Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and dura...Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and durable immune responses.Compared to traditional intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination methods,MNbased vaccines demonstrate superior patient compliance,enhanced antigen stability,and heightened immunogenicity,positioning them as a promising tool in biomedical applications.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and fabrication techniques used in MN preparation,explores their structural classifications,and examines the role of antigens and adjuvants in optimizing vaccine efficacy.Furthermore,the diverse applications of MN delivery systems in preventing infectious diseases,advancing tumor immunotherapy,and addressing other immune-related conditions are discussed.展开更多
Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently u...Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently used for soils rely on the use of physical and chemical means, which tend to be very expensive and result in secondary environmental damage. However, microbe-aided phytoremediation is gaining attention as it is an eco-friendly, affordable, and technically advanced method to restore the ecosystem. It is essential to understand the complex interaction between plants and microbes. The primary function of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is to stimulate plant development, aid in metal elimination, and reduce their bioavailability in the soil. These microbes regulate phytohormones, stimulate processes such as phytoextraction and phyto-stabilization, and improve the uptake of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. PGPBs secrete a range of enzymes and chemicals, fix nitrogen, solubilize minerals, increase the bioavailability of nutrients under diverse biological environments with high salinities, excessive metal-contaminated soil, and organic pollutants, increase the soil fertility and help in the reclamation of agriculture and regenerate the native flora. The integration of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology with microbial-aided phytoremediation and the use of genetically modified microbes with nanomaterials further enhance the efficacy of the approaches in polluted environments for sustainable restoration of the soil.展开更多
MicroRNA319(miR319)has been implicated in leaf development in a number of plant species.Here we study the roles of miR319a and its regulated network in leaf development in poplars.Over-expression of miR319a in Populus...MicroRNA319(miR319)has been implicated in leaf development in a number of plant species.Here we study the roles of miR319a and its regulated network in leaf development in poplars.Over-expression of miR319a in Populus alba×Populus glandulosa caused dwarf statures,narrow leaf blades and serrated leaf margins.The vascular bundles and bundle sheaths in transgenic leaves had more layers of cells than those in the leaves of control plants,indicating enhanced lignification in these cells.Among the 93 putative targets of miR319a predicted with the psRNATarget tool,only three genes,TCP(TEOSINTE BRANCHED1,CYCLOIDEA,and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN BINDING FACTOR),were differentially expressed in the leaves of MIR319a-over-expression transgenic lines.With the RNA-seq data sets from multiple MIR319a over-expression transgenic lines,we built a three-layered gene regulatory network mediated by miR319a using Top-down graphic Gaussian model(GGM)algorithm that is capable of capturing causal relationships from transcriptomic data.The results support that miR319a primarily regulates the lignin biosynthesis,leaf development and differentiation as well as photosynthesis via miR319-MEE35/TCP4,miR319-TCP2 and miR319-TCP2-1 regulatory modules.展开更多
Biomolecules with metals can form supramolecular nanomaterials through coordination assembly,opening new avenues for cancer theranostics and bringing unique insights into personalized nanomedicine.These biomaterials h...Biomolecules with metals can form supramolecular nanomaterials through coordination assembly,opening new avenues for cancer theranostics and bringing unique insights into personalized nanomedicine.These biomaterials have been considered versatile and innovative nanoagents due to their structure‒function control,biological nature,and simple preparation methods.This review article summarized the recent developments in multicomponent nanomaterials formed from metal coordination interactions with amino acids,peptides,and proteins,together with anticancer drugs,for cancer theranostics.We discussed the role of functional groups anchored in building blocks for coordination interactions,and subsequently,the types of interactions were examined from a structure‒function perspective.Amino acids with different metals and anticancer drugs forming supramolecular nanomaterials and their anticancer mechanisms were highlighted.Peptides with different metals and anticancer drugs,proteins with metals and anticancer drugs used for material formations,and anticancer activity have been discussed.Ultimately,the conclusion and future outlook for multicomponent supramolecular nanomaterials offer fundamental insights into fabrication design and precision medicine.展开更多
In the present time, coronavirus disease COVID-19 has become prevalent across the globe and declared as a pandemic by the world health organization(WHO) [1]. As of now, many vaccines and medicines are in the approval ...In the present time, coronavirus disease COVID-19 has become prevalent across the globe and declared as a pandemic by the world health organization(WHO) [1]. As of now, many vaccines and medicines are in the approval process or at different stages of preclinical investigations to coup with the COVID-19 [2]. Coronavirus has a spike protein, which tends to bind with receptors present in the lung tissues, and that helps in its entry to the cells and replication inside [3]. Therefore, we are in need to design the multivalent nanomaterials, which can act as receptors to bind with spike protein of virus and stop its replication(Fig. 1).展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Fund for National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22232006,22377127,and 52361145848)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-083)+2 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(Grant Nos.20230484352 and 20240484650)Institute of Process Engineering Project for Frontier Basic Research(Grant No.QYJC-2023-05)Progress of Strategy Priority Research Program(Category B)of CAS(Grant No.XDB0520300).
