The refractory metal rhenium(Re),with content of 0−2 at.%,was introduced into a typicalγ-TiAl alloy of Ti−48Al−2Cr−2Nb(at.%)through vacuum arc melting.The effect of Re content on the microstructure and mechanical pro...The refractory metal rhenium(Re),with content of 0−2 at.%,was introduced into a typicalγ-TiAl alloy of Ti−48Al−2Cr−2Nb(at.%)through vacuum arc melting.The effect of Re content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of theγ-TiAl alloy was investigated.The results show that theγ-TiAl−xRe alloy is composed ofγ,α2,andβphases.As the Re content increases,the proportion ofβphase increases,while the content and size ofα2+γlamellar structure decrease gradually.Furthermore,the compressive strength increases with increasing Re content.A maximum compressive strength of 2282 MPa is achieved for theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy.Theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy exhibits a fracture strain of 36.7%,considerably higher than that of theγ-TiAl alloy(31.0%).Moreover,compared with theγ-TiAl alloy,the hardness and compressive strength of theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy considerably increase by 17.5%and 34.2%,respectively.展开更多
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders....Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders.Its core mechanisms involve multi-level regulation of free fatty acid(FFA)metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammatory states(represented by tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α).This paper systematically reviews the direct impact of LSG on FFA dynamics including lipolysis,tissue uptake,and oxidation,as well as the molecular pathways through which it indirectly regulates TNF-αby reducing adipose tissue inflammation,improving intestinal barrier function,and modulating epigenetic modifications such as SCD gene methylation.Postoperatively,FFA and TNF-αform a bidirectional promoting feedback loop.LSG effectively breaks this vicious cycle of mutual promotion between the two under obese conditions by reducing FFA levels and inhibiting TNF-αexpression.Lower FFA levels alleviate inflammatory signal activation,while reduced TNF-αinhibits lipolysis,collectively promoting the restoration of insulin sensitivity.A thorough understanding of these mechanisms provides a theoretical basis for optimizing surgical strategies and developing targeted therapies.展开更多
Starting from the Bay of Bengal storm,based on conventional meteorological data,FY2G meteorological satellite data,EC fine grid data and ERA5 reanalysis data,the first rainstorm process in Dehong Prefecture in the ear...Starting from the Bay of Bengal storm,based on conventional meteorological data,FY2G meteorological satellite data,EC fine grid data and ERA5 reanalysis data,the first rainstorm process in Dehong Prefecture in the early summer of 2024 was analyzed.The results show that the strengthening and northeastward movement of the Bay of Bengal storm"Remal"was the main influencing system for the generation of continuous heavy precipitation in Dehong Prefecture from May 25 to 27,2024.The establishment and strengthening of the low-level southwest jet stream provided better dynamic,water vapor and energy conditions for the generation of this heavy precipitation.The generation and maintenance of rainstorm required the transportation of a steady stream of water vapor to the rainstorm area,and there was strong convergence of water vapor in the rainstorm area.Therefore,in the forecast of summer rainstorm,whether the low-level jet stream is generated or not is very important for the forecast of rainstorm.In addition,there was a good corresponding relationship between the falling area of heavy precipitation,precipitation intensity and duration,and low-level water vapor convergence area.The establishment of southwest monsoon is of great significance to the beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture.The beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture was closely related to the first rainstorm process in Dehong Prefecture in early summer.In the future prediction of the beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture,the first statewide rainstorm process in early summer should be the key point for the prediction.展开更多
Objectives:While programmed cell death 1(PD-1)inhibitors have improved cancer treatment,the function and mechanisms of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1),particularly when expressed by cancer cells,remain unclear.T...Objectives:While programmed cell death 1(PD-1)inhibitors have improved cancer treatment,the function and mechanisms of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1),particularly when expressed by cancer cells,remain unclear.This study aims to explore the role of PD-L1 within breast cancer cells and identify key targets for future immunotherapy.Methods:RNA-seq was performed on breast cancer cells with silenced PD-L1 to screen for differentially expressed genes,followed by bioinformatics analysis.Clinical specimens from breast cancer patients undergoing primary surgery without preoperative treatment were collected,along with in vitro analysis to validate the potential mechanism.Results:RNA-seq data revealed a significant positive correlation between Ecto-5′-nucleotidase(NT5E)expression and PD-L1.Bioinformatics analysis corroborated this positive correlation.Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated higher NT5E expression associated with increased lymph node metastasis.High expression of the NT5E gene was associated with poor overall survival(OS)in breast cancer patients,as determined by KM plotter analysis.Following PD-L1 gene silencing by siRNA in breast cancer cells,NT5E mRNA and protein expression significantly decreased.Conversely,no significant changes were observed in PD-L1 expression after NT5E gene silencing.In vitro experiments confirmed that cancer cell proliferation and metastasis abilities were significantly reduced by either PD-L1 or NT5E gene down-regulation.Western blotting demonstrated that PD-L1 expressed by cancer cells regulates NT5E expression through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.Conclusion:This study proposes a potential mechanism wherein tumor-expressing PD-L1 regulates NT5E through the MAPK/ERK pathway.Downregulation of PD-L1 or NT5E can significantly inhibit the proliferation and metastatic ability of cancer cells,potentially providing practical therapeutic targets and prognostic markers for combined PD-L1 immunotherapy in breast cancer.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LQ21E040004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271040)+1 种基金State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials,China(No.2021-Z03)State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University,China。
文摘The refractory metal rhenium(Re),with content of 0−2 at.%,was introduced into a typicalγ-TiAl alloy of Ti−48Al−2Cr−2Nb(at.%)through vacuum arc melting.The effect of Re content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of theγ-TiAl alloy was investigated.The results show that theγ-TiAl−xRe alloy is composed ofγ,α2,andβphases.As the Re content increases,the proportion ofβphase increases,while the content and size ofα2+γlamellar structure decrease gradually.Furthermore,the compressive strength increases with increasing Re content.A maximum compressive strength of 2282 MPa is achieved for theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy.Theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy exhibits a fracture strain of 36.7%,considerably higher than that of theγ-TiAl alloy(31.0%).Moreover,compared with theγ-TiAl alloy,the hardness and compressive strength of theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy considerably increase by 17.5%and 34.2%,respectively.
