Coronary arteries supply blood and nutrients to the heart. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) develops by narrowing of the arteries. Once the inner walls of the arteries are damaged, fatty deposits made of cells, connectiv...Coronary arteries supply blood and nutrients to the heart. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) develops by narrowing of the arteries. Once the inner walls of the arteries are damaged, fatty deposits made of cells, connective tissue elements, lipids and debris decrease their lumens which block blood flow to distal tissues. This process is called arteriosclerosis. This study intends to detect <span>the composition of human coronary atheroma collected from the arteries during</span> bypass surgeries in Bangladesh. It shows that all lesions are present in the advanced types, namely, type 4, 5 and 6. Infrequently thrombotic materials and necrotic debris were found in type 6 plaque. The mean length of plaque was 3.36 ± 1.71 cm and mean weight was 0.13 ± 0.12 gm. Insufficient lipid was obtained from each atheroma. Few raised areas were lipid laden whereas <span>most of the strands were fibrous. Biochemical assessment was formidable. The</span> cholesterol composition of coronary plaque ranged between 0.20% - 9.83% with mean 3.06% ± 2.09% and total fatty acids ranged between 0.47% - 3.04% with mean 1.31% ± 0.63%. The most abundant fatty acid was oleic acid (unsaturated) closely followed by palmitic acid (saturated). The mean calcium content was 41,180.20 ± 34,918.59 ppm and ranged from 1148.00 - 140,311.00 ppm or, 0.115% - 14.031%. This study was undertaken to detect the composition of human coronary atheroma in Bangladesh which revealed that it depended upon the type of lesion.展开更多
The present research deals with the geochemical characteristics of the Holocene sediments from Alamdanga area, Chuadanga district, Bangladesh. Main goals of the study are to delineate source rock characteristics, degr...The present research deals with the geochemical characteristics of the Holocene sediments from Alamdanga area, Chuadanga district, Bangladesh. Main goals of the study are to delineate source rock characteristics, degree of chemical weathering and sorting processes and behavior of redox conditions during deposition of the sediments. Geochemical characteristics of the sediments show comparatively a wide variation in accordance with stratigraphy in their major element contents(e.g. Si O2 69.46–82.13, Al2O3 2.28–8.88 in wt%), reflecting the distinctive provenance and in part an unstable period in terms of tectonic activity. Geochemical classification of the sediments shows mostly sub-arkose with few sub-litharenites. Some major and trace elements display comprehensible correlation with Al2O3 confirming their possible hydraulic fractionation. The chemical index of alteration(CIA*), W* index, index of compositional variability(ICV), plagioclase index of alteration(PIA*) values and the ratio of Si O2/Al2O3, suggest low degrees of chemical weathering in the source areas as well as immature to moderately mature the sediments. The sediments suggest semi-arid climatic trends within oxic deltaic depositional conditions during the Holocene, at 3–12 ka. Whole rock geochemistry and discrimination diagrams demonstrate the continental signature derivatives, which might have been derived from the felsic to intermediate igneous rocks(granitic plutonic rocks) as well as from quartzose sedimentary/metamorphic provenance. These typical sources are present in a vast region of the Himalayan belt and catchment areas of Ganges. The tectonic setting of the sediments demarcates typically passive margin with slightly continental arc system.展开更多
A sensitive, precise, accurate and simple in house validated Liquid Chromatography and Tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analytical method was developed for the quantification of acrylamide in potato chips, a proba...A sensitive, precise, accurate and simple in house validated Liquid Chromatography and Tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analytical method was developed for the quantification of acrylamide in potato chips, a probable carcinogenic and neurotoxic compound in fried food items. Acrylamide was extracted and cleaned up by QuEChERS method, then analyzed by triple quadrupole mass spectrophotometer using positive electrospray-ionization mode and d3-Acrylamide internal standard. The analyte and internal standard were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column (100 × 2.0 mm, 2.5 μm) by gradient elution with water and methanol containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase. The analytical method was fully validated by assessment of linearity, specificity, precision, accuracy, selectivity and robustness with relative standard deviation of less than 4%. The calibration curves were found linear with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9997 over the concentration range 5 - 500 μg/L. The recoveries of Acrylamide in the concentration of 250, 400, and 500 μg/L were 97% to 104%. Based on the signal to noise ratio, the lower limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LOQ) were achieved 2.0 μg/L and 4.0 μg/L respectively. The proposed method was also applied to other available most popular 24 types of food (265 number of sample) first time in Bangladesh. The highest level of acrylamide has been found in fried products with the range of 197.04 μg/L to 114.63 μg/L, protein-rich food lies between 79.76 to 89.14 μg/L whereas baked food products exhibited less content in the range of 35.23 to 51.17 μg/L.展开更多
Bangladesh has experienced a number of severe natural disasters. Most recently, tropical storms Aila, Sidr and Mohaseen have affected the Kuakata coastal belt. These natural disasters have had substantial negative imp...Bangladesh has experienced a number of severe natural disasters. Most recently, tropical storms Aila, Sidr and Mohaseen have affected the Kuakata coastal belt. These natural disasters have had substantial negative impacts on natural resources. Development of coping strategies for the protection of natural resources across this belt is significantly important. The present research is focused on the effects of tropical storms on crops, humans, fish, livestock and infrastructure. There were 99 fatalities recorded during the Sidr and Aila natural disasters. These disasters impacted 910.94 ha (Sidr) and 973.69 ha (Aila) of cropland. The total number of affected livestock and fishes such as, 18,200 fish ponds, 1209 cattle, 3324 goats, 6888 chickens, 1716 ducks, 103 buffalo and 144 sheep. After tropical cyclones of Sidr, Aila, Heavy rainstorms and Mohaseen 12,970, 17,703, 10,050 and 2500 households respectively reported some form of damage. Cattle, goat, chicken and buffalo were found more injured than other livestock due to the natural disasters of Sidr. Temperature and wind speed were both found to be statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) with humidity. Climatic parameters trend has been increased significantly since 1979. Regular monitoring of climatic variables, preparedness activities, and coping strategies would be significantly important for this coastal communities.展开更多
