2.21±0.5 G and gender,age,grade,and school style had no significant effect on mental health.(3)A significant negative correlation is found between psychological capital and mental health scores of left-behind rural children.Regression analysis shows that psychological capital is negatively correlated with mental health scores.Conclusion:The psychological capital of left-behind rural children can positively predict their mental health,and thus developing the former can promote the latter.展开更多
Identification of the drug-binding residues on the surface of proteins is a vital step in drug discovery and it is important for understanding protein function. Most previous researches are based on the structural inf...Identification of the drug-binding residues on the surface of proteins is a vital step in drug discovery and it is important for understanding protein function. Most previous researches are based on the structural information of proteins, but the structures of most proteins are not available. So in this article, a sequence-based method was proposed by combining the support vector machine (SVM)-based ensemble learning and the improved position specific scoring matrix (PSSM). In order to take the local environment information of a drug-binding site into account, an improved PSSM profile scaled by the sliding window and smoothing window was used to improve the prediction result. In addition, a new SVM-based ensemble learning method was developed to deal with the imbalanced data classification problem that commonly exists in the binding site predictions. When performed on the dataset of 985 drug-binding residues, the method achieved a very promising prediction result with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9264. Furthermore, an independent dataset of 349 drug- binding residues was used to evaluate the pre- diction model and the prediction accuracy is 84.68%. These results suggest that our method is effective for predicting the drug-binding sites in proteins. The code and all datasets used in this article are freely available at http://cic.scu.edu.cn/bioinformatics/Ensem_DBS.zip.展开更多
In living cells, proteins are dynamically connec ted through biochemical reactions, so its functi onal features are properly encoded into protein protein interaction networks (PINs). Up to pres ent, many efforts have ...In living cells, proteins are dynamically connec ted through biochemical reactions, so its functi onal features are properly encoded into protein protein interaction networks (PINs). Up to pres ent, many efforts have been devoted to exploring the basic feature of PINs. However, it is still a challenging problem to explore a universal pr operty of PINs. Here we employed the complex networks theory to analyze the proteinprotein interactions from Database of Interacting Prot ein. Complex tree: the unique framework of PINs was revealed by three topological properties of the giant component of PINs (GCOP), including rightskewed degree distributions, relatively sm all clustering coefficients and short characteristic path lengths. Furthermore, we proposed a no nlinearly growth model: complex tree model to reflect the tree framework, the simulation resu lts of this model showed that GCOPs were well represented by our model, which could be help ful for understanding the treestructure: basic framework of PINs. Source code and binaries freely available for download at http://cic.scu. edu.cn/bioinformatics/STM/STM_code.rar.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Men who have sex with men(MSM)bear a disproportionate burden of new human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections and young MSM demonstrate parallel internet-driven HIV incident in...What is already known about this topic?Men who have sex with men(MSM)bear a disproportionate burden of new human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections and young MSM demonstrate parallel internet-driven HIV incident infection and dynamic social network.What is added by this report?The HIV positive prevalence and incidence among college MSM were 3.8%and 2.9 per 100 person-years,respectively,while these rates were 13.9%and 10.5 per 100 person-years,respectively,among their social contacts.The overall HIV positive prevalence was 7.2%in Northeast China.HIV-positive MSM have comparatively more social contacts than HIVseronegative MSM.What are the implications for public health practice?Hyper-linkages found in app-based social networks play an important role in HIV transmission via risky sexual behavior and suggest options for online intervention to promote HIV prevention.展开更多
Respiratory infections and tuberculosis ranked as the second leading global causes of mortality in 2021.Following the methodology from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,we aimed to estimate the attributable ...Respiratory infections and tuberculosis ranked as the second leading global causes of mortality in 2021.Following the methodology from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,we aimed to estimate the attributable burden and risk factors of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among China’s population under 20 from 1990 to 2021.In 2021,there were 652 million new cases and 12699 deaths of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among people under 20 years old in China.We estimated 9054(71.2%)deaths and 818498(54.6%)disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)from respiratory infections attributed to all evaluated risk factors.Mortality rates were the highest in Xizang,Xinjiang,and Qinghai in 2021,while they constantly decreased since 1990.Ambient particulate matter pollution was the second leading cause of death among males and first among females,accounting for nearly 1/5 of deaths from respiratory infections and tuberculosis in 2021.In 23 of 33 provinces,ambient particulate matter pollution was the first leading cause of death and DALY,while in Xizang and Gansu,it was not the major contributor to the burden.From 1990 to 2021,the burden from household air pollution declined remarkably in all 33 provinces except for Xizang and Gansu,while the population attributable fraction(PAF)of ambient particulate matter pollution continuously increased.The overall burden of respiratory infections and tuberculosis showed a declining trend,while it remained a fatal threat to infants in relatively less developed regions.The raised hazard of ambient particulate matter pollution underscored the necessity of the shift into the formulation of prevention and intervention strategies.展开更多