基金Medical Science and Technology Disciplinary Reserve Talent Program under the Kunming Municipal Health Science and Technology Talent Cultivation Project(Project No.:2024-SW(Reserve)-45)Health Research Project of the Kunming Municipal Health Commission(Project No.:2023-03-06-012)。
文摘Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders.Its core mechanisms involve multi-level regulation of free fatty acid(FFA)metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammatory states(represented by tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α).This paper systematically reviews the direct impact of LSG on FFA dynamics including lipolysis,tissue uptake,and oxidation,as well as the molecular pathways through which it indirectly regulates TNF-αby reducing adipose tissue inflammation,improving intestinal barrier function,and modulating epigenetic modifications such as SCD gene methylation.Postoperatively,FFA and TNF-αform a bidirectional promoting feedback loop.LSG effectively breaks this vicious cycle of mutual promotion between the two under obese conditions by reducing FFA levels and inhibiting TNF-αexpression.Lower FFA levels alleviate inflammatory signal activation,while reduced TNF-αinhibits lipolysis,collectively promoting the restoration of insulin sensitivity.A thorough understanding of these mechanisms provides a theoretical basis for optimizing surgical strategies and developing targeted therapies.
基金Supported by the"Short,Simple and Fast"Project of Meteorological Science and Technology of Dehong Prefecture(DPK2024-01).
文摘Starting from the Bay of Bengal storm,based on conventional meteorological data,FY2G meteorological satellite data,EC fine grid data and ERA5 reanalysis data,the first rainstorm process in Dehong Prefecture in the early summer of 2024 was analyzed.The results show that the strengthening and northeastward movement of the Bay of Bengal storm"Remal"was the main influencing system for the generation of continuous heavy precipitation in Dehong Prefecture from May 25 to 27,2024.The establishment and strengthening of the low-level southwest jet stream provided better dynamic,water vapor and energy conditions for the generation of this heavy precipitation.The generation and maintenance of rainstorm required the transportation of a steady stream of water vapor to the rainstorm area,and there was strong convergence of water vapor in the rainstorm area.Therefore,in the forecast of summer rainstorm,whether the low-level jet stream is generated or not is very important for the forecast of rainstorm.In addition,there was a good corresponding relationship between the falling area of heavy precipitation,precipitation intensity and duration,and low-level water vapor convergence area.The establishment of southwest monsoon is of great significance to the beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture.The beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture was closely related to the first rainstorm process in Dehong Prefecture in early summer.In the future prediction of the beginning date of rainy season in Dehong Prefecture,the first statewide rainstorm process in early summer should be the key point for the prediction.
基金Provincial Natural Science Foundation J230016Provincial Natural Science Foundation H2023206441Hebei Province Major Science and Technology Support Program Project S&T Program of Hebei 242W7701Z.
文摘Objectives:While programmed cell death 1(PD-1)inhibitors have improved cancer treatment,the function and mechanisms of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1),particularly when expressed by cancer cells,remain unclear.This study aims to explore the role of PD-L1 within breast cancer cells and identify key targets for future immunotherapy.Methods:RNA-seq was performed on breast cancer cells with silenced PD-L1 to screen for differentially expressed genes,followed by bioinformatics analysis.Clinical specimens from breast cancer patients undergoing primary surgery without preoperative treatment were collected,along with in vitro analysis to validate the potential mechanism.Results:RNA-seq data revealed a significant positive correlation between Ecto-5′-nucleotidase(NT5E)expression and PD-L1.Bioinformatics analysis corroborated this positive correlation.Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated higher NT5E expression associated with increased lymph node metastasis.High expression of the NT5E gene was associated with poor overall survival(OS)in breast cancer patients,as determined by KM plotter analysis.Following PD-L1 gene silencing by siRNA in breast cancer cells,NT5E mRNA and protein expression significantly decreased.Conversely,no significant changes were observed in PD-L1 expression after NT5E gene silencing.In vitro experiments confirmed that cancer cell proliferation and metastasis abilities were significantly reduced by either PD-L1 or NT5E gene down-regulation.Western blotting demonstrated that PD-L1 expressed by cancer cells regulates NT5E expression through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.Conclusion:This study proposes a potential mechanism wherein tumor-expressing PD-L1 regulates NT5E through the MAPK/ERK pathway.Downregulation of PD-L1 or NT5E can significantly inhibit the proliferation and metastatic ability of cancer cells,potentially providing practical therapeutic targets and prognostic markers for combined PD-L1 immunotherapy in breast cancer.
