电动汽车作为电网中的重要负荷,具有较高的需求响应潜力.为降低电动汽车集群用能成本,缓解电网峰值负荷压力,文中首先分析了V2G模式下电动汽车的用电特性,构建了电动汽车集群充放电调度模型,通过成本分析为充放电调度提供决策依据.然后...电动汽车作为电网中的重要负荷,具有较高的需求响应潜力.为降低电动汽车集群用能成本,缓解电网峰值负荷压力,文中首先分析了V2G模式下电动汽车的用电特性,构建了电动汽车集群充放电调度模型,通过成本分析为充放电调度提供决策依据.然后应用多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient,MADDPG)算法对电动汽车集群进行充放电行为的实时优化,利用用户的历史用电数据完成学习过程,并依据当前的用电信息进行调度决策.算例分析表明,该方法可以进行电动汽车集群充放电行为的实时在线优化决策,在保证用户用电需求的前提下,提高用户用电经济性,实现峰值负荷的转移.展开更多
A study on a 4-stage sub-size MgB_(2) Cable-in-Conduit Conductor(CICC),tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(ASIPP),revealed a 20%degradation in critical current at 4.2 K compared to si...A study on a 4-stage sub-size MgB_(2) Cable-in-Conduit Conductor(CICC),tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(ASIPP),revealed a 20%degradation in critical current at 4.2 K compared to single-strand data.To address this issue,the mechanical properties of MgB_(2) wires from Hyper Tech and WST were investigated,and two sub-size CICCs were manufactured using a“close-to-1-ratio”Twente design with smaller diameter wires.These cables demonstrated no significant degradation in critical current after cabling and compaction,nor after electromagnetic load cycling.The results indicate that the closeto-1-ratio cable design is optimal for brittle superconducting materials such as MgB_(2),Nb3Sn,and BSCCO,as it minimizes mechanical stress and preserves superconducting properties.This design shows significant potential for the application of MgB_(2) in next-generation fusion reactors,particularly in Poloidal Field(PF)coils,Correction Coils(CC),and feeders.展开更多
文摘电动汽车作为电网中的重要负荷,具有较高的需求响应潜力.为降低电动汽车集群用能成本,缓解电网峰值负荷压力,文中首先分析了V2G模式下电动汽车的用电特性,构建了电动汽车集群充放电调度模型,通过成本分析为充放电调度提供决策依据.然后应用多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient,MADDPG)算法对电动汽车集群进行充放电行为的实时优化,利用用户的历史用电数据完成学习过程,并依据当前的用电信息进行调度决策.算例分析表明,该方法可以进行电动汽车集群充放电行为的实时在线优化决策,在保证用户用电需求的前提下,提高用户用电经济性,实现峰值负荷的转移.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52207035)the“Hundred Talents Program”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2022000625).
文摘A study on a 4-stage sub-size MgB_(2) Cable-in-Conduit Conductor(CICC),tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(ASIPP),revealed a 20%degradation in critical current at 4.2 K compared to single-strand data.To address this issue,the mechanical properties of MgB_(2) wires from Hyper Tech and WST were investigated,and two sub-size CICCs were manufactured using a“close-to-1-ratio”Twente design with smaller diameter wires.These cables demonstrated no significant degradation in critical current after cabling and compaction,nor after electromagnetic load cycling.The results indicate that the closeto-1-ratio cable design is optimal for brittle superconducting materials such as MgB_(2),Nb3Sn,and BSCCO,as it minimizes mechanical stress and preserves superconducting properties.This design shows significant potential for the application of MgB_(2) in next-generation fusion reactors,particularly in Poloidal Field(PF)coils,Correction Coils(CC),and feeders.
