Objective:To investigate the correlation between the occurrences of unexplained sudden death in Yunnan Province and the pathogen spectrum by using real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR,metagenom...Objective:To investigate the correlation between the occurrences of unexplained sudden death in Yunnan Province and the pathogen spectrum by using real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR,metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS),and virus isolation techniques to test autopsy samples from cases of unexplained sudden death and fecal specimens from populations in affected areas.Methods:Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Sanger sequencing were performed on 101 fecal samples collected from populations in affected areas.Virus isolation was conducted on fecal and gastric content samples from individuals who died suddenly.Additionally,metavirome sequencing and pathogen spectrum abundance detection were performed on 50 autopsy organ samples.Results:No specific fragments of enteroviruses were detected in 101 fecal samples from the population in the affected wards,and no viruses were isolated from fecal and gastric content samples of sudden death victims.Among the 50 autopsy organ samples,29 were successfully sequenced.High-throughput sequencing revealed low-abundance enterovirus reads in 11 samples(relative abundance≤0.91%in all cases);Enterovirus A114 was detected in 6 samples(with relative abundances of 0.211%,0.571%,0.910%,0.013%,0.002%,and 0.0000263%,respectively);Coxsackievirus A2 in 9 samples(with relative abundances of 0.111%,0.192%,0.051%,0.291%,0.007%,0.00019%,0.00342%,0.000551%,and 0.0000368%,respectively);and Coxsackievirus B3 in 9 samples(with relative abundances of 0.312%,0.486%,0.120%,0.765%,0.001%,0.001%,0.001%,0.0000999%,and 0.00000848%,respectively).Coexistence of 2-3 types of enteroviruses was observed in some samples.Genomic annotation results indicated that high-abundance bacteria were primarily Paeniclostridium sordellii and Escherichia coli,while viral species could not be successfully assembled due to their low abundance.Conclusion:Enterovirus infection may be one of the causes of some unexplained sudden deaths in Yunnan,and the possibility of varying degrees of enterovirus infection cannot be ruled out in some populations in the affected areas.The detection of bacteria may be attributed to the normal intestinal flora of the human body or contamination during the autopsy sampling process.展开更多
Effective lattice oxygen(Olatt)activation at low temperatures has long been a challenge in catalytic oxidation reactions.Traditional thermal catalytic soot combustion,even with Pt/Pd catalysts,is inefficient at exhaus...Effective lattice oxygen(Olatt)activation at low temperatures has long been a challenge in catalytic oxidation reactions.Traditional thermal catalytic soot combustion,even with Pt/Pd catalysts,is inefficient at exhaust temperatures below 200℃,particularly under conditions of frequent idling.Herein,we report an effective strategy utilizing non-thermal plasma(NTP)to activate Olatt in Ce_(1–x)Co_(x)O_(2–δ)catalysts,achieving dramatic enhancement of the soot combustion rate at low temperatures.At 200℃ and 4.3 W(discharge power,P_(dis)),NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ)achieved 96.9%soot conversion(X_(C)),99.0%CO_(2) selectivity(S(CO_(2)))and a maximum energy conversion efficiency(Emax)of 14.7 g kWh^(–1).Compared with previously reported results,NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ)exhibits the highest S(CO_(2))and Emax values.Remarkably,even without heating,X_(C),Emax,and S(CO_(2))reached 92.1%,6.1 g kWh–1,and 97.5%,respectively,at 6.3 W(P_(dis)).The results of characterization and theoretical calculation demonstrated that Co dopes into the CeO_(2) crystal lattice and forms an asymmetric Ce–O–Co structure,making oxygen“easy come,easy go”,thereby enabling the rapid combustion of soot over NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ).This study highlights the great potential of NTP for activating Olatt and provides valuable insights into the design of efficient NTP-adapted catalysts for oxidation reactions.展开更多
