Pancreatic cancer is still one of the neoplasms with the worst prognosis.Late presentation at an unresectable or metastatic stage precluding surgery,aggressive biology,and resistance to antiblastic drugs make this dis...Pancreatic cancer is still one of the neoplasms with the worst prognosis.Late presentation at an unresectable or metastatic stage precluding surgery,aggressive biology,and resistance to antiblastic drugs make this disease a formidable foe.The authors,following the path already traced by the previous review,investigate and summarize the breakthroughs of recent years concerning this lethal disease.Areas of progress include improving prevention and early detection strategies,refining molecular understanding of pancreatic cancer,identifying more effective systemic therapies,and improving quality of life and surgical outcomes.No less important is the technological aspect that looks primarily at artificial intelligence.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.Five-year survival rate is less than 10%.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advan...Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.Five-year survival rate is less than 10%.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and surgery could be performed in a very limited number of patients.Moreover,surgery is still associated with high post-operative morbidity,while other therapies still offer very disappointing results.This article reviews every aspect of pancreatic cancer,focusing on the elements that can improve prognosis.It was written with the aim of describing everything you need to know in 2021 in order to face this difficult challenge.展开更多
While great strides in improving survival rates have been made for most cancers in recent years,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.PDAC mortality often overl...While great strides in improving survival rates have been made for most cancers in recent years,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.PDAC mortality often overlaps with incidence.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but it can be performed in a very limited number of cases.In order to improve the prognosis of PDAC,there are ideally two possible ways:the discovery of new strategies or drugs that will make it possible to treat the tumor more successfully or an earlier diagnosis that will allow patients to be operated on at a less advanced stage.The aim of this review was to summarize all the possible strategies available today for the early diagnosis of PDAC and the paths that research needs to take to make this goal ever closer.All the most recent studies on risk factors and screening modalities,new laboratory tests including liquid biopsy,new imaging methods and possible applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning were reviewed and commented on.Unfortunately,in 2022 the results for this type of cancer still remain discouraging,while a catastrophic increase in cases is expected in the coming years.The article was also written with the aim of highlighting the urgency of devoting more attention and resources to this pathology in order to reach a solution that seems more and more unreachable every day.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)screening is a fundamental tool in the prevention and early detection of one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers.Over the years,screening,particularly in those settings where it is well orga...Colorectal cancer(CRC)screening is a fundamental tool in the prevention and early detection of one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers.Over the years,screening,particularly in those settings where it is well organized,has succeeded in reducing the incidence of colon and rectal cancer and improving the prognosis related to them.Despite considerable advancements in screening technologies and strategies,the effectiveness of CRC screening programs remains less than optimal.This paper examined the multifaceted reasons behind the persistent lack of effect-iveness in CRC screening initiatives.Through a critical analysis of current methodologies,technological limitations,patient-related factors,and systemic challenges,we elucidated the complex interplay that hampers the successful reduction of CRC morbidity and mortality rates.While acknowledging the ad-vancements that have improved aspects of screening,we emphasized the necessity of addressing the identified barriers comprehensively.This study aimed to raise awareness of how important CRC screening is in reducing costs for this disease.Screening and early diagnosis are not only important in improving the prognosis of patients with CRC but can lead to an important reduction in the cost of treating a disease that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.Spending more sooner can mean saving money later.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignancies in the world.Despite significant improvements in surgical technique,postoperative complications still occur in a fair percentage of patients undergoing colo...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignancies in the world.Despite significant improvements in surgical technique,postoperative complications still occur in a fair percentage of patients undergoing colorectal surgery.The most feared complication is anastomotic leakage.It negatively affects shortterm prognosis,with increased post-operative morbidity and mortality,higher hospitalization time and costs.Moreover,it may require further surgery with the creation of a permanent or temporary stoma.While there is no doubt about the negative impact of anastomotic dehiscence on the short-term prognosis of patients operated on for CRC,still under discussion is its impact on the long-term prognosis.Some authors have described an association between leakage and reduced overall survival,disease-free survival,and increased recurrence,while other Authors have found no real impact of dehiscence on long term prognosis.The purpose of this paper is to review all the literature about the impact of anastomotic dehiscence on long-term prognosis after CRC surgery.The main risk factors of leakage and early detection markers are also summarized.展开更多
文摘Pancreatic cancer is still one of the neoplasms with the worst prognosis.Late presentation at an unresectable or metastatic stage precluding surgery,aggressive biology,and resistance to antiblastic drugs make this disease a formidable foe.The authors,following the path already traced by the previous review,investigate and summarize the breakthroughs of recent years concerning this lethal disease.Areas of progress include improving prevention and early detection strategies,refining molecular understanding of pancreatic cancer,identifying more effective systemic therapies,and improving quality of life and surgical outcomes.No less important is the technological aspect that looks primarily at artificial intelligence.