Background:Enteric infections impose a substantial global health burden annually,especially in countries with inadequate sanitation.This study aims to assess the trends in the burden of enteric infections in China.Met...Background:Enteric infections impose a substantial global health burden annually,especially in countries with inadequate sanitation.This study aims to assess the trends in the burden of enteric infections in China.Methods:Prevalence,incidence,deaths,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)attributed to enteric infections by etiology in China were leveraged from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Temporal trends in the burden of enteric infections from 1990 to 2021 were determined by percent changes and average annual percent change(AAPC).Decomposition analysis for percent changes was conducted to understand the contributions of demographic and epidemiological changes.Results:In 2021,China bore 75.15 million incidence cases and 5,590 deaths from enteric infections,with age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of 59.04 per 100,000 and 0.44 per 100,000,respectively.Substan-tial decreases,mainly driven by epidemiological changes,were observed in incidence cases(−74.12%),deaths(−94.09%),and DALYs(−95.60%)from 1990 to 2021.Simultaneously,age-standardized incidence,mortality,and DALY rates showed decreasing trends for enteric infections and the subtypes in China.Diarrheal diseases were consistently the main constituent of the burden of enteric infections in China.Conclusions:From 1990 to 2021,China has made significant strides in the control of enteric infections.This study underscores the need for continued efforts for the improvement of the health system,and enhanced interventions and health promotion strategies for both young and older populations.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing is a critical tool in reducing HIV transmission among men who have sex with men(MSM);young MSM frequently use mobile phone applic...Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing is a critical tool in reducing HIV transmission among men who have sex with men(MSM);young MSM frequently use mobile phone applications and participate in social hook-ups.展开更多
基金the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:22173065)the funding from Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(Grant No.:2023NSFSC0633).
文摘Efficient drug response prediction is crucial for reducing drug development costs and time,but current computational models struggle with limited experimental data and out-of-distribution issues between in vitro and in vivo settings.To address this,we introduced drug response prediction meta-learner(metaDRP),a novel few-shot learning model designed to enhance predictive accuracy with limited sample sizes across diverse drug-tissue tasks.metaDRP achieves performance comparable to state-of-the-art models in both genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer(GDSC)drug screening and in vivo datasets,while effectively mitigating out-of-distribution problems,making it reliable for translating findings from controlled environments to clinical applications.Additionally,metaDRP's inherent interpretability offers reliable insights into drug mechanisms of action,such as elucidating the pathways and molecular targets of drugs like epothilone B and pemetrexed.This work provides a promising approach to overcoming data scarcity and out-of-distribution challenges in drug response prediction,while promoting the integration of few-shot learning in this field.
基金funded by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2019JJ50095)from Yujia Ren.
文摘Objective:To understand the influence of public square dancing on the subjective well-being of middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:According to the principle of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we search Chinese databases,such as CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP,and English databases,such as Proquest,Web of Science,Pubmed,Cochrane,and ScienceDirect,and collect relevant articles at home and abroad from 2006 to December 2019 for meta-analysis in January 2020.Result:A total of 10 articles were included.The meta-analysis results showed that the well-being of middle-aged and elderly people in the public square dancing intervention group was significantly higher than that of the other exercise group and control group(both P<0.01).The results of the subgroup analysis showed the following:Different durations of intervention significantly influence the intervention effect(P<0.01).No difference was found between the effect of the mixed-gender intervention and the individual female intervention(P>0.05).No significant difference was found between the groups with weekly intervention frequency(P>0.05).Conclusion:Public square dancing intervention is effective for middle-aged and elderly people’s subjective well-being.Neither mixed intervention nor the times of weekly intervention have an impact on the intervention effect.However,the length of duration of intervention influences the intervention effect.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:22173065)the Sichuan International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Project,China(Grant No.:24GJHZ0431).