More and more studies have demonstrated that pseudogenes possess coding ability,and the functions of their transcripts in the development of diseases have been partially revealed.However,the role of pseudogenes in mai...More and more studies have demonstrated that pseudogenes possess coding ability,and the functions of their transcripts in the development of diseases have been partially revealed.However,the role of pseudogenes in maintenance of normal physiological states and life activities has long been neglected.Here,we identify pseudogenes that are dynamically expressed during human early embryogenesis,showing different expression patterns from that of adult tissues.We explore the expression correlation between pseudogenes and the parent genes,partly due to their shared gene regulatory elements or the potential regulation network between them.The essential role of three pseudogenes,PI4KAP1,TMED10P1,and FBXW4P1,in maintaining self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells is demonstrated.We further find that the three pseudogenes might perform their regulatory functions by binding to proteins or microRNAs.The pseudogene-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms are significantly associated with human congenital disease,further illustrating their importance during early embryonic development.Overall,this study is an excavation and exploration of functional pseudogenes during early human embryonic development,suggesting that pseudogenes are not only capable of being specifically activated in pathological states,but also play crucial roles in the maintenance of normal physiological states.展开更多
The chemokine ligand 13-chemokine receptor 5(CXCL13-CXCR5)axis has been characterized as a critical tumor-promoting signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment(TME)in multiple types of solid tumors.In this study,w...The chemokine ligand 13-chemokine receptor 5(CXCL13-CXCR5)axis has been characterized as a critical tumor-promoting signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment(TME)in multiple types of solid tumors.In this study,we analyzed the expression profile of CXCL13 in kidney clear cell carcinoma(KIRC)and its correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs).A monoclonal antibody against CXCL13 with high affinity and purity was generated in our lab for western blot and immunohistochemistry(IHC).Bioinformatic analysis was performed based on bulk-seq data from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-KIRC and single-cell RNA-seq data from scRNASeqDB and PanglaoDB.Results showed that high CXCL13 expression in TME was associated with shorter progression-free survival(PFS),disease-specific survival(DSS),and overall survival(OS).KIRC cell lines,as well as several other cancer cell lines,had negative CXCL13 expression.IHC staining from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)and our tissue array indicated that CXCL13 might be mainly expressed by TIICs,but not KIRC tumor cells.CXCL13 expression was strongly and positively correlated withγδT cell abundance in TME.Besides,γδT cell infiltration was associated with poor survival of KIRC.Methylation 450k array data showed that CXCL13 promoter hypomethylation was common in TIICs.The methylation level of cg16361705 within the CXCL13 promoter might play an important role in modulating CXCL13 transcription.In conclusion,our study revealed that CXCL13 expression andγδT cell infiltration in TME is associated with unfavorable survival of KIRC.TIICs,most possiblyγδT cells,are the dominant source of CXCL13 in KIRC TME.展开更多
[Objectives]Optimum extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus(TFFAI)and its resistance activity to ultraviolet radiation were investigated in present research.[Methods]The optimal extra...[Objectives]Optimum extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus(TFFAI)and its resistance activity to ultraviolet radiation were investigated in present research.[Methods]The optimal extraction conditions of TFFAI were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and the survival rate of TFFAI on HaCaT cells irradiated with UVB rays was investigated.It s antioxidant capacity was determined by ABTS.[Results]The results showed that the highest yield of TFFAI was obtained with 70%ethanol at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50(w/v)and 40℃for 1.5 h by single-factor and orthogonal experiments.Total flavonoids(0.25-1.00 mg/ml)could significantly improve the survival rate of HaCaT cell line.Meanwhile,the maximum absorption peak of TFFAI was found at 283 nm,and in-vitro antioxidant experiment identified that TFFAI had a good clearance rate to ABTS.It suggestes that TFFAI could protect the cells from UVB damage by absorption of UVB rays and anti-oxidation.[Conclusions]TFFAI played a protective role on UVB irradiated cells through UVB ultraviolet absorption and antioxidant pathways.展开更多
We report the effect of boron (nitrogen)-divacancy complex defects on the electronic properties of graphene nanoribbon by means of density functional theory. It is found that the defective subbands appear in the condu...We report the effect of boron (nitrogen)-divacancy complex defects on the electronic properties of graphene nanoribbon by means of density functional theory. It is found that the defective subbands appear in the conduction band and valence band in accordance with boron (nitrogen)-divacancy defect, respectively;the impurity subbands don’t lead to the transition from the metallic characteristic to a semiconducting one. These complex defects affect the electronic band structures around the Fermi level of the graphene nanoribbon;the charge densities of these configurations have also changed distinctly. It is hoped that the theoretical results are helpful in designing the electronic device.展开更多
