Understanding intra-specific variation in leaf functional traits is one of the key requirements for the evaluation of species adaptive capacity to ongoing climate change, as well as for designing long-term breeding an...Understanding intra-specific variation in leaf functional traits is one of the key requirements for the evaluation of species adaptive capacity to ongoing climate change, as well as for designing long-term breeding and conservation strategies. Hence, data of 19 functional traits describing plant physiology, antioxidant properties, anatomy and morphology were determined on 1-year-old seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) half-sib lines. The variability within and among half-sib lines, as well as the estimation of multi-trait association, were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference test and multivariate analyses: principal component analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate linear correlation between the study parameters. The results of the ANOVA showed the presence of statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) among half-sib lines for all study traits. The differences within half-sib lines, observed through the contribution of the examined sources of variation to the total variance (%), had higher impact on total variation in the majority of the examined traits. Pearson’s correlation analysis and PCA showed strong relationships between gas exchange in plants and leaf size and stomatal density, as well as between leaf biomass accumulation, intercellular CO_(2) concentration and parameters related to antioxidant capacity of plants. Likewise, the results of SDA indicate that transpiration and stomatal conductance contributed to the largest extent, to the discrimination of the wild cherry half-sib lines. In addition, PCA and CDA showed separation of the wild cherry half-sib lines along the first principal component and first canonical variable with regards to humidity of their original sites. Multiple adaptive differences between the wild cherry half-sib lines indicate high potential of the species to adapt rapidly to climate change. The existence of substantial genetic variability among the wild cherry half-sib lines highlights their potential as genetic resources for reforestation purposes and breeding programmes.展开更多
Fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds,offering potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.Fistulina hepatica(Schaeff.)With.and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus(DC.)Vizzini,Contu&Ju...Fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds,offering potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.Fistulina hepatica(Schaeff.)With.and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus(DC.)Vizzini,Contu&Justo,two autochthonous fungi from Serbia,remain underexplored for their mycochemical composition and biological activities.This study aims to evaluate their bioactive potential,emphasizing antioxidant,enzyme inhibition,and cytotoxic properties.Extracts from F.hepatica and V.gloiocephalus were obtained using solvents of different polarities(acetone,CHCl3,80%MeOH,70%EtOH,H_(2)O and PSH),and dried fruiting bodies were subjected to chemical analysis.The chemical analyses included Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)analysis with mycroanalysis,liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS)profiling.While AAS profiling of minerals was conducted on the dried fruiting bodies,all other analyses were performed on the extracts.In vitro assays were performed to assess the antioxidant capacity,cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells,and digestive enzyme inhibition(α-amylase,α-glucosidase,and lipase)of the extracts.Both fungi exhibited significant antioxidant activity comparable to the standard antioxidant compound propyl gallate.Additionally,extracts showed potent enzyme inhibition,including hypoglycemic and lipase activities,indicating their potential as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents,particularly in F.hepatica.Conversely,the acetone extract of V.gloiocephalus demonstrated notable cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cancer cells.PCA analysis confirmed correlations between bioactive compounds and bioactivities.These findings highlight the potential of F.hepatica and V.gloiocephalus as promising sources of natural bioactive compounds with applications in addressing metabolic disorders,cancer and oxidative stress,as functional foods,nutraceuticals,and pharmaceuticals.展开更多
Wild edible fungi are increasingly recognized as rich sources of bioactive metabolites with nutritional and therapeutic potential.This study provides the first integrated analysis of polyamines(putrescine(PUT),sper-mi...Wild edible fungi are increasingly recognized as rich sources of bioactive metabolites with nutritional and therapeutic potential.This study provides the first integrated analysis of polyamines(putrescine(PUT),sper-midine(SPD),and spermine(SPM))and phenolic compounds in five wild edible fungal species collected in Serbia,Auricularia auricula-judae,Cantharellus cibarius,Hericium erinaceus,Laetiporus sulphureus,and Pleurotus cornucopiae.Quantitative HPLC analysis revealed pronounced interspecies variability in polyamine content,with L.sulphureus exhibiting the highest total polyamine concentration(83.15 mg kg^(-1)dry weight,DW)dominated by SPD.LC-MS/MS profiling identified twenty phenolic compounds and quinic acid as the most abundant metabolite(3267.97 to 19308.80 mg kg^(-1)dry extract,d.e.),while flavonoids were detected at trace levels.The total phenolic content(TPC)ranged from 4.81 to 22.59 mg GAE g^(-1)DW,with P.cornucopiae and H.erinaceus showing the greatest phenolic richness and antioxidant capacity.The strongest ABTS and FRAP activities were recorded for L.sulphureus and P.cornucopiae,indicating significant radical-scavenging and reducing potentials.Moreover,H.erinaceus demonstrated the highest anti-acetylcholinesterase(anti-AChE)effect(85.21%),indi-cating a potential contribution to neuroprotective mechanisms.