Proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs)have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for targeted protein degradation.However,the clinical application of PROTACs may be hindered by offtarget toxicity resulting from...Proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs)have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for targeted protein degradation.However,the clinical application of PROTACs may be hindered by offtarget toxicity resulting from non-tissue-specific protein degradation and ingenious prodrug strategies may open new avenues to addressing this concern.Herein,we propose a light-induced positive feedback strategy to use photodynamic therapy(PDT)to improve the activation efficiency of PROTAC prodrugs,monitor PROTAC release,and combine PROTAC to induce tumor cell apoptosis.In the hypoxic tumor microenvironment,the azo bond in AZO-PRO selectively cleaves,triggering the release of the potent protein degrader PRO and the multifunctional photosensitizer.Once activated,the fluoresce signal of the photosensitizer dramatically recovers,allowing monitoring of prodrug activation.Additionally,upon irradicating the tumor site using near-infrared(NIR)laser,PDT exacerbates tumor hypoxia,further promoting AZO-PRO activation.Our work introduces a novel approach to efficiently track and activate PROTAC prodrugs,enhance their antitumor efficacy,and mitigate off-target systemic toxicity.展开更多
Manganese ore is a critical strategic resource,and its type and endowment characteristics determine its potential applications in the field of new energy materials.This paper reviews the resource characteristics of mu...Manganese ore is a critical strategic resource,and its type and endowment characteristics determine its potential applications in the field of new energy materials.This paper reviews the resource characteristics of multisource ores and their research progress in the new energy sector.First,the status and main types of manganese ores are introduced,and their strategic significance and physicochemical properties of manganese oxides and carbonates are analyzed.Second,various processing methods for different types of manganese ores,including hydrometallurgy,pyrometallurgy,and other technologies,are discussed to optimize resource utilization.Subsequently,the preparation and applications of manganese-based materials are reviewed,including manganese sulfate,manganese dioxide,manganese tetroxide,and manganese alloys(such as electrolytic manganese,manganese-zinc ferrite,and manganese steel).Finally,an outlook on the comprehensive utilization of manganese resources and future development directions is presented.This study provides a valuable reference for researchers in minerals processing,metallurgy,materials science,and environmental science,promoting the efficient development of multisource manganese ores and the sustainable advancement of new energy materials.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22027807 and 22034004)the New Cornerstone Investigator Program,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZB20230333,2023TQ0178,2024M761605)Beijing Life Science Academy Initiative Scientific Research Program(No.2023000CA0050,China).
文摘Proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs)have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for targeted protein degradation.However,the clinical application of PROTACs may be hindered by offtarget toxicity resulting from non-tissue-specific protein degradation and ingenious prodrug strategies may open new avenues to addressing this concern.Herein,we propose a light-induced positive feedback strategy to use photodynamic therapy(PDT)to improve the activation efficiency of PROTAC prodrugs,monitor PROTAC release,and combine PROTAC to induce tumor cell apoptosis.In the hypoxic tumor microenvironment,the azo bond in AZO-PRO selectively cleaves,triggering the release of the potent protein degrader PRO and the multifunctional photosensitizer.Once activated,the fluoresce signal of the photosensitizer dramatically recovers,allowing monitoring of prodrug activation.Additionally,upon irradicating the tumor site using near-infrared(NIR)laser,PDT exacerbates tumor hypoxia,further promoting AZO-PRO activation.Our work introduces a novel approach to efficiently track and activate PROTAC prodrugs,enhance their antitumor efficacy,and mitigate off-target systemic toxicity.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFC3901201 and 2022YFC3901203)。
文摘Manganese ore is a critical strategic resource,and its type and endowment characteristics determine its potential applications in the field of new energy materials.This paper reviews the resource characteristics of multisource ores and their research progress in the new energy sector.First,the status and main types of manganese ores are introduced,and their strategic significance and physicochemical properties of manganese oxides and carbonates are analyzed.Second,various processing methods for different types of manganese ores,including hydrometallurgy,pyrometallurgy,and other technologies,are discussed to optimize resource utilization.Subsequently,the preparation and applications of manganese-based materials are reviewed,including manganese sulfate,manganese dioxide,manganese tetroxide,and manganese alloys(such as electrolytic manganese,manganese-zinc ferrite,and manganese steel).Finally,an outlook on the comprehensive utilization of manganese resources and future development directions is presented.This study provides a valuable reference for researchers in minerals processing,metallurgy,materials science,and environmental science,promoting the efficient development of multisource manganese ores and the sustainable advancement of new energy materials.