Direct oxidation of methane (CH_(4)) to methanol(CH_(3)OH) (DMTM) is appealing for the value-added utilizationof natural gas, yet challenged by poor reactivity and selectivity,which urges to develop efficient catalyst...Direct oxidation of methane (CH_(4)) to methanol(CH_(3)OH) (DMTM) is appealing for the value-added utilizationof natural gas, yet challenged by poor reactivity and selectivity,which urges to develop efficient catalysts andaccurately unveil reaction mechanisms. Here, we focus on theIn_(2)O_(3)-catalyzed DMTM process via the first principle calculationsand energetic span model (ESM). Considering the facilestorage and release of lattice oxygen on In_(2)O_(3), thestoichiometric (S-110), reduced (R-110), and reoxidized (O_(2)-R-110) surface states were all investigated under the samefooting. As the dynamic surface transformation of S-110→R-110→O_(2)-R-110, the corresponding CH4 activation mechanismspresent synchronous changes of polarization activation→σ*activation→σ activation, which was identified by the electrontransfer patterns between the adsorbates and catalytic sites.Furthermore, the optimal site for non-stoichiometric DMTMemerges on S-110, and the binding ability of dual H atoms wassearched to be valid for describing the involved reaction barriersand the turnover frequency. Based on deciphering thecomplete DMTM pathway, the Mars-van Krevelen+Eley-Ridealroute is favorable in kinetics determined by ESM analysis,accompanied by low overoxidation tendency. This work providesinsights for further optimization and design of DMTMcatalysts from the surface geometry evolution.展开更多
Understanding and manipulating synthetic progress for precisely controlling the components and defects of nanomaterials is an important and challenging task in materials synthesis and nanocatalysis.Metal phosphides(MP...Understanding and manipulating synthetic progress for precisely controlling the components and defects of nanomaterials is an important and challenging task in materials synthesis and nanocatalysis.Metal phosphides(MPs)have been explored as cheap advanced materials in various catalytic fields.MP materials are usually synthesized through gas-solid phosphorization reaction in a trial-to-error manner,but their formation mechanism and the origin of controlled synthesis remain unclear.Here,we combine in situ thermogravimetrc analysis-mass spectrometry(TG-MS)and quasi-in situ X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)analysis to probe the transformation mechanism from metal oxides(MOs)to MPs during the phosphorization process mediated by hypophosphite.Temperature,time,and the amount of hypophosphite are revealed as the driven forces while oxophilicity and crystallinity as the impeded forces,simultaneously control the component and defect level of a series of MP(M=Ni,Co,W,Mo,and Nb).The as-obtained WO2.9/WP is proved to be an efficient Z-scheme photocatalyst for oxidative coupling of methane with the total C2+production and C2H4 selectivity in C2+products reaching 10.75 pmolg-1 and 98.25%.Our work provides a fundamental understanding of the phosphorization treatment and thereby guides a viable synthetic route to the controlled synthesis of MOx-δ,MP,MOx-δ/MP,and MP/M heterostructured materials.展开更多
Digital twins can improve the level of control over physical entities and help manage complex systems by integrating a range of technologies.The autonomous agricultural machine has shown revolutionary effects on labor...Digital twins can improve the level of control over physical entities and help manage complex systems by integrating a range of technologies.The autonomous agricultural machine has shown revolutionary effects on labor reduction and utilization rate in field works.Autonomous vehicles in precision agriculture have the potential to improve competitiveness compared to current crop production methods and have become a research hotspot.However,the development time and resources required in experiments have limited the research in this area.Simulation tools in unmanned farming that are required to enable more efficient,reliable,and safe autonomy are increasingly demanding.Inspired by the recent development of an open-source virtual simulation platform,this study proposed an autoware-based simulator to evaluate the performance of agricultural machine guidance based on digital twins.Oblique photogrammetry using drones is used to construct threedimensional maps of fields at the same scale as reality.A communication format suitable for agricultural machines was developed for data input and output,along with an inter-node communication methodology.The conversion,publishing,and maintenance of multiple coordinate systems were completed based on ROS(Robot Operating System).Coverage path planning was performed using hybrid curves based on Bézier curves,and it was tested in both a simulation environment and actual fields with the aid of Pure Pursuit algorithms and PID controllers.展开更多