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)revealed clear species separation driven mainly by phenolic acids,with L.sulphureus showing the strongest phenolic-linked bioactivity.While caffeic and p-coumaric acids were the dominant contributors to anti-AChE and anti-oxidant effects,while PUT also enhanced antioxidant capacity in species where it co-occurred with high phenolic levels.Overall,these findings highlight these fungi as promising natural sources of polyamines and phenolic antioxidants with potential application in functional foods.展开更多
Polyamines(PAs)—primarily putrescine(PUT),spermidine(SPD),and spermine(SPM),are low-molecularweight,positively charged amines essential for cellular viability and involved in numerous biological processes,including p...Polyamines(PAs)—primarily putrescine(PUT),spermidine(SPD),and spermine(SPM),are low-molecularweight,positively charged amines essential for cellular viability and involved in numerous biological processes,including plant development,embryogenesis,and interactions with microorganisms.While PAs are present in various food sources,edible and medicinal mushrooms have recently gained attention as rich reservoirs of these bioactive compounds.Despite growing data on PA concentrations in fungi,limited information exists regarding their stability during food processing and storage.This review consolidates current knowledge on the occurrence,biological functions,and health-promoting properties of mushroom-derived PAs.Emphasis is placed on their antioxidant capacity,including their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species through direct electron donation,metal ion chelation,and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes.Furthermore,the neuroprotective roles of PAs are highlighted,particularly their potential in mitigating cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms such as acetylcholinesterase inhibition and lifespan extension.The involvement of PAs in mycorrhizal symbiosis and their role in enhancing stress tolerance in host plants are also discussed.This review offers an integrative perspective on PAs,highlighting their emerging therapeutic potential for human health through mushroom-derived nutrition,as well as their role in mediating plantmycorrhizal symbiosis to enhance crop resilience and indirectly nutritional quality,and postharvest storage.展开更多
基金The study was fi nanced by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia(contract number:451-03-9/2021-14/200197).
文摘Understanding intra-specific variation in leaf functional traits is one of the key requirements for the evaluation of species adaptive capacity to ongoing climate change, as well as for designing long-term breeding and conservation strategies. Hence, data of 19 functional traits describing plant physiology, antioxidant properties, anatomy and morphology were determined on 1-year-old seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) half-sib lines. The variability within and among half-sib lines, as well as the estimation of multi-trait association, were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference test and multivariate analyses: principal component analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate linear correlation between the study parameters. The results of the ANOVA showed the presence of statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) among half-sib lines for all study traits. The differences within half-sib lines, observed through the contribution of the examined sources of variation to the total variance (%), had higher impact on total variation in the majority of the examined traits. Pearson’s correlation analysis and PCA showed strong relationships between gas exchange in plants and leaf size and stomatal density, as well as between leaf biomass accumulation, intercellular CO_(2) concentration and parameters related to antioxidant capacity of plants. Likewise, the results of SDA indicate that transpiration and stomatal conductance contributed to the largest extent, to the discrimination of the wild cherry half-sib lines. In addition, PCA and CDA showed separation of the wild cherry half-sib lines along the first principal component and first canonical variable with regards to humidity of their original sites. Multiple adaptive differences between the wild cherry half-sib lines indicate high potential of the species to adapt rapidly to climate change. The existence of substantial genetic variability among the wild cherry half-sib lines highlights their potential as genetic resources for reforestation purposes and breeding programmes.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development,and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia(Grant No.451-03-66/2024-03/200125&451-03-65/2024-03/200125).