文摘Coronary arteries supply blood and nutrients to the heart. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) develops by narrowing of the arteries. Once the inner walls of the arteries are damaged, fatty deposits made of cells, connective tissue elements, lipids and debris decrease their lumens which block blood flow to distal tissues. This process is called arteriosclerosis. This study intends to detect <span>the composition of human coronary atheroma collected from the arteries during</span> bypass surgeries in Bangladesh. It shows that all lesions are present in the advanced types, namely, type 4, 5 and 6. Infrequently thrombotic materials and necrotic debris were found in type 6 plaque. The mean length of plaque was 3.36 ± 1.71 cm and mean weight was 0.13 ± 0.12 gm. Insufficient lipid was obtained from each atheroma. Few raised areas were lipid laden whereas <span>most of the strands were fibrous. Biochemical assessment was formidable. The</span> cholesterol composition of coronary plaque ranged between 0.20% - 9.83% with mean 3.06% ± 2.09% and total fatty acids ranged between 0.47% - 3.04% with mean 1.31% ± 0.63%. The most abundant fatty acid was oleic acid (unsaturated) closely followed by palmitic acid (saturated). The mean calcium content was 41,180.20 ± 34,918.59 ppm and ranged from 1148.00 - 140,311.00 ppm or, 0.115% - 14.031%. This study was undertaken to detect the composition of human coronary atheroma in Bangladesh which revealed that it depended upon the type of lesion.
文摘The present research deals with the geochemical characteristics of the Holocene sediments from Alamdanga area, Chuadanga district, Bangladesh. Main goals of the study are to delineate source rock characteristics, degree of chemical weathering and sorting processes and behavior of redox conditions during deposition of the sediments. Geochemical characteristics of the sediments show comparatively a wide variation in accordance with stratigraphy in their major element contents(e.g. Si O2 69.46–82.13, Al2O3 2.28–8.88 in wt%), reflecting the distinctive provenance and in part an unstable period in terms of tectonic activity. Geochemical classification of the sediments shows mostly sub-arkose with few sub-litharenites. Some major and trace elements display comprehensible correlation with Al2O3 confirming their possible hydraulic fractionation. The chemical index of alteration(CIA*), W* index, index of compositional variability(ICV), plagioclase index of alteration(PIA*) values and the ratio of Si O2/Al2O3, suggest low degrees of chemical weathering in the source areas as well as immature to moderately mature the sediments. The sediments suggest semi-arid climatic trends within oxic deltaic depositional conditions during the Holocene, at 3–12 ka. Whole rock geochemistry and discrimination diagrams demonstrate the continental signature derivatives, which might have been derived from the felsic to intermediate igneous rocks(granitic plutonic rocks) as well as from quartzose sedimentary/metamorphic provenance. These typical sources are present in a vast region of the Himalayan belt and catchment areas of Ganges. The tectonic setting of the sediments demarcates typically passive margin with slightly continental arc system.
文摘A sensitive, precise, accurate and simple in house validated Liquid Chromatography and Tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analytical method was developed for the quantification of acrylamide in potato chips, a probable carcinogenic and neurotoxic compound in fried food items. Acrylamide was extracted and cleaned up by QuEChERS method, then analyzed by triple quadrupole mass spectrophotometer using positive electrospray-ionization mode and d3-Acrylamide internal standard. The analyte and internal standard were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column (100 × 2.0 mm, 2.5 μm) by gradient elution with water and methanol containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase. The analytical method was fully validated by assessment of linearity, specificity, precision, accuracy, selectivity and robustness with relative standard deviation of less than 4%. The calibration curves were found linear with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9997 over the concentration range 5 - 500 μg/L. The recoveries of Acrylamide in the concentration of 250, 400, and 500 μg/L were 97% to 104%. Based on the signal to noise ratio, the lower limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LOQ) were achieved 2.0 μg/L and 4.0 μg/L respectively. The proposed method was also applied to other available most popular 24 types of food (265 number of sample) first time in Bangladesh. The highest level of acrylamide has been found in fried products with the range of 197.04 μg/L to 114.63 μg/L, protein-rich food lies between 79.76 to 89.14 μg/L whereas baked food products exhibited less content in the range of 35.23 to 51.17 μg/L.
文摘Bangladesh has experienced a number of severe natural disasters. Most recently, tropical storms Aila, Sidr and Mohaseen have affected the Kuakata coastal belt. These natural disasters have had substantial negative impacts on natural resources. Development of coping strategies for the protection of natural resources across this belt is significantly important. The present research is focused on the effects of tropical storms on crops, humans, fish, livestock and infrastructure. There were 99 fatalities recorded during the Sidr and Aila natural disasters. These disasters impacted 910.94 ha (Sidr) and 973.69 ha (Aila) of cropland. The total number of affected livestock and fishes such as, 18,200 fish ponds, 1209 cattle, 3324 goats, 6888 chickens, 1716 ducks, 103 buffalo and 144 sheep. After tropical cyclones of Sidr, Aila, Heavy rainstorms and Mohaseen 12,970, 17,703, 10,050 and 2500 households respectively reported some form of damage. Cattle, goat, chicken and buffalo were found more injured than other livestock due to the natural disasters of Sidr. Temperature and wind speed were both found to be statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) with humidity. Climatic parameters trend has been increased significantly since 1979. Regular monitoring of climatic variables, preparedness activities, and coping strategies would be significantly important for this coastal communities.