Market drugs,suchas Foodand Drug Administration(FDA)or European Medicines Agency(EMA)-approved drugs for specific indications provide opportunities for repurposing for newer therapeutics.This potentially saves resourc...Market drugs,suchas Foodand Drug Administration(FDA)or European Medicines Agency(EMA)-approved drugs for specific indications provide opportunities for repurposing for newer therapeutics.This potentially saves resources invested in clinical trials that verify drug safety and tolerance in humans prior to alternative indication approval.Protein arginine methyltransferase 5(PRMT5)overexpression has been linked to promoting the tumor phenotype in several cancers,including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),colorectal cancer(CRC),and breast cancer(BC),making PRMT5 an important target for cancer therapy.Previously,we showed that PRMT5-mediated methylation of the nuclear factor(NF)-kB,partially contributes to its constitutive activation observed in cancers.In this study,we utilized an AlphaLiSA-based high-throughput screening method adapted in our lab,and identified one FDA-approved drug,Candesartan cilexetil(Can,used in hypertension treatment)and one EMA-approved drug,Cloperastine hydrochloride(Clo,used in cough treatment)that had significant PRMT5-inhibitory activity,and their anti-tumor properties were validated using cancer phenotypic assays in vitro.Furthermore,PRMT5 selective inhibition of methyltransferase activity was confirmed by reduction of both NF-kB methylation and its subsequent activation upon drug treatment.Using in silico prediction,we identified critical residues on PRMT5 targeted by these drugs that may interfere with its enzymatic activity.Finally,Clo and Can treatment have exhibited marked reduction in tumor growth in vivo.Overall,we provide basis for pursuing repurposing Clo and Can as anti-PRMT5 cancer therapies.Our study offers potential safe and fast repurposing of previously unknown PRMT5 inhibitors into clinical practice.展开更多
基金Project for Cultivating Technological Innovation Talents in Yunnan Province(Project No.:202405AD350026)Special Project for Medical and Health Talents under the“Xingdian Talent Support Program”in Yunnan Province(Project No.:XDYC-YLWS-2024-0065)Young Talent Cultivation and Funding Program of the Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention(Project No.:YIEDC-G202104)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the correlation between the occurrences of unexplained sudden death in Yunnan Province and the pathogen spectrum by using real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR,metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS),and virus isolation techniques to test autopsy samples from cases of unexplained sudden death and fecal specimens from populations in affected areas.Methods:Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Sanger sequencing were performed on 101 fecal samples collected from populations in affected areas.Virus isolation was conducted on fecal and gastric content samples from individuals who died suddenly.Additionally,metavirome sequencing and pathogen spectrum abundance detection were performed on 50 autopsy organ samples.Results:No specific fragments of enteroviruses were detected in 101 fecal samples from the population in the affected wards,and no viruses were isolated from fecal and gastric content samples of sudden death victims.Among the 50 autopsy organ samples,29 were successfully sequenced.High-throughput sequencing revealed low-abundance enterovirus reads in 11 samples(relative abundance≤0.91%in all cases);Enterovirus A114 was detected in 6 samples(with relative abundances of 0.211%,0.571%,0.910%,0.013%,0.002%,and 0.0000263%,respectively);Coxsackievirus A2 in 9 samples(with relative abundances of 0.111%,0.192%,0.051%,0.291%,0.007%,0.00019%,0.00342%,0.000551%,and 0.0000368%,respectively);and Coxsackievirus B3 in 9 samples(with relative abundances of 0.312%,0.486%,0.120%,0.765%,0.001%,0.001%,0.001%,0.0000999%,and 0.00000848%,respectively).Coexistence of 2-3 types of enteroviruses was observed in some samples.Genomic annotation results indicated that high-abundance bacteria were primarily Paeniclostridium sordellii and Escherichia coli,while viral species could not be successfully assembled due to their low abundance.Conclusion:Enterovirus infection may be one of the causes of some unexplained sudden deaths in Yunnan,and the possibility of varying degrees of enterovirus infection cannot be ruled out in some populations in the affected areas.The detection of bacteria may be attributed to the normal intestinal flora of the human body or contamination during the autopsy sampling process.
