A fractional-order delayed SEIR rumor spreading model with a nonlinear incidence function is established in this paper,and a novel strategy to control the bifurcation of this model is proposed.First,Hopf bifurcation i...A fractional-order delayed SEIR rumor spreading model with a nonlinear incidence function is established in this paper,and a novel strategy to control the bifurcation of this model is proposed.First,Hopf bifurcation is investigated by considering time delay as bifurcation parameter for the system without a feedback controller.Then,a state feedback controller is designed to control the occurrence of bifurcation in advance or to delay it by changing the parameters of the controller.Finally,in order to verify the theoretical results,some numerical simulations are given.展开更多
Based on available records,a comprehensive overview of the biodiversity and geographical distribution of Collembola in China is presented.A total of 735 species,155 genera and 20 families were recorded in the checklis...Based on available records,a comprehensive overview of the biodiversity and geographical distribution of Collembola in China is presented.A total of 735 species,155 genera and 20 families were recorded in the checklist,including current name information,synonyms,geographical records,and bibliographic references.Taxonomic notes were added where necessary and Chinese translations were provided for genera and families.The following new combinations are proposed:Rambutsinella grinnellia(Wang,Chen&Christiansen,2004)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella grinnellia Wang,Chen&Christiansen 2004;Rambutsinella hui(Wang,Chen&Christiansen,2003)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella hui Wang,Chen&Christiansen 2003;and Rambutsinella tridentifera(Rusek,1971)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella tridentifera Rusek 1971.In addition,certain species have been merged with their synonyms.This checklist includes articles published up to August 2023.展开更多
Zoo-archaeological and genetic evidence suggest that pigs were domesticated independently in Central China and Eastern Anatolia along with the development of agricultural communities and civilizations.However,the gene...Zoo-archaeological and genetic evidence suggest that pigs were domesticated independently in Central China and Eastern Anatolia along with the development of agricultural communities and civilizations.However,the genetic history of domestic pigs,especially in China,has not been fully explored.In this study,we generate 42 complete mitochondrial DNA sequences from~7500-to 2750-year-old individuals from the Yellow River basin.Our results show that the maternal genetic continuity of East Asian domestic pigs dates back to at least the Early to Middle Neolithic.In contrast,the Near Eastern ancestry in European domestic pigs saw a near-complete genomic replacement by the European wild boar.The majority of East Asian domestic pigs share close haplotypes,and the most recent common ancestor of most branches dates back to less than 20,000 years before present,inferred using new substitution rates of whole mitogenomes or combined protein-coding regions.Two major population expansion events of East Asian domestic pigs coincided with changes in climate,widespread adoption of introduced crops,and the development of agrarian societies.These findings add to our understanding of the maternal genetic composition and help to complete the picture of domestic pig evolutionary history in East Asia.展开更多
Noodles are a global food,but the periods when and places where they were made and originated,as well as their ingredients and the cooking methods used to manufacture them,have remained contentious.In the 2005 edition...Noodles are a global food,but the periods when and places where they were made and originated,as well as their ingredients and the cooking methods used to manufacture them,have remained contentious.In the 2005 edition of the journal Nature,we wrote a summary of the millet noodle specimens found in the Late Neolithic Qijia cultural stratum of the Lajia archaeological site in Qinghai Province,China.However,how the ancient people made millet noodles remains controversial.This paper provides a systematic analysis of the remains of noodles found withinan earthenware bowl at the Lajia ‘‘noodle house'' in terms of their plant composition including phytoliths,starch and biomarkers.It provides evidence of how people used millet4,000 years ago and,most specifically,of the principal methods used for producing millet-based noodles.Further,we show how we used traditional hele tools to make hele millet noodles,with especial reference to the gelatinized hydrogel-forming method,to simulate morphology consistent with the composition and form of the unearthed millet noodles.The results of this study provide new evidence and new insights into the cultural characteristics of the prehistoric human diet.展开更多
A large number of stone knives have been recovered from Neolithic archaeological sites in East Asia.However, direct evidence regarding the functions of the stone knives has been scarce, and hence, their functions have...A large number of stone knives have been recovered from Neolithic archaeological sites in East Asia.However, direct evidence regarding the functions of the stone knives has been scarce, and hence, their functions have remained controversial. In this study, we recovered and analysed ancient starch grains and phytoliths from residues adhering to stone knives excavated from the Lajia site, Qinghai Province, northwest China, thus providing direct evidence for the functions of the knives. Our analyses were based on the following:(1) an assemblage of 278identifiable starch grains, representing grains from the stems of foxtail millet(Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum)(65.1 % of the total) and the stems of Hordeum and Triticum species(3.6 % of the total), and(2) an assemblage of 361 identifiable phytoliths,the majority of which were from the stems and leaves of plants such as Panicoideae and related taxa(96 % of the total). Our study demonstrates that one of the functions of the stone knives was the harvesting crops. In addition, a few starch grains from food legumes and roots(3.4 % of the total) indicate that the stone knives were also likely used to process, peel and cut some foods.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1703262,62163035,61866036,62006196,61963033,62163035)the Tianshan Innovation Team Program (2020D14017)the Tianshan Xuesong Program (2018XS02).
