AIM:To study the inflammatory microenvironment and expression of chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in nude mice.METHODS:CBRH-7919 HCC cells were injected into the subcutaneous region of nude mice.Beginning t...AIM:To study the inflammatory microenvironment and expression of chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in nude mice.METHODS:CBRH-7919 HCC cells were injected into the subcutaneous region of nude mice.Beginning two weeks after the challenge,tumor growth was measured every week for six weeks.The stromal microenvironment and inflammatory cell infiltration was assessed by immunohistochemistry in paired tumor and adjacent peritumoral samples,and macrophage phenotype was assessed using double-stain immunohistochemistry incorporating expression of an intracellular enzyme.A chemokine PCR array,comprised of 98 genes,was used to screen differential gene expressions,which were validated by Western blotting.Additionally,expression of identified chemokines was knocked-down by RNA interference,and the effect on tumor growth was assessed.RESULTS:Inflammatory cell infiltrates are a key feature of adjacent peritumoral tissues with increased macrophage,neutrophil,and T cell(specifically helperand activated subsets)infiltration.Macrophages within adjacent peritumoral tissues express inducible nitric oxide synthase,suggestive of a proinflammatory phenotype.Fifty-one genes were identified in tumor tissues during the progression period,including 50that were overexpressed(including CXCL1,CXCL2 and CXCL3)and three that were underexpressed(CXCR1,Ifg and Actb).RNA interference of CXCL1 in the CBRH-7919 cells decreased the growth of tumors in nude mice and inhibited expression of CXCL2,CXCL3and interleukin-1βprotein.CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that CXCL1plays a critical role in tumor growth and may serve as a potential molecular target for use in HCC therapy.展开更多
Electrolytic manganese residue(EMR) is the waste slag generated from the electrolysis manganese industry.As a promising exploitable adsorbent,EMR has become a hot research topic.However,EMR’s low adsorption capacity ...Electrolytic manganese residue(EMR) is the waste slag generated from the electrolysis manganese industry.As a promising exploitable adsorbent,EMR has become a hot research topic.However,EMR’s low adsorption capacity has limited its applications as an efficient adsorbent.In this study,the EMR was mixed with serpentine and calcined(at 800℃ for 2 h) to prepare a composite adsorbent(S-EMR) with its specific surface area of 11.998 m^(2)·g^(-1)(increased compared to the original EMR) and improved adsorption capacities for Cd^(2+)(98.05 mg·g^(-1)) and Pb^(2+)(565.81 mg·g^(-1)).Kinetic studies have shown that the pseudo-first-order kinetics(PSO)model could best describe the adsorption kinetics of S-EMR for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+),implying that the chemisorption process is the rate-limiting step.The effects of different interfering ions on S-EMR’ s adsorption for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+)may be due to the difference in their electronegativity.Results of response surface methodology tests showed that pH had the highest influence on adsorption,and the removal efficiency of S-EMR reached 99.92% for Cd(Ⅱ) and 94.00%for Pb(Ⅱ).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analyses revealed that chemical precipitation was the predominant mechanism for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+)removal,and the adsorption mechanisms were associated with ion exchange and electrostatic attraction.The results showed that S-EMR could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd(Ⅱ)/Pb(Ⅱ) from water bodies,rendering dual benefits of pollution control and resource recovery.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81072954
文摘AIM:To study the inflammatory microenvironment and expression of chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in nude mice.METHODS:CBRH-7919 HCC cells were injected into the subcutaneous region of nude mice.Beginning two weeks after the challenge,tumor growth was measured every week for six weeks.The stromal microenvironment and inflammatory cell infiltration was assessed by immunohistochemistry in paired tumor and adjacent peritumoral samples,and macrophage phenotype was assessed using double-stain immunohistochemistry incorporating expression of an intracellular enzyme.A chemokine PCR array,comprised of 98 genes,was used to screen differential gene expressions,which were validated by Western blotting.Additionally,expression of identified chemokines was knocked-down by RNA interference,and the effect on tumor growth was assessed.RESULTS:Inflammatory cell infiltrates are a key feature of adjacent peritumoral tissues with increased macrophage,neutrophil,and T cell(specifically helperand activated subsets)infiltration.Macrophages within adjacent peritumoral tissues express inducible nitric oxide synthase,suggestive of a proinflammatory phenotype.Fifty-one genes were identified in tumor tissues during the progression period,including 50that were overexpressed(including CXCL1,CXCL2 and CXCL3)and three that were underexpressed(CXCR1,Ifg and Actb).RNA interference of CXCL1 in the CBRH-7919 cells decreased the growth of tumors in nude mice and inhibited expression of CXCL2,CXCL3and interleukin-1βprotein.CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that CXCL1plays a critical role in tumor growth and may serve as a potential molecular target for use in HCC therapy.
基金financially supported by the Open-Up and Innovation Funds of Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory (No.SK211004)。
文摘Electrolytic manganese residue(EMR) is the waste slag generated from the electrolysis manganese industry.As a promising exploitable adsorbent,EMR has become a hot research topic.However,EMR’s low adsorption capacity has limited its applications as an efficient adsorbent.In this study,the EMR was mixed with serpentine and calcined(at 800℃ for 2 h) to prepare a composite adsorbent(S-EMR) with its specific surface area of 11.998 m^(2)·g^(-1)(increased compared to the original EMR) and improved adsorption capacities for Cd^(2+)(98.05 mg·g^(-1)) and Pb^(2+)(565.81 mg·g^(-1)).Kinetic studies have shown that the pseudo-first-order kinetics(PSO)model could best describe the adsorption kinetics of S-EMR for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+),implying that the chemisorption process is the rate-limiting step.The effects of different interfering ions on S-EMR’ s adsorption for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+)may be due to the difference in their electronegativity.Results of response surface methodology tests showed that pH had the highest influence on adsorption,and the removal efficiency of S-EMR reached 99.92% for Cd(Ⅱ) and 94.00%for Pb(Ⅱ).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analyses revealed that chemical precipitation was the predominant mechanism for Cd^(2+)/Pb^(2+)removal,and the adsorption mechanisms were associated with ion exchange and electrostatic attraction.The results showed that S-EMR could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd(Ⅱ)/Pb(Ⅱ) from water bodies,rendering dual benefits of pollution control and resource recovery.
