Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human endeavours.These taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observab...Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human endeavours.These taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro culturing.As a result,species identification is frequently difficult.Molecular(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular marker.However,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi problematic.Here we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological metadata.The results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://unite.ut.ee),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related applications.The present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.展开更多
The phylogeny of Phylloporus(Boletaceae)has not been well studied,and the taxonomic relationships of this genus have varied considerably among authors.The following study presents phylogenetic relationships of Phyllop...The phylogeny of Phylloporus(Boletaceae)has not been well studied,and the taxonomic relationships of this genus have varied considerably among authors.The following study presents phylogenetic relationships of Phylloporus based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions,ITS and LSU.The ITS dataset includes 39 collections and the LSU dataset contains 50 collections of Phylloporus.A combined analysis of both genes did not resolve the deeper nodes in the phylogeny,but the results suggest that Phylloporus is monophyletic and a sister group of the Xerocomus subtomentosus group.The lamellate hymenophore configuration is a synapomorphy that distinguishes Phylloporus from the other genera in the family.The placement of a lamellate genus within Boletaceae suggests that hymenophore evolution is not well understood in the family.This is the first phylogeny of Phylloporus and includes 20 species from different geographic regions.Six taxa of Phylloporus from the Old World are here presented.Phylloporus cyanescens is a new combination for an Australasian taxon formerly named as a variety of P.bellus(Massee)Corner.Phylloporus pumilus is described from Indonesia,and 4 species are described from Thailand:P.castanopsidis,P.dimorphus,P.infuscatus,and P.rubiginosus.展开更多
基金financial support from European Funds through COMPETENational Funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT)within projects PTDC/AGR-FOR/3807/2012-FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027979 and PEst-C/MAR/LA0017/2013+4 种基金supported by National Science Foundation Grant DBI 1046115supported by FFG,BMWFJ,BMVIT,ZIT,Zukunftsstiftung Tirol,and Land Steiermark within the Austrian COMET program FFG Grant 824186Financial support to JP was partially provided by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education(MNiSW),grant no.NN303_548839financial support from FAPEMIG and CNPqfunded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute through the Biomonitoring 2.0 project(OGI-050).
文摘Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human endeavours.These taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro culturing.As a result,species identification is frequently difficult.Molecular(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular marker.However,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi problematic.Here we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological metadata.The results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://unite.ut.ee),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related applications.The present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.
基金The first author thanks Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES,Brasil)for the financial support during her PhDThe authors are grateful to the National Science Foundation for partial support from grants BSR-8600424,DEB-9300798,DEB-9972018,and DEB-0414665 awarded to Roy Halling,as well as DEB-0444531 awarded to Manfred Binder and David Hibbett.Thanks to the Mushroom Research Centre in Chiang Mai(Thailand)and Dennis Desjardin(San Francisco State University)for a fieldwork opportunity.
文摘The phylogeny of Phylloporus(Boletaceae)has not been well studied,and the taxonomic relationships of this genus have varied considerably among authors.The following study presents phylogenetic relationships of Phylloporus based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions,ITS and LSU.The ITS dataset includes 39 collections and the LSU dataset contains 50 collections of Phylloporus.A combined analysis of both genes did not resolve the deeper nodes in the phylogeny,but the results suggest that Phylloporus is monophyletic and a sister group of the Xerocomus subtomentosus group.The lamellate hymenophore configuration is a synapomorphy that distinguishes Phylloporus from the other genera in the family.The placement of a lamellate genus within Boletaceae suggests that hymenophore evolution is not well understood in the family.This is the first phylogeny of Phylloporus and includes 20 species from different geographic regions.Six taxa of Phylloporus from the Old World are here presented.Phylloporus cyanescens is a new combination for an Australasian taxon formerly named as a variety of P.bellus(Massee)Corner.Phylloporus pumilus is described from Indonesia,and 4 species are described from Thailand:P.castanopsidis,P.dimorphus,P.infuscatus,and P.rubiginosus.