文摘Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.Five-year survival rate is less than 10%.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and surgery could be performed in a very limited number of patients.Moreover,surgery is still associated with high post-operative morbidity,while other therapies still offer very disappointing results.This article reviews every aspect of pancreatic cancer,focusing on the elements that can improve prognosis.It was written with the aim of describing everything you need to know in 2021 in order to face this difficult challenge.
文摘While great strides in improving survival rates have been made for most cancers in recent years,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis.PDAC mortality often overlaps with incidence.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but it can be performed in a very limited number of cases.In order to improve the prognosis of PDAC,there are ideally two possible ways:the discovery of new strategies or drugs that will make it possible to treat the tumor more successfully or an earlier diagnosis that will allow patients to be operated on at a less advanced stage.The aim of this review was to summarize all the possible strategies available today for the early diagnosis of PDAC and the paths that research needs to take to make this goal ever closer.All the most recent studies on risk factors and screening modalities,new laboratory tests including liquid biopsy,new imaging methods and possible applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning were reviewed and commented on.Unfortunately,in 2022 the results for this type of cancer still remain discouraging,while a catastrophic increase in cases is expected in the coming years.The article was also written with the aim of highlighting the urgency of devoting more attention and resources to this pathology in order to reach a solution that seems more and more unreachable every day.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)screening is a fundamental tool in the prevention and early detection of one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers.Over the years,screening,particularly in those settings where it is well organized,has succeeded in reducing the incidence of colon and rectal cancer and improving the prognosis related to them.Despite considerable advancements in screening technologies and strategies,the effectiveness of CRC screening programs remains less than optimal.This paper examined the multifaceted reasons behind the persistent lack of effect-iveness in CRC screening initiatives.Through a critical analysis of current methodologies,technological limitations,patient-related factors,and systemic challenges,we elucidated the complex interplay that hampers the successful reduction of CRC morbidity and mortality rates.While acknowledging the ad-vancements that have improved aspects of screening,we emphasized the necessity of addressing the identified barriers comprehensively.This study aimed to raise awareness of how important CRC screening is in reducing costs for this disease.Screening and early diagnosis are not only important in improving the prognosis of patients with CRC but can lead to an important reduction in the cost of treating a disease that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.Spending more sooner can mean saving money later.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignancies in the world.Despite significant improvements in surgical technique,postoperative complications still occur in a fair percentage of patients undergoing colorectal surgery.The most feared complication is anastomotic leakage.It negatively affects shortterm prognosis,with increased post-operative morbidity and mortality,higher hospitalization time and costs.Moreover,it may require further surgery with the creation of a permanent or temporary stoma.While there is no doubt about the negative impact of anastomotic dehiscence on the short-term prognosis of patients operated on for CRC,still under discussion is its impact on the long-term prognosis.Some authors have described an association between leakage and reduced overall survival,disease-free survival,and increased recurrence,while other Authors have found no real impact of dehiscence on long term prognosis.The purpose of this paper is to review all the literature about the impact of anastomotic dehiscence on long-term prognosis after CRC surgery.The main risk factors of leakage and early detection markers are also summarized.
