Since 2007,the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased.However,the description style is not consiste...Since 2007,the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased.However,the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns.Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements,and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support.This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species(Russulaceae,Agaricomycetes).We present the description template,the template measurements table,the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents.The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia.Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared,among them R.amarissima,R.castanopsidis,R.seperina and R.subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new:R.abietiphila,R.amerorecondita,R.aurantioflava,R.echidna,R.flavobrunnescens,R.fluvialis,R.fortunae,R.garyensis,R.gemmata,R.laevis,R.madrensis,R.olivaceohimalayensis,R.purpureogracilis,R.sancti-pauli and R.wielangtae.Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment.Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics.The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre,but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas,emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations.This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data.展开更多
Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems,but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution.This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of t...Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems,but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution.This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium(GSMc)to boost further research in fungal diversity,biogeography and macroecology.The dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)derived from PacBio sequencing of full-length ITS and 18S-V9 variable regions from 3200 plots in 108 countries on all continents.The plots are supplied with geographical and edaphic metadata.The OTUs are taxonomically and functionally assigned to guilds and other functional groups.The entire dataset has been corrected by excluding chimeras,index-switch artefacts and potential contamination.The dataset is more inclusive in terms of geographical breadth and phylogenetic diversity of fungi than previously published data.The GSMc dataset is available over the PlutoF repository.展开更多
基金supported by the project on the survey and excavation of Korean indigenous species of the National Institute of Biological Resources(grant number NIBR201902113)。
文摘Since 2007,the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased.However,the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns.Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements,and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support.This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species(Russulaceae,Agaricomycetes).We present the description template,the template measurements table,the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents.The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia.Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared,among them R.amarissima,R.castanopsidis,R.seperina and R.subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new:R.abietiphila,R.amerorecondita,R.aurantioflava,R.echidna,R.flavobrunnescens,R.fluvialis,R.fortunae,R.garyensis,R.gemmata,R.laevis,R.madrensis,R.olivaceohimalayensis,R.purpureogracilis,R.sancti-pauli and R.wielangtae.Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment.Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics.The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre,but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas,emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations.This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data.
基金the Estonian Science Foundation(Grant Nos.PRG632,PSG136,MOBTP198,PUT1170)Norway-Baltic EEA financial mechanism(Grant No.EMP442)RSF19-14-00038,DSFP-2021 and Novo Nordisk Fonden(Silva Nova).
文摘Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems,but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution.This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium(GSMc)to boost further research in fungal diversity,biogeography and macroecology.The dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)derived from PacBio sequencing of full-length ITS and 18S-V9 variable regions from 3200 plots in 108 countries on all continents.The plots are supplied with geographical and edaphic metadata.The OTUs are taxonomically and functionally assigned to guilds and other functional groups.The entire dataset has been corrected by excluding chimeras,index-switch artefacts and potential contamination.The dataset is more inclusive in terms of geographical breadth and phylogenetic diversity of fungi than previously published data.The GSMc dataset is available over the PlutoF repository.