文摘A fractional-order delayed SEIR rumor spreading model with a nonlinear incidence function is established in this paper,and a novel strategy to control the bifurcation of this model is proposed.First,Hopf bifurcation is investigated by considering time delay as bifurcation parameter for the system without a feedback controller.Then,a state feedback controller is designed to control the occurrence of bifurcation in advance or to delay it by changing the parameters of the controller.Finally,in order to verify the theoretical results,some numerical simulations are given.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(2018FY100300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970434 and 32270470)。
文摘Based on available records,a comprehensive overview of the biodiversity and geographical distribution of Collembola in China is presented.A total of 735 species,155 genera and 20 families were recorded in the checklist,including current name information,synonyms,geographical records,and bibliographic references.Taxonomic notes were added where necessary and Chinese translations were provided for genera and families.The following new combinations are proposed:Rambutsinella grinnellia(Wang,Chen&Christiansen,2004)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella grinnellia Wang,Chen&Christiansen 2004;Rambutsinella hui(Wang,Chen&Christiansen,2003)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella hui Wang,Chen&Christiansen 2003;and Rambutsinella tridentifera(Rusek,1971)comb.nov.for Pseudosinella tridentifera Rusek 1971.In addition,certain species have been merged with their synonyms.This checklist includes articles published up to August 2023.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,XDB26000000)the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China(YSBR019)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41925009)the Tencent Foundation(through the XPLORER PRIZE)the Howard Hughes Medical Institute(grant 55008731)the Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute。
文摘Zoo-archaeological and genetic evidence suggest that pigs were domesticated independently in Central China and Eastern Anatolia along with the development of agricultural communities and civilizations.However,the genetic history of domestic pigs,especially in China,has not been fully explored.In this study,we generate 42 complete mitochondrial DNA sequences from~7500-to 2750-year-old individuals from the Yellow River basin.Our results show that the maternal genetic continuity of East Asian domestic pigs dates back to at least the Early to Middle Neolithic.In contrast,the Near Eastern ancestry in European domestic pigs saw a near-complete genomic replacement by the European wild boar.The majority of East Asian domestic pigs share close haplotypes,and the most recent common ancestor of most branches dates back to less than 20,000 years before present,inferred using new substitution rates of whole mitogenomes or combined protein-coding regions.Two major population expansion events of East Asian domestic pigs coincided with changes in climate,widespread adoption of introduced crops,and the development of agrarian societies.These findings add to our understanding of the maternal genetic composition and help to complete the picture of domestic pig evolutionary history in East Asia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41230104)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2015CB953801)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05130602)the National Science and Technology Supporting Program of China(2013BAK08B02)
文摘Noodles are a global food,but the periods when and places where they were made and originated,as well as their ingredients and the cooking methods used to manufacture them,have remained contentious.In the 2005 edition of the journal Nature,we wrote a summary of the millet noodle specimens found in the Late Neolithic Qijia cultural stratum of the Lajia archaeological site in Qinghai Province,China.However,how the ancient people made millet noodles remains controversial.This paper provides a systematic analysis of the remains of noodles found withinan earthenware bowl at the Lajia ‘‘noodle house'' in terms of their plant composition including phytoliths,starch and biomarkers.It provides evidence of how people used millet4,000 years ago and,most specifically,of the principal methods used for producing millet-based noodles.Further,we show how we used traditional hele tools to make hele millet noodles,with especial reference to the gelatinized hydrogel-forming method,to simulate morphology consistent with the composition and form of the unearthed millet noodles.The results of this study provide new evidence and new insights into the cultural characteristics of the prehistoric human diet.
基金supported by theNational Natural Science Foundation of China(41072140 and41371217)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05130603 and XDA05130402)the ‘‘135’’ Strategy of Science and Technology Plan Projects of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2012QY003)
文摘A large number of stone knives have been recovered from Neolithic archaeological sites in East Asia.However, direct evidence regarding the functions of the stone knives has been scarce, and hence, their functions have remained controversial. In this study, we recovered and analysed ancient starch grains and phytoliths from residues adhering to stone knives excavated from the Lajia site, Qinghai Province, northwest China, thus providing direct evidence for the functions of the knives. Our analyses were based on the following:(1) an assemblage of 278identifiable starch grains, representing grains from the stems of foxtail millet(Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum)(65.1 % of the total) and the stems of Hordeum and Triticum species(3.6 % of the total), and(2) an assemblage of 361 identifiable phytoliths,the majority of which were from the stems and leaves of plants such as Panicoideae and related taxa(96 % of the total). Our study demonstrates that one of the functions of the stone knives was the harvesting crops. In addition, a few starch grains from food legumes and roots(3.4 % of the total) indicate that the stone knives were also likely used to process, peel and cut some foods.