文摘Computational analysis can accurately detect drug-gene interactions(DGIs)cost-effectively.However,transductive learning models are the hotspot to reveal the promising performance for unknown DGIs(both drugs and genes are present in the training model),without special attention to the unseen DGIs(both drugs and genes are absent in the training model).In view of this,this study,for the first time,proposed an inductive learning-based model for the precise identification of unseen DGIs.In our study,by integrating disease nodes to avoid data sparsity,a multi-relational drug-disease-gene(DDG)graph was constructed to achieve effective fusion of data on DDG intro-relationships and inter-actions.Following the extraction of graph features by utilizing graph embedding algorithms,our next step was the retrieval of the attributes of individual gene and drug nodes.In this way,a hybrid feature characterization was represented by integrating graph features and node attributes.Machine learning(ML)models were built,enabling the fulfillment of transductive predictions of unknown DGIs.To realize inductive learning,this study generated an innovative idea of transforming known node vectors derived from the DDG graph into representations of unseen nodes using node similarities as weights,enabling inductive predictions for the unseen DGIs.Consequently,the final model was superior to existing models,with significant improvement in predicting both external unknown and unseen DGIs.The practical feasibility of our model was further confirmed through case study and molecular docking.In summary,this study establishes an efficient data-driven approach through the proposed modeling,suggesting its value as a promising tool for accelerating drug discovery and repurposing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:22173065 and 21575094).
文摘Accurate prediction of drug-induced adverse drug reactions(ADRs)is crucial for drug safety evaluation,as it directly impacts public health and safety.While various models have shown promising results in predicting ADRs,their accuracy still needs improvement.Additionally,many existing models often lack interpretability when linking molecular structures to specific ADRs and frequently rely on manually selected molecular fingerprints,which can introduce bias.To address these challenges,we propose ToxBERT,an efficient transformer encoder model that leverages attention and masking mechanisms for simplified molecular input line entry system(SMILES)representations.Our results demonstrate that ToxBERT achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)scores of 0.839,0.759,and 0.664 for predicting drug-induced QT prolongation(DIQT),rhabdomyolysis,and liver injury,respectively,outperforming previous studies.Furthermore,ToxBERT can identify drug substructures that are closely associated with specific ADRs.These findings indicate that ToxBERT is not only a valuable tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying specific drug-induced ADRs but also for mitigating potential ADRs in the drug discovery pipeline.
基金supported by grants from the High-Level Public Health Specialized Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(No.2024-3-028)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72061137007).
文摘Background:Liver cancer continues to pose a global health challenge.In 2020,China accounted for nearly half of new liver cancer cases worldwide,with a low 5-year survival.This study aims to evaluate the evolving landscape of the liver cancer burden in China.Methods:Data on prevalence,incidence,death,and disability-adjusted life year(DALY)attributed to liver cancer and its six etiologies in China between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Temporal trends in liver cancer burden were determined by percent changes and average annual percent change(AAPC).Decomposition analysis was conducted to understand the contributions of population aging,population growth,and epidemiological change to the observed trends.Results:In 2021,there were 265,539 prevalence cases of liver cancer in China accounting for 35.9%of the global total(739,300 prevalence cases).From 1990 to 2021,the prevalence cases,incidence cases,deaths,and DALYs attributed to liver cancer in China increased by 99.99%,103.91%,81.24%,and 48.41%,respectively,primarily driven by population aging,then population growth.Males experienced higher burden and percentage changes in prevalence,incidence,and DALYs than females.Meanwhile,decreasing trends were observed in overall age-standardized incidence,death,and DALY rates(AAPC:-0.32%,-0.79%,and-1.03%)and generally across sex groups and the six etiologies.Notably,there were increasing trends in age-standardized incidence rate of liver cancer due to alcohol use(AAPC:0.36%)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)(AAPC:0.44%).In 2021,hepatitis B,hepatitis C,and alcohol use were the main causes of liver cancer burden in China.There were age differences in the burden of liver cancer.The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 12.27%in 2021.Conclusions:Liver cancer cases increased dramatically over the past 30 years,primarily driven by population aging and growth,posing challenges to the control of liver cancer.Targeted interventions by sex,etiology,and age are needed to address the burden effectively.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1000301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771805)。
文摘GTs(Glycosyltransferases)are important in plant growth and abiotic stresses.However,its role in maize heat response is far from clear.Here,we describe the constitutively expressed UDP-glycosyltransferase ZmUGT92A1,which has a highly conserved PSPG box and is localized in chloroplasts,is induced under heat stress.Functional disruption of ZmUGT92A1 leads to heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation in maize.Metabolomics analysis revealed that ZmUGT92A1 affected multiple metabolic pathways and altered the metabolic homeostasis of flavonoids under heat stress.In vitro assay showed ZmUGT92A1 exhibits glycosyltransferase activity on flavonoids and hormones.Additionally,we identified a rapidly heat-induced transcription factor,ZmHSF08,which can directly bind and repress the promoter region of ZmUGT92A1.The ZmHSF08 overexpression line exhibits heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation.These findings reveal that the ZmHSF08-ZmUGT92A1 module plays a role in heat tolerance in maize and provide candidate strategies for the development of heat-tolerant varieties.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFA0901200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21876194 and 21677170)
