Increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer have been used in agriculture during the last decades to boost food production for the increasing global human population.The marked increase in reactive nitrogen use has also...Increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer have been used in agriculture during the last decades to boost food production for the increasing global human population.The marked increase in reactive nitrogen use has also contributed to severe nitrogen pollution and multiple impacts on human and ecosystems'health.1 Nitrogen is an important precursor to air pollution(e.g.,fine particulate matter,near-surface ozone),water pollution(algal blooms,nitrate contamination),biodiversity loss(nitrogen deposition and eutrophication),soil acidification(ammonium fertilizer use),and global warming(nitrous oxide).2 Agricultural nitrogen pollution has decreased in some high-income countries,such as those in the European Union(EU),during the last decades,but the remaining nitrogen pollution still causes serious damage.The societal cost of nitrogen pollution by agriculture in the EU has been estimated to range from V35 to V230 billion per year and this cost appears to be greater than the farm profits from nitrogen fertilizer use,which range from V20 to V80 billion per year.3 Socioeconomic trade-offs between farmers and society need to be introduced to decrease nitrogen pollution.展开更多
基金We thank Robert Norton for the comments and language edits.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41822701 and 41773068)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2018YFC0213300)This work contributes to the“Toward International Nitrogen Management System(INMS)”funded by the United Nations Environment Program(UNEP,GEF project ID:5400-01142).
文摘Increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer have been used in agriculture during the last decades to boost food production for the increasing global human population.The marked increase in reactive nitrogen use has also contributed to severe nitrogen pollution and multiple impacts on human and ecosystems'health.1 Nitrogen is an important precursor to air pollution(e.g.,fine particulate matter,near-surface ozone),water pollution(algal blooms,nitrate contamination),biodiversity loss(nitrogen deposition and eutrophication),soil acidification(ammonium fertilizer use),and global warming(nitrous oxide).2 Agricultural nitrogen pollution has decreased in some high-income countries,such as those in the European Union(EU),during the last decades,but the remaining nitrogen pollution still causes serious damage.The societal cost of nitrogen pollution by agriculture in the EU has been estimated to range from V35 to V230 billion per year and this cost appears to be greater than the farm profits from nitrogen fertilizer use,which range from V20 to V80 billion per year.3 Socioeconomic trade-offs between farmers and society need to be introduced to decrease nitrogen pollution.