文摘Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and durable immune responses.Compared to traditional intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination methods,MNbased vaccines demonstrate superior patient compliance,enhanced antigen stability,and heightened immunogenicity,positioning them as a promising tool in biomedical applications.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and fabrication techniques used in MN preparation,explores their structural classifications,and examines the role of antigens and adjuvants in optimizing vaccine efficacy.Furthermore,the diverse applications of MN delivery systems in preventing infectious diseases,advancing tumor immunotherapy,and addressing other immune-related conditions are discussed.
基金supported by the Yibin Science and Technology Plan(2022NY011).
文摘Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently used for soils rely on the use of physical and chemical means, which tend to be very expensive and result in secondary environmental damage. However, microbe-aided phytoremediation is gaining attention as it is an eco-friendly, affordable, and technically advanced method to restore the ecosystem. It is essential to understand the complex interaction between plants and microbes. The primary function of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is to stimulate plant development, aid in metal elimination, and reduce their bioavailability in the soil. These microbes regulate phytohormones, stimulate processes such as phytoextraction and phyto-stabilization, and improve the uptake of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. PGPBs secrete a range of enzymes and chemicals, fix nitrogen, solubilize minerals, increase the bioavailability of nutrients under diverse biological environments with high salinities, excessive metal-contaminated soil, and organic pollutants, increase the soil fertility and help in the reclamation of agriculture and regenerate the native flora. The integration of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology with microbial-aided phytoremediation and the use of genetically modified microbes with nanomaterials further enhance the efficacy of the approaches in polluted environments for sustainable restoration of the soil.
基金supported by a grant from Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2017ZY001).
文摘MicroRNA319(miR319)has been implicated in leaf development in a number of plant species.Here we study the roles of miR319a and its regulated network in leaf development in poplars.Over-expression of miR319a in Populus alba×Populus glandulosa caused dwarf statures,narrow leaf blades and serrated leaf margins.The vascular bundles and bundle sheaths in transgenic leaves had more layers of cells than those in the leaves of control plants,indicating enhanced lignification in these cells.Among the 93 putative targets of miR319a predicted with the psRNATarget tool,only three genes,TCP(TEOSINTE BRANCHED1,CYCLOIDEA,and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN BINDING FACTOR),were differentially expressed in the leaves of MIR319a-over-expression transgenic lines.With the RNA-seq data sets from multiple MIR319a over-expression transgenic lines,we built a three-layered gene regulatory network mediated by miR319a using Top-down graphic Gaussian model(GGM)algorithm that is capable of capturing causal relationships from transcriptomic data.The results support that miR319a primarily regulates the lignin biosynthesis,leaf development and differentiation as well as photosynthesis via miR319-MEE35/TCP4,miR319-TCP2 and miR319-TCP2-1 regulatory modules.
基金support from the Khalifa University for the start-up project(No.8474000462)support for the Functional Biomaterials Group(No.8474000624)+1 种基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22072154 and 22377127)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021048).
文摘Biomolecules with metals can form supramolecular nanomaterials through coordination assembly,opening new avenues for cancer theranostics and bringing unique insights into personalized nanomedicine.These biomaterials have been considered versatile and innovative nanoagents due to their structure‒function control,biological nature,and simple preparation methods.This review article summarized the recent developments in multicomponent nanomaterials formed from metal coordination interactions with amino acids,peptides,and proteins,together with anticancer drugs,for cancer theranostics.We discussed the role of functional groups anchored in building blocks for coordination interactions,and subsequently,the types of interactions were examined from a structure‒function perspective.Amino acids with different metals and anticancer drugs forming supramolecular nanomaterials and their anticancer mechanisms were highlighted.Peptides with different metals and anticancer drugs,proteins with metals and anticancer drugs used for material formations,and anticancer activity have been discussed.Ultimately,the conclusion and future outlook for multicomponent supramolecular nanomaterials offer fundamental insights into fabrication design and precision medicine.
基金financial support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 program under grant 839177 (PEPREP)financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFA0201600, 2016YFE0133100)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11621505)。
文摘In the present time, coronavirus disease COVID-19 has become prevalent across the globe and declared as a pandemic by the world health organization(WHO) [1]. As of now, many vaccines and medicines are in the approval process or at different stages of preclinical investigations to coup with the COVID-19 [2]. Coronavirus has a spike protein, which tends to bind with receptors present in the lung tissues, and that helps in its entry to the cells and replication inside [3]. Therefore, we are in need to design the multivalent nanomaterials, which can act as receptors to bind with spike protein of virus and stop its replication(Fig. 1).