文摘Fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds,offering potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.Fistulina hepatica(Schaeff.)With.and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus(DC.)Vizzini,Contu&Justo,two autochthonous fungi from Serbia,remain underexplored for their mycochemical composition and biological activities.This study aims to evaluate their bioactive potential,emphasizing antioxidant,enzyme inhibition,and cytotoxic properties.Extracts from F.hepatica and V.gloiocephalus were obtained using solvents of different polarities(acetone,CHCl3,80%MeOH,70%EtOH,H_(2)O and PSH),and dried fruiting bodies were subjected to chemical analysis.The chemical analyses included Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)analysis with mycroanalysis,liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS)profiling.While AAS profiling of minerals was conducted on the dried fruiting bodies,all other analyses were performed on the extracts.In vitro assays were performed to assess the antioxidant capacity,cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells,and digestive enzyme inhibition(α-amylase,α-glucosidase,and lipase)of the extracts.Both fungi exhibited significant antioxidant activity comparable to the standard antioxidant compound propyl gallate.Additionally,extracts showed potent enzyme inhibition,including hypoglycemic and lipase activities,indicating their potential as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents,particularly in F.hepatica.Conversely,the acetone extract of V.gloiocephalus demonstrated notable cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cancer cells.PCA analysis confirmed correlations between bioactive compounds and bioactivities.These findings highlight the potential of F.hepatica and V.gloiocephalus as promising sources of natural bioactive compounds with applications in addressing metabolic disorders,cancer and oxidative stress,as functional foods,nutraceuticals,and pharmaceuticals.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia(Grant Nos.451-03-33/2026-03/200125&451-03-34/2026-03/200125).
文摘Wild edible fungi are increasingly recognized as rich sources of bioactive metabolites with nutritional and therapeutic potential.This study provides the first integrated analysis of polyamines(putrescine(PUT),sper-midine(SPD),and spermine(SPM))and phenolic compounds in five wild edible fungal species collected in Serbia,Auricularia auricula-judae,Cantharellus cibarius,Hericium erinaceus,Laetiporus sulphureus,and Pleurotus cornucopiae.Quantitative HPLC analysis revealed pronounced interspecies variability in polyamine content,with L.sulphureus exhibiting the highest total polyamine concentration(83.15 mg kg^(-1)dry weight,DW)dominated by SPD.LC-MS/MS profiling identified twenty phenolic compounds and quinic acid as the most abundant metabolite(3267.97 to 19308.80 mg kg^(-1)dry extract,d.e.),while flavonoids were detected at trace levels.The total phenolic content(TPC)ranged from 4.81 to 22.59 mg GAE g^(-1)DW,with P.cornucopiae and H.erinaceus showing the greatest phenolic richness and antioxidant capacity.The strongest ABTS and FRAP activities were recorded for L.sulphureus and P.cornucopiae,indicating significant radical-scavenging and reducing potentials.Moreover,H.erinaceus demonstrated the highest anti-acetylcholinesterase(anti-AChE)effect(85.21%),indi-cating a potential contribution to neuroprotective mechanisms.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)revealed clear species separation driven mainly by phenolic acids,with L.sulphureus showing the strongest phenolic-linked bioactivity.While caffeic and p-coumaric acids were the dominant contributors to anti-AChE and anti-oxidant effects,while PUT also enhanced antioxidant capacity in species where it co-occurred with high phenolic levels.Overall,these findings highlight these fungi as promising natural sources of polyamines and phenolic antioxidants with potential application in functional foods.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development,and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia(Grant No.451-03-137/2025-03/200125&451-03-136/2025-03/200125).
文摘Polyamines(PAs)—primarily putrescine(PUT),spermidine(SPD),and spermine(SPM),are low-molecularweight,positively charged amines essential for cellular viability and involved in numerous biological processes,including plant development,embryogenesis,and interactions with microorganisms.While PAs are present in various food sources,edible and medicinal mushrooms have recently gained attention as rich reservoirs of these bioactive compounds.Despite growing data on PA concentrations in fungi,limited information exists regarding their stability during food processing and storage.This review consolidates current knowledge on the occurrence,biological functions,and health-promoting properties of mushroom-derived PAs.Emphasis is placed on their antioxidant capacity,including their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species through direct electron donation,metal ion chelation,and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes.Furthermore,the neuroprotective roles of PAs are highlighted,particularly their potential in mitigating cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms such as acetylcholinesterase inhibition and lifespan extension.The involvement of PAs in mycorrhizal symbiosis and their role in enhancing stress tolerance in host plants are also discussed.This review offers an integrative perspective on PAs,highlighting their emerging therapeutic potential for human health through mushroom-derived nutrition,as well as their role in mediating plantmycorrhizal symbiosis to enhance crop resilience and indirectly nutritional quality,and postharvest storage.