文摘Effective lattice oxygen(Olatt)activation at low temperatures has long been a challenge in catalytic oxidation reactions.Traditional thermal catalytic soot combustion,even with Pt/Pd catalysts,is inefficient at exhaust temperatures below 200℃,particularly under conditions of frequent idling.Herein,we report an effective strategy utilizing non-thermal plasma(NTP)to activate Olatt in Ce_(1–x)Co_(x)O_(2–δ)catalysts,achieving dramatic enhancement of the soot combustion rate at low temperatures.At 200℃ and 4.3 W(discharge power,P_(dis)),NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ)achieved 96.9%soot conversion(X_(C)),99.0%CO_(2) selectivity(S(CO_(2)))and a maximum energy conversion efficiency(Emax)of 14.7 g kWh^(–1).Compared with previously reported results,NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ)exhibits the highest S(CO_(2))and Emax values.Remarkably,even without heating,X_(C),Emax,and S(CO_(2))reached 92.1%,6.1 g kWh–1,and 97.5%,respectively,at 6.3 W(P_(dis)).The results of characterization and theoretical calculation demonstrated that Co dopes into the CeO_(2) crystal lattice and forms an asymmetric Ce–O–Co structure,making oxygen“easy come,easy go”,thereby enabling the rapid combustion of soot over NTP-Ce_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2–δ).This study highlights the great potential of NTP for activating Olatt and provides valuable insights into the design of efficient NTP-adapted catalysts for oxidation reactions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0805703,2019YFA0801800,and 2019YFA0802600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330007,82122005,92268205 and 81970101)+1 种基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M1-019)Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund(22HHXBSS00027)。
文摘More and more studies have demonstrated that pseudogenes possess coding ability,and the functions of their transcripts in the development of diseases have been partially revealed.However,the role of pseudogenes in maintenance of normal physiological states and life activities has long been neglected.Here,we identify pseudogenes that are dynamically expressed during human early embryogenesis,showing different expression patterns from that of adult tissues.We explore the expression correlation between pseudogenes and the parent genes,partly due to their shared gene regulatory elements or the potential regulation network between them.The essential role of three pseudogenes,PI4KAP1,TMED10P1,and FBXW4P1,in maintaining self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells is demonstrated.We further find that the three pseudogenes might perform their regulatory functions by binding to proteins or microRNAs.The pseudogene-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms are significantly associated with human congenital disease,further illustrating their importance during early embryonic development.Overall,this study is an excavation and exploration of functional pseudogenes during early human embryonic development,suggesting that pseudogenes are not only capable of being specifically activated in pathological states,but also play crucial roles in the maintenance of normal physiological states.
基金funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project for Major New Drug Innovation and Development(2017ZX09302010).
文摘The chemokine ligand 13-chemokine receptor 5(CXCL13-CXCR5)axis has been characterized as a critical tumor-promoting signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment(TME)in multiple types of solid tumors.In this study,we analyzed the expression profile of CXCL13 in kidney clear cell carcinoma(KIRC)and its correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs).A monoclonal antibody against CXCL13 with high affinity and purity was generated in our lab for western blot and immunohistochemistry(IHC).Bioinformatic analysis was performed based on bulk-seq data from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-KIRC and single-cell RNA-seq data from scRNASeqDB and PanglaoDB.Results showed that high CXCL13 expression in TME was associated with shorter progression-free survival(PFS),disease-specific survival(DSS),and overall survival(OS).KIRC cell lines,as well as several other cancer cell lines,had negative CXCL13 expression.IHC staining from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)and our tissue array indicated that CXCL13 might be mainly expressed by TIICs,but not KIRC tumor cells.CXCL13 expression was strongly and positively correlated withγδT cell abundance in TME.Besides,γδT cell infiltration was associated with poor survival of KIRC.Methylation 450k array data showed that CXCL13 promoter hypomethylation was common in TIICs.The methylation level of cg16361705 within the CXCL13 promoter might play an important role in modulating CXCL13 transcription.In conclusion,our study revealed that CXCL13 expression andγδT cell infiltration in TME is associated with unfavorable survival of KIRC.TIICs,most possiblyγδT cells,are the dominant source of CXCL13 in KIRC TME.
