In fixed order quantity systems,uncertainty in lead time is expressed as a set of scenarios with occurrence probabilities,and the mean and variance in demand distribution are supposed to be changeable according to a k...In fixed order quantity systems,uncertainty in lead time is expressed as a set of scenarios with occurrence probabilities,and the mean and variance in demand distribution are supposed to be changeable according to a known pattern.A new concept of "dynamic robust optimal reorder point" is proposed in this paper and its value is calculated as a "robust optimal reorder point function with respect to reorder time".Two approaches were employed in determining the dynamic optimal reorder point.The first is a shortage rate satisfaction approach and the second is a backorder cost minimization approach.The former aims at finding the minimum value of reorder point at each reorder time which satisfies the condition that the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of shortage rate under a given set of scenarios in lead time is greater than or equal to a basic CDF of shortage rate predetermined by a decision-maker.In the latter approach,the CDF of closeness of reorder point is defined at each reorder time to express how close to the optimal reorder points under the set of scenarios,and the dynamic optimal reorder point is defined according to stochastic ordering.Some numerical examples demonstrate the features of these dynamic robust optimal reorder points.展开更多
We report a successful case of a pregnant female positive for anti-cardiolipin antibodies who experienced two abnormal pregnancies with postpartum cerebral hemispheric infarctions. A 38-year-old female diagnosed as be...We report a successful case of a pregnant female positive for anti-cardiolipin antibodies who experienced two abnormal pregnancies with postpartum cerebral hemispheric infarctions. A 38-year-old female diagnosed as being positive for anti-cardiolipin antibodies was referred to our hospital due to her strong desire to have a baby. The administration of Japanese herbal medicine, Sairei-to, as immunosuppressive therapy, and low dose aspirin, as anti-coagulation therapy, were initiated prior to the patient’s pregnancy. Five months after beginning the treatment, the patient conceived spontaneously. At 34 weeks of gestation, emergency cesarean section was performed due to increasing genital bleeding resulting from coincidental placenta previa and the patient delivered an appropriate-for-date female infant (1970 g). Treatment with Japanese herbal medicine (Sairei-to) and low-dose aspirin is considered to be an effective treatment option for patients positive for anti-phospholipid antibodies with past histories of abnormal pregnancies.展开更多
基金Project (No.21510152) supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C),Japan
文摘In fixed order quantity systems,uncertainty in lead time is expressed as a set of scenarios with occurrence probabilities,and the mean and variance in demand distribution are supposed to be changeable according to a known pattern.A new concept of "dynamic robust optimal reorder point" is proposed in this paper and its value is calculated as a "robust optimal reorder point function with respect to reorder time".Two approaches were employed in determining the dynamic optimal reorder point.The first is a shortage rate satisfaction approach and the second is a backorder cost minimization approach.The former aims at finding the minimum value of reorder point at each reorder time which satisfies the condition that the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of shortage rate under a given set of scenarios in lead time is greater than or equal to a basic CDF of shortage rate predetermined by a decision-maker.In the latter approach,the CDF of closeness of reorder point is defined at each reorder time to express how close to the optimal reorder points under the set of scenarios,and the dynamic optimal reorder point is defined according to stochastic ordering.Some numerical examples demonstrate the features of these dynamic robust optimal reorder points.
文摘We report a successful case of a pregnant female positive for anti-cardiolipin antibodies who experienced two abnormal pregnancies with postpartum cerebral hemispheric infarctions. A 38-year-old female diagnosed as being positive for anti-cardiolipin antibodies was referred to our hospital due to her strong desire to have a baby. The administration of Japanese herbal medicine, Sairei-to, as immunosuppressive therapy, and low dose aspirin, as anti-coagulation therapy, were initiated prior to the patient’s pregnancy. Five months after beginning the treatment, the patient conceived spontaneously. At 34 weeks of gestation, emergency cesarean section was performed due to increasing genital bleeding resulting from coincidental placenta previa and the patient delivered an appropriate-for-date female infant (1970 g). Treatment with Japanese herbal medicine (Sairei-to) and low-dose aspirin is considered to be an effective treatment option for patients positive for anti-phospholipid antibodies with past histories of abnormal pregnancies.