文摘Many per-and polyfluoralkyl substances(PFASs)may disrupt maternal thyroid hormone homeostasis in pregnancy.Concerns should be raised regarding the PFASs exposure in pregnant women because thyroid hormones are involved in the early development of the fetus.In this study,we measured the concentrations of 13 PFASs,including five novel shortchain PFASs,in serum from 123 pregnant women in Beijing,China.Linear regression models were used to investigate the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)or free thyroxine(FT4)levels and PFASs concentrations under consideration of the impacts of pregnancy-induced physiological factors.We found that perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)(β=0.189,95%CI=-0.039,0.417,p=0.10)and perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA)(β=-0.554,95%CI=-1.16,0.049,p=0.071)were suggestive of significant association with TSH in thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)negative women.No association was observed between all PFASs and FT4 levels after controlling for these confounding factors,such as BMI,gestational weight gain and maternal age.These findings suggest that it should pay more attention to the association between thyroid hormone levels and short-chain PFASs concentrations.Future studies could consider a greater sample and the inclusion of other clinical indicators of thyroid function,such as free T3 and total T3.
基金This study was supported by The National Social Science Fund of China(17BTY043).
文摘It has been confirmed in previous studies that there is a positive correlation between physical activity and hope.In this study,rural left-behind children in China was taken as the participants to investigate the impact of physical activity on hope in rural left-behind children and examine the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between physical activity and hope.797 valid copies of the questionnaire were collected from China.Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to analyze the relationship between physical activity and hope;SEM and Bootstrap were used to test the mediating effect of perceived social support.The results show that physical activity can not only directly and positively predict the level of hope in rural leftbehind children but can also predict the level of hope through perceived social support;perceived social support plays a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and hope.These results highlight the necessity to pay more attention to the physical activity of left-behind children and the possibility to improve the level of hope by increasing their physical activity;at the same time,the acquisition of more material,emotional and psychological support from teachers and guardians is more conducive to improving the sense of hope in left-behind children.These findings can deepen the understanding of the sense of hope in left-behind children,and provide new methods for and enlightenments on improving the level of hope in left-behind children.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(17BTY043).
文摘Background:The mental health of left-behind rural children of China has become a prominent social problem.At the same time,psychological capital has become a positive psychological resource to promote personal growth.However,the relationship between psychological capital and mental health of left-behind rural children has not been explored.Method:A total of 332 left-behind rural children were investigated using a questionnaire of psychological capital and mental health scale.The psychological capital status of left-behind rural children and its impact on mental health were analyzed.Results:(1)Left-behind rural children were found to have a psychological capital score of was 3.16±0.56;Gender,age,grade,and school style had no significant effect on psychological capital.(2)Left-behind rural children obtained a mental health score of 2.21±0.5 G and gender,age,grade,and school style had no significant effect on mental health.(3)A significant negative correlation is found between psychological capital and mental health scores of left-behind rural children.Regression analysis shows that psychological capital is negatively correlated with mental health scores.Conclusion:The psychological capital of left-behind rural children can positively predict their mental health,and thus developing the former can promote the latter.
文摘Identification of the drug-binding residues on the surface of proteins is a vital step in drug discovery and it is important for understanding protein function. Most previous researches are based on the structural information of proteins, but the structures of most proteins are not available. So in this article, a sequence-based method was proposed by combining the support vector machine (SVM)-based ensemble learning and the improved position specific scoring matrix (PSSM). In order to take the local environment information of a drug-binding site into account, an improved PSSM profile scaled by the sliding window and smoothing window was used to improve the prediction result. In addition, a new SVM-based ensemble learning method was developed to deal with the imbalanced data classification problem that commonly exists in the binding site predictions. When performed on the dataset of 985 drug-binding residues, the method achieved a very promising prediction result with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9264. Furthermore, an independent dataset of 349 drug- binding residues was used to evaluate the pre- diction model and the prediction accuracy is 84.68%. These results suggest that our method is effective for predicting the drug-binding sites in proteins. The code and all datasets used in this article are freely available at http://cic.scu.edu.cn/bioinformatics/Ensem_DBS.zip.