基金Supported by National Key Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training for College Students (202211834021)Project Funds of Zhengzhou Science and Technology Bureau (ZZSZX202109).
文摘[Objectives]Optimum extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus(TFFAI)and its resistance activity to ultraviolet radiation were investigated in present research.[Methods]The optimal extraction conditions of TFFAI were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and the survival rate of TFFAI on HaCaT cells irradiated with UVB rays was investigated.It s antioxidant capacity was determined by ABTS.[Results]The results showed that the highest yield of TFFAI was obtained with 70%ethanol at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50(w/v)and 40℃for 1.5 h by single-factor and orthogonal experiments.Total flavonoids(0.25-1.00 mg/ml)could significantly improve the survival rate of HaCaT cell line.Meanwhile,the maximum absorption peak of TFFAI was found at 283 nm,and in-vitro antioxidant experiment identified that TFFAI had a good clearance rate to ABTS.It suggestes that TFFAI could protect the cells from UVB damage by absorption of UVB rays and anti-oxidation.[Conclusions]TFFAI played a protective role on UVB irradiated cells through UVB ultraviolet absorption and antioxidant pathways.
文摘We report the effect of boron (nitrogen)-divacancy complex defects on the electronic properties of graphene nanoribbon by means of density functional theory. It is found that the defective subbands appear in the conduction band and valence band in accordance with boron (nitrogen)-divacancy defect, respectively;the impurity subbands don’t lead to the transition from the metallic characteristic to a semiconducting one. These complex defects affect the electronic band structures around the Fermi level of the graphene nanoribbon;the charge densities of these configurations have also changed distinctly. It is hoped that the theoretical results are helpful in designing the electronic device.
基金supported by the Major Research Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22372105 and 92145301)the Basic Research Project of Education Office of Liaoning Province (JYTZD2023183)。
文摘Direct oxidation of methane (CH_(4)) to methanol(CH_(3)OH) (DMTM) is appealing for the value-added utilizationof natural gas, yet challenged by poor reactivity and selectivity,which urges to develop efficient catalysts andaccurately unveil reaction mechanisms. Here, we focus on theIn_(2)O_(3)-catalyzed DMTM process via the first principle calculationsand energetic span model (ESM). Considering the facilestorage and release of lattice oxygen on In_(2)O_(3), thestoichiometric (S-110), reduced (R-110), and reoxidized (O_(2)-R-110) surface states were all investigated under the samefooting. As the dynamic surface transformation of S-110→R-110→O_(2)-R-110, the corresponding CH4 activation mechanismspresent synchronous changes of polarization activation→σ*activation→σ activation, which was identified by the electrontransfer patterns between the adsorbates and catalytic sites.Furthermore, the optimal site for non-stoichiometric DMTMemerges on S-110, and the binding ability of dual H atoms wassearched to be valid for describing the involved reaction barriersand the turnover frequency. Based on deciphering thecomplete DMTM pathway, the Mars-van Krevelen+Eley-Ridealroute is favorable in kinetics determined by ESM analysis,accompanied by low overoxidation tendency. This work providesinsights for further optimization and design of DMTMcatalysts from the surface geometry evolution.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21422104 and 21373149)for financial support.
文摘Understanding and manipulating synthetic progress for precisely controlling the components and defects of nanomaterials is an important and challenging task in materials synthesis and nanocatalysis.Metal phosphides(MPs)have been explored as cheap advanced materials in various catalytic fields.MP materials are usually synthesized through gas-solid phosphorization reaction in a trial-to-error manner,but their formation mechanism and the origin of controlled synthesis remain unclear.Here,we combine in situ thermogravimetrc analysis-mass spectrometry(TG-MS)and quasi-in situ X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)analysis to probe the transformation mechanism from metal oxides(MOs)to MPs during the phosphorization process mediated by hypophosphite.Temperature,time,and the amount of hypophosphite are revealed as the driven forces while oxophilicity and crystallinity as the impeded forces,simultaneously control the component and defect level of a series of MP(M=Ni,Co,W,Mo,and Nb).The as-obtained WO2.9/WP is proved to be an efficient Z-scheme photocatalyst for oxidative coupling of methane with the total C2+production and C2H4 selectivity in C2+products reaching 10.75 pmolg-1 and 98.25%.Our work provides a fundamental understanding of the phosphorization treatment and thereby guides a viable synthetic route to the controlled synthesis of MOx-δ,MP,MOx-δ/MP,and MP/M heterostructured materials.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Project(Grant No.2021YFB3901302)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(Grant No.Z201100008020008).
