A functional microcapsule was prepared by encapsulating the fine crystalline ammonium tungstophosphate （AWP） in calcium alginate polymer （CaALG）. The characterization of AWP-CaALG microcapsule was examined by SEM ...A functional microcapsule was prepared by encapsulating the fine crystalline ammonium tungstophosphate （AWP） in calcium alginate polymer （CaALG）. The characterization of AWP-CaALG microcapsule was examined by SEM and EPMA. The ad- sorption behavior of Cs（Ⅰ）, Rb（Ⅰ）, Sr（Ⅱ）, Pd（II）, Ru（Ⅲ）, Rh（Ⅲ）, La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ）, Dy（Ⅲ） and Zr（IV） was investigated by the batch method. The batch experiments were carried out by varying the shaking times, HNO3 concentration, and initial concen- tration of metal ions. Relatively large K＋ values above 105 cm3/g for Cs（I） were obtained in the range of 0.1-5 M HNO3, re- sulting in a separation factor of Cs/Rb exceeding 102. In contrast, the K＋ values of Sr（II）, Pd（II）, Ru（Ⅲ）, La（Ⅲ）, Dy（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Zr（IV） were considerably lower than 50 cm3/g. The K＋ value of Cs（1） decreased in the order of the coexisting ions, H＋ 〉 Na＋ 〉〉 NH4＋, and a linear relationship with a slop of about -1 was obtained between log Kd and log [NH4＋] （[NH4＋] 〉 0.01 M） The adsorption of Cs（I） was found to be controlled by chemisorption mechanism, and followed a Langmuir-type adsorption equation. A high uptake percentage of 99.4% for Cs（I） was obtained by using the dissolved solutions of spent fuel from FBR-JOYO （JAEA）.展开更多
Development of highly functional cesium selective adsorbents for the decontamination of high-activity-level water(HALW) from the Fukushima NPP-1 accident is very urgent. In order to selectively adsorb the radioactive ...Development of highly functional cesium selective adsorbents for the decontamination of high-activity-level water(HALW) from the Fukushima NPP-1 accident is very urgent. In order to selectively adsorb the radioactive cesium, three kinds of novel porous silica gels loaded with insoluble ferrocyanides(SLFC) were prepared using a successive impregnation/precipitation method. Based on the results of previous research, the SLFC composites have relatively large uptake ratio above 95%, distribution coefficients(Kd) above 103 cm3/g, and excellent adsorption kinetics even in seawater. The solidification results also indicate that zeolites have an excellent Cs immobilization characteristic, gas-trapping and self-sintering abilities, and low leachability. We chose three kinds of SLFC composites to achieve the optimization of solidification by mixing with nine kinds of additives at high temperatures(up to 1200 °C). The Cs contents in the three composites were estimated to be below 30% of the initial contents and decreased with the three stages at calcination temperatures ranging from 25 to 1200 °C. By contrast, the Cs immobilization ratio was markedly lowered by mixing with additives: of those, allophane had the best immobilization result. By increasing the additive ratio to 50 wt%, the Cs immobilization ratio became almost 100% and no volatilization of Cs was detected even after calcination at 1200 °C. This result indicates that calcination of the mixture of SLFC composites after adsorbing Cs+ ions and specific additives under appropriate ratio is effective for stable solidification.展开更多
文摘A functional microcapsule was prepared by encapsulating the fine crystalline ammonium tungstophosphate （AWP） in calcium alginate polymer （CaALG）. The characterization of AWP-CaALG microcapsule was examined by SEM and EPMA. The ad- sorption behavior of Cs（Ⅰ）, Rb（Ⅰ）, Sr（Ⅱ）, Pd（II）, Ru（Ⅲ）, Rh（Ⅲ）, La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ）, Dy（Ⅲ） and Zr（IV） was investigated by the batch method. The batch experiments were carried out by varying the shaking times, HNO3 concentration, and initial concen- tration of metal ions. Relatively large K＋ values above 105 cm3/g for Cs（I） were obtained in the range of 0.1-5 M HNO3, re- sulting in a separation factor of Cs/Rb exceeding 102. In contrast, the K＋ values of Sr（II）, Pd（II）, Ru（Ⅲ）, La（Ⅲ）, Dy（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Zr（IV） were considerably lower than 50 cm3/g. The K＋ value of Cs（1） decreased in the order of the coexisting ions, H＋ 〉 Na＋ 〉〉 NH4＋, and a linear relationship with a slop of about -1 was obtained between log Kd and log [NH4＋] （[NH4＋] 〉 0.01 M） The adsorption of Cs（I） was found to be controlled by chemisorption mechanism, and followed a Langmuir-type adsorption equation. A high uptake percentage of 99.4% for Cs（I） was obtained by using the dissolved solutions of spent fuel from FBR-JOYO （JAEA）.
基金supported by JST Strategic Japanese-Chinese Research Cooperative Program 2013
文摘Development of highly functional cesium selective adsorbents for the decontamination of high-activity-level water(HALW) from the Fukushima NPP-1 accident is very urgent. In order to selectively adsorb the radioactive cesium, three kinds of novel porous silica gels loaded with insoluble ferrocyanides(SLFC) were prepared using a successive impregnation/precipitation method. Based on the results of previous research, the SLFC composites have relatively large uptake ratio above 95%, distribution coefficients(Kd) above 103 cm3/g, and excellent adsorption kinetics even in seawater. The solidification results also indicate that zeolites have an excellent Cs immobilization characteristic, gas-trapping and self-sintering abilities, and low leachability. We chose three kinds of SLFC composites to achieve the optimization of solidification by mixing with nine kinds of additives at high temperatures(up to 1200 °C). The Cs contents in the three composites were estimated to be below 30% of the initial contents and decreased with the three stages at calcination temperatures ranging from 25 to 1200 °C. By contrast, the Cs immobilization ratio was markedly lowered by mixing with additives: of those, allophane had the best immobilization result. By increasing the additive ratio to 50 wt%, the Cs immobilization ratio became almost 100% and no volatilization of Cs was detected even after calcination at 1200 °C. This result indicates that calcination of the mixture of SLFC composites after adsorbing Cs+ ions and specific additives under appropriate ratio is effective for stable solidification.