文摘In living cells, proteins are dynamically connec ted through biochemical reactions, so its functi onal features are properly encoded into protein protein interaction networks (PINs). Up to pres ent, many efforts have been devoted to exploring the basic feature of PINs. However, it is still a challenging problem to explore a universal pr operty of PINs. Here we employed the complex networks theory to analyze the proteinprotein interactions from Database of Interacting Prot ein. Complex tree: the unique framework of PINs was revealed by three topological properties of the giant component of PINs (GCOP), including rightskewed degree distributions, relatively sm all clustering coefficients and short characteristic path lengths. Furthermore, we proposed a no nlinearly growth model: complex tree model to reflect the tree framework, the simulation resu lts of this model showed that GCOPs were well represented by our model, which could be help ful for understanding the treestructure: basic framework of PINs. Source code and binaries freely available for download at http://cic.scu. edu.cn/bioinformatics/STM/STM_code.rar.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061137007,81673232)Dr.Vermund supported in part by NIH grant number P30MH062294.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Men who have sex with men(MSM)bear a disproportionate burden of new human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections and young MSM demonstrate parallel internet-driven HIV incident infection and dynamic social network.What is added by this report?The HIV positive prevalence and incidence among college MSM were 3.8%and 2.9 per 100 person-years,respectively,while these rates were 13.9%and 10.5 per 100 person-years,respectively,among their social contacts.The overall HIV positive prevalence was 7.2%in Northeast China.HIV-positive MSM have comparatively more social contacts than HIVseronegative MSM.What are the implications for public health practice?Hyper-linkages found in app-based social networks play an important role in HIV transmission via risky sexual behavior and suggest options for online intervention to promote HIV prevention.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ24047).
文摘Respiratory infections and tuberculosis ranked as the second leading global causes of mortality in 2021.Following the methodology from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,we aimed to estimate the attributable burden and risk factors of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among China’s population under 20 from 1990 to 2021.In 2021,there were 652 million new cases and 12699 deaths of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among people under 20 years old in China.We estimated 9054(71.2%)deaths and 818498(54.6%)disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)from respiratory infections attributed to all evaluated risk factors.Mortality rates were the highest in Xizang,Xinjiang,and Qinghai in 2021,while they constantly decreased since 1990.Ambient particulate matter pollution was the second leading cause of death among males and first among females,accounting for nearly 1/5 of deaths from respiratory infections and tuberculosis in 2021.In 23 of 33 provinces,ambient particulate matter pollution was the first leading cause of death and DALY,while in Xizang and Gansu,it was not the major contributor to the burden.From 1990 to 2021,the burden from household air pollution declined remarkably in all 33 provinces except for Xizang and Gansu,while the population attributable fraction(PAF)of ambient particulate matter pollution continuously increased.The overall burden of respiratory infections and tuberculosis showed a declining trend,while it remained a fatal threat to infants in relatively less developed regions.The raised hazard of ambient particulate matter pollution underscored the necessity of the shift into the formulation of prevention and intervention strategies.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Peking Union Medical College(grant No.3332025108)the Peking Union Medical College Hospital Talent Cultivation Program(Category D-No.UHB60119).
文摘Background:Enteric infections impose a substantial global health burden annually,especially in countries with inadequate sanitation.This study aims to assess the trends in the burden of enteric infections in China.Methods:Prevalence,incidence,deaths,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)attributed to enteric infections by etiology in China were leveraged from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Temporal trends in the burden of enteric infections from 1990 to 2021 were determined by percent changes and average annual percent change(AAPC).Decomposition analysis for percent changes was conducted to understand the contributions of demographic and epidemiological changes.Results:In 2021,China bore 75.15 million incidence cases and 5,590 deaths from enteric infections,with age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of 59.04 per 100,000 and 0.44 per 100,000,respectively.Substan-tial decreases,mainly driven by epidemiological changes,were observed in incidence cases(−74.12%),deaths(−94.09%),and DALYs(−95.60%)from 1990 to 2021.Simultaneously,age-standardized incidence,mortality,and DALY rates showed decreasing trends for enteric infections and the subtypes in China.Diarrheal diseases were consistently the main constituent of the burden of enteric infections in China.Conclusions:From 1990 to 2021,China has made significant strides in the control of enteric infections.This study underscores the need for continued efforts for the improvement of the health system,and enhanced interventions and health promotion strategies for both young and older populations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061137007,81673232)NIH grant number P30MH062294.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing is a critical tool in reducing HIV transmission among men who have sex with men(MSM);young MSM frequently use mobile phone applications and participate in social hook-ups.
