Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease worldwide. There is no specific biomarker for the diagnosis of NAFLD. Trigly-ceride and glucose index (TyG) may predict the subsequent occurrence of ...Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease worldwide. There is no specific biomarker for the diagnosis of NAFLD. Trigly-ceride and glucose index (TyG) may predict the subsequent occurrence of NAFLD in later life. This cross sectional study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) as a possible biomarker of NAFLD. The study was conducted at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2019 to February 2020. A total of 124 subjects were taken as study population following selection criteria. Among them 62 were diagnosed patients of NAFLD and 62 were healthy subjects as control group. Fasting plasma glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and serum triglyceride was measured by enzymatic-colorimetric method, while TyG index was calculated accordingly. The mean age was 39.5 ± 11.27 years in NAFLD patients and 37.10 ± 12.28 years in control subjects with male female ratio 1:1.7 and 1:1.8 respectively. Major portion of NAFLD patients (62.9%) were overweight (BMI ≥ 25). The mean fasting plasma glucose level was 5.73 ± 1.47 mmol/L in NAFLD patients and 5.27 ± 0.69 mmol/L in control group (p < 0.027). The mean serum triglyceride level was 237.19 ± 96.47 mg/dl in NAFLD patients and 117.32 ± 53.07 mg/dl in control group (p < 0.001). The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) was 9.36 ± 0.47 in NAFLD group and 8.53 ± 0.42 in control group. TyG index was significantly higher in NAFLD patients in comparison to control group (p < 0.001). In ROC analysis, cut off value of TyG index was 8.85 with sensitivity 93.5% and specificity 79%. As a fast and effective method, TyG index can be used as a diagnostic tool to predict NAFLD.展开更多
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Although DM with proteinuria is the ultimate result of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a wide spectrum of non-diabetic re...Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Although DM with proteinuria is the ultimate result of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a wide spectrum of non-diabetic renal diseases (NDRD) can occur in such patients. Objective: To observe the frequency and histological pattern of NDRD in diabetic patients with proteinuria and to explore their association with clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2016 to September 2017. In this study a total of 38 cases of DM with proteinuria (>1 gm/24-hour) were selected purposively. Renal biopsy was done in all patients. Based on histological findings they were categorized into two groups;Group 1 with NDRD and Group II with DN. Their clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed and compared. Results: Among the total study subjects, 21 (55.3%) were male and 17 (44.7%) were female, mean (±SD) age 43.45 ± 9.99 years in the NDRD group and 41.57 ± 9.50 years in the DN group. Thirty one cases (81.6%) out of thirty eight had NDRD and seven (18.4%) cases had isolated DN;therefore more than two third cases had NDRD. Duration of DM was found to be significantly shorter (p = 0.004) in the NDRD group. Diabetic retinopathy was present in 12.9% cases in NDRD group vs. 57.1% cases in DN group (p = 0.025). Frequency of microscopic hematuria was significantly higher (90.3%) in NDRD patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The frequency of NDRD in type 2 diabetic patients other than diabetic nephropathy is relatively high. Membrano proliferative glomeru-lonephritis and membranous nephropathy are more common in NDRD. Absence of diabetic retinopathy, presence of hematuria and shorter duration of DM are markers associated with NDRD in type 2 DM, which are important indicators for renal biopsy in diabetic patients with proteinuria.展开更多
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% - 16% of the adult population. Although ocular findings related to renal insufficiency include cataract, conjunctival calcification, lid edema, conjunctival pallor ...Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% - 16% of the adult population. Although ocular findings related to renal insufficiency include cataract, conjunctival calcification, lid edema, conjunctival pallor and xanthalesma, by far the most important is retinopathy. Objective: To evaluate the ocular fundus abnormalities in pre-dialytic chronic kidney disease patients of the adult population. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2012 to March 2014. A total of 100 hospital admitted CKD patients were purposively selected for this study. Age, gender, blood pressure, Body Mass Index (BMI), 24 hours Urinary Total Protein (UTP), haemoglobin level, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride and color fundus photography findings of both eyes were recorded for each patient. Inter-group comparisons were made between patients with retinopathy and those without retinopathy. Results: Out of 100 adult non-dialytic CKD patients, 43 (43%) had ocular fundus abnormalities, among them 27 (62.8%) were male and 16 (37.2%) were female. The risk of development of retinopathy was significantly higher among older patients (p = 0.006), those with low haemoglobin level (p = 0.0001) and high blood pressure. Retinopathy was significantly (p = 0.0001) increased with reduction of e-GFR. There was no relationship between BMI and high serum triglyceride level with retinal abnormality. Among 43 (43%) patients with retinal abnormality, 30 (69.76%) patients showed only hypertensive retinopathy and 5 (11.6%) patients showed only diabetic retinopathy. Mixed hypertensive and diabetic retinopathy was found in 8 (18.6%) patients. Maculopathy was seen in 11 (25.58%) patients, of whom 3 (6.98%) had hypertensive retinopathy and 8 (18.87%) had diabetic retinopathy. Optic atrophy was seen in 2 (4.6%) patients and drusen like retinal deposits were seen in 2 (4.6%) patients. Conclusion: Ocular fundus abnormalities are common among adult pre-dialytic CKD patients. Retinopathy is significantly higher in advanced stages of CKD.展开更多