文摘Digital twins can improve the level of control over physical entities and help manage complex systems by integrating a range of technologies.The autonomous agricultural machine has shown revolutionary effects on labor reduction and utilization rate in field works.Autonomous vehicles in precision agriculture have the potential to improve competitiveness compared to current crop production methods and have become a research hotspot.However,the development time and resources required in experiments have limited the research in this area.Simulation tools in unmanned farming that are required to enable more efficient,reliable,and safe autonomy are increasingly demanding.Inspired by the recent development of an open-source virtual simulation platform,this study proposed an autoware-based simulator to evaluate the performance of agricultural machine guidance based on digital twins.Oblique photogrammetry using drones is used to construct threedimensional maps of fields at the same scale as reality.A communication format suitable for agricultural machines was developed for data input and output,along with an inter-node communication methodology.The conversion,publishing,and maintenance of multiple coordinate systems were completed based on ROS(Robot Operating System).Coverage path planning was performed using hybrid curves based on Bézier curves,and it was tested in both a simulation environment and actual fields with the aid of Pure Pursuit algorithms and PID controllers.
基金This work was supported by grants from Indiana Center for Technology and Science Innovation(CTSl),USA(No.2286230 to TL)and Indiana Drug Discovery Alliance(IDDA),USA(No.2286233 to TL),both are funded in part by National Institutes of Health,USA(No.UL1TR002529)National Institutes of Health,USA(No.1R01GM120156-01A1 to TL+5 种基金No.R03 CA223906-01 to TL)This work was also supported by National Institutes of Health,USA(No.P41-GM103426 and DP20D007237 to REA),National Science Foundation,USA(No.CHE060073N to REA)National Institutes of Health,USA(No.R01 CA069202 to ZYZ)MLF and MRK were supported by IUSCCC Cancer Center,USA(No.P30 CA082709),National Institutes of Health,USA(No.R01CA167291and R01CA254110).MRK was also supported by National Institutes of Health,USA(No.R01CA205166,R01CA231267,and R01HL140961)MLF was also supported by National Institutes of Health,USA(No.R01CA211098,U01HL143403,and NF180045)MLF and MRK were additionally supported by the Riley Children's Foundation,USA.
文摘Market drugs,suchas Foodand Drug Administration(FDA)or European Medicines Agency(EMA)-approved drugs for specific indications provide opportunities for repurposing for newer therapeutics.This potentially saves resources invested in clinical trials that verify drug safety and tolerance in humans prior to alternative indication approval.Protein arginine methyltransferase 5(PRMT5)overexpression has been linked to promoting the tumor phenotype in several cancers,including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),colorectal cancer(CRC),and breast cancer(BC),making PRMT5 an important target for cancer therapy.Previously,we showed that PRMT5-mediated methylation of the nuclear factor(NF)-kB,partially contributes to its constitutive activation observed in cancers.In this study,we utilized an AlphaLiSA-based high-throughput screening method adapted in our lab,and identified one FDA-approved drug,Candesartan cilexetil(Can,used in hypertension treatment)and one EMA-approved drug,Cloperastine hydrochloride(Clo,used in cough treatment)that had significant PRMT5-inhibitory activity,and their anti-tumor properties were validated using cancer phenotypic assays in vitro.Furthermore,PRMT5 selective inhibition of methyltransferase activity was confirmed by reduction of both NF-kB methylation and its subsequent activation upon drug treatment.Using in silico prediction,we identified critical residues on PRMT5 targeted by these drugs that may interfere with its enzymatic activity.Finally,Clo and Can treatment have exhibited marked reduction in tumor growth in vivo.Overall,we provide basis for pursuing repurposing Clo and Can as anti-PRMT5 cancer therapies.Our study offers potential safe and fast repurposing of previously unknown PRMT5 inhibitors into clinical practice.