文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease worldwide. There is no specific biomarker for the diagnosis of NAFLD. Trigly-ceride and glucose index (TyG) may predict the subsequent occurrence of NAFLD in later life. This cross sectional study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) as a possible biomarker of NAFLD. The study was conducted at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2019 to February 2020. A total of 124 subjects were taken as study population following selection criteria. Among them 62 were diagnosed patients of NAFLD and 62 were healthy subjects as control group. Fasting plasma glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and serum triglyceride was measured by enzymatic-colorimetric method, while TyG index was calculated accordingly. The mean age was 39.5 ± 11.27 years in NAFLD patients and 37.10 ± 12.28 years in control subjects with male female ratio 1:1.7 and 1:1.8 respectively. Major portion of NAFLD patients (62.9%) were overweight (BMI ≥ 25). The mean fasting plasma glucose level was 5.73 ± 1.47 mmol/L in NAFLD patients and 5.27 ± 0.69 mmol/L in control group (p < 0.027). The mean serum triglyceride level was 237.19 ± 96.47 mg/dl in NAFLD patients and 117.32 ± 53.07 mg/dl in control group (p < 0.001). The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) was 9.36 ± 0.47 in NAFLD group and 8.53 ± 0.42 in control group. TyG index was significantly higher in NAFLD patients in comparison to control group (p < 0.001). In ROC analysis, cut off value of TyG index was 8.85 with sensitivity 93.5% and specificity 79%. As a fast and effective method, TyG index can be used as a diagnostic tool to predict NAFLD.
文摘Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Although DM with proteinuria is the ultimate result of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a wide spectrum of non-diabetic renal diseases (NDRD) can occur in such patients. Objective: To observe the frequency and histological pattern of NDRD in diabetic patients with proteinuria and to explore their association with clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2016 to September 2017. In this study a total of 38 cases of DM with proteinuria (>1 gm/24-hour) were selected purposively. Renal biopsy was done in all patients. Based on histological findings they were categorized into two groups;Group 1 with NDRD and Group II with DN. Their clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed and compared. Results: Among the total study subjects, 21 (55.3%) were male and 17 (44.7%) were female, mean (±SD) age 43.45 ± 9.99 years in the NDRD group and 41.57 ± 9.50 years in the DN group. Thirty one cases (81.6%) out of thirty eight had NDRD and seven (18.4%) cases had isolated DN;therefore more than two third cases had NDRD. Duration of DM was found to be significantly shorter (p = 0.004) in the NDRD group. Diabetic retinopathy was present in 12.9% cases in NDRD group vs. 57.1% cases in DN group (p = 0.025). Frequency of microscopic hematuria was significantly higher (90.3%) in NDRD patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The frequency of NDRD in type 2 diabetic patients other than diabetic nephropathy is relatively high. Membrano proliferative glomeru-lonephritis and membranous nephropathy are more common in NDRD. Absence of diabetic retinopathy, presence of hematuria and shorter duration of DM are markers associated with NDRD in type 2 DM, which are important indicators for renal biopsy in diabetic patients with proteinuria.
文摘Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% - 16% of the adult population. Although ocular findings related to renal insufficiency include cataract, conjunctival calcification, lid edema, conjunctival pallor and xanthalesma, by far the most important is retinopathy. Objective: To evaluate the ocular fundus abnormalities in pre-dialytic chronic kidney disease patients of the adult population. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府), Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2012 to March 2014. A total of 100 hospital admitted CKD patients were purposively selected for this study. Age, gender, blood pressure, Body Mass Index (BMI), 24 hours Urinary Total Protein (UTP), haemoglobin level, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride and color fundus photography findings of both eyes were recorded for each patient. Inter-group comparisons were made between patients with retinopathy and those without retinopathy. Results: Out of 100 adult non-dialytic CKD patients, 43 (43%) had ocular fundus abnormalities, among them 27 (62.8%) were male and 16 (37.2%) were female. The risk of development of retinopathy was significantly higher among older patients (p = 0.006), those with low haemoglobin level (p = 0.0001) and high blood pressure. Retinopathy was significantly (p = 0.0001) increased with reduction of e-GFR. There was no relationship between BMI and high serum triglyceride level with retinal abnormality. Among 43 (43%) patients with retinal abnormality, 30 (69.76%) patients showed only hypertensive retinopathy and 5 (11.6%) patients showed only diabetic retinopathy. Mixed hypertensive and diabetic retinopathy was found in 8 (18.6%) patients. Maculopathy was seen in 11 (25.58%) patients, of whom 3 (6.98%) had hypertensive retinopathy and 8 (18.87%) had diabetic retinopathy. Optic atrophy was seen in 2 (4.6%) patients and drusen like retinal deposits were seen in 2 (4.6%) patients. Conclusion: Ocular fundus abnormalities are common among adult pre-dialytic CKD patients. Retinopathy is significantly higher in advanced stages of CKD.
